获取用户真实ip地址

   private String getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String ipAddress = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
        if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
            ipAddress = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
            ipAddress = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
            ipAddress = request.getRemoteAddr();
            if (ipAddress.equals("127.0.0.1") || ipAddress.equals("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1")) {
                //根据网卡取本机配置的IP
                InetAddress inet = null;
                try {
                    inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
                } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                ipAddress = inet.getHostAddress();
            }
        }
        //对于通过多个代理的情况,第一个IP为客户端真实IP,多个IP按照','分割
        if (ipAddress != null && ipAddress.length() > 15) { //"***.***.***.***".length() = 15
            if (ipAddress.indexOf(",") > 0) {
                ipAddress = ipAddress.substring(0, ipAddress.indexOf(","));
            }
        }
        return ipAddress;
    }

Java 通过Request请求获取IP地址对应省份、城市
项目需要将不同省份的用户,展示不同内容,所以需要通过Request请求获取IP地址, 然后通过IP获取IP对应省份。

这里的操作步骤一共有步:

  1. 通过Request获取IP
  2. 通过IP获取对应省份、城市
  3. 通过设置的省份和IP对应省份进行比对,展示内容

通过Request获取IP
可以参考我的另外一篇文章【Java 通过Request请求获取IP地址】下面是代码:

public class IpAdrressUtil {
    /**
     * 获取Ip地址
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    private static String getIpAdrress(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String Xip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
        String XFor = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
        if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(XFor) && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(XFor)){
            //多次反向代理后会有多个ip值,第一个ip才是真实ip
            int index = XFor.indexOf(",");
            if(index != -1){
                return XFor.substring(0,index);
            }else{
                return XFor;
            }
        }
        XFor = Xip;
        if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(XFor) && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(XFor)){
            return XFor;
        }
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(XFor) || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(XFor)) {
            XFor = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(XFor) || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(XFor)) {
            XFor = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(XFor) || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(XFor)) {
            XFor = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");
        }
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(XFor) || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(XFor)) {
            XFor = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");
        }
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(XFor) || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(XFor)) {
            XFor = request.getRemoteAddr();
        }
        return XFor;
    }
}

通过IP获取对应省份、城市
使用【GeoLite2 City】库
目前开源的IP地址库与城市对应关系用的比较多的是MaxMind公司的GeoLite数据库,GeoLite数据库有开源版本和收费版本,我们使用的是开源版本,GeoLite目前已经更新到2了,所以我们下载GeoLite2 City库。下载地址是【http://dev.maxmind.com/geoip/geoip2/geolite2/】。

如果觉得慢就用迅雷下。下载完成后就是,下载完成就解压。得到【GeoLite2-City.mmdb】文件,这个就是数据库。

Java例子是这样使用的:
首先在项目中加入maven支持

        
            com.maxmind.geoip2
            geoip2
            2.8.1
        

然后通过GeoLite2查询得到省份、城市:

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{      
      // 创建 GeoLite2 数据库     
      File database = new File("/Users/admin/GeoLite2-City.mmdb");     
      // 读取数据库内容   
      DatabaseReader reader = new DatabaseReader.Builder(database).build();       
      InetAddress ipAddress = InetAddress.getByName("171.108.233.157");     

      // 获取查询结果      
      CityResponse response = reader.city(ipAddress);     

      // 获取国家信息
      Country country = response.getCountry();
      System.out.println(country.getIsoCode());               // 'CN'
      System.out.println(country.getName());                  // 'China'
      System.out.println(country.getNames().get("zh-CN"));    // '中国'

      // 获取省份
      Subdivision subdivision = response.getMostSpecificSubdivision();
      System.out.println(subdivision.getName());   // 'Guangxi Zhuangzu Zizhiqu'
      System.out.println(subdivision.getIsoCode()); // '45'
      System.out.println(subdivision.getNames().get("zh-CN")); // '广西壮族自治区'

      // 获取城市
      City city = response.getCity();
      System.out.println(city.getName()); // 'Nanning'
      Postal postal = response.getPostal();
      System.out.println(postal.getCode()); // 'null'
      System.out.println(city.getNames().get("zh-CN")); // '南宁'
      Location location = response.getLocation();
      System.out.println(location.getLatitude());  // 22.8167
      System.out.println(location.getLongitude()); // 108.3167

}  

如果是生产环境,可以直接创建一个Service,在Service初始化的时候创建reader对象,然后在公共方法中通过ip查询地址,下面以省份为例:

import com.maxmind.geoip2.DatabaseReader;
import com.maxmind.geoip2.model.CityResponse;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.io.File;
import java.net.InetAddress;

/**
 * IP地址服务
 */
@Service
public class IpAddressService {

    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(IpAddressService.class);

    private static String dbPath = "/usr/local/GeoLite2-City.mmdb";

    private static DatabaseReader reader;

    @Autowired
    private Environment env;

    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        try {
            String path = env.getProperty("geolite2.city.db.path");
            if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(path)) {
                dbPath = path;
            }
            File database = new File(dbPath);
            reader = new DatabaseReader.Builder(database).build();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("IP地址服务初始化异常:" + e.getMessage(), e);
        }
    }
    public String getSubdivision(String ipAddress){
        try {
            CityResponse response = reader.city(InetAddress.getByName(ipAddress));
            return response.getMostSpecificSubdivision().getNames().get("zh-CN");
        }catch (Exception e){
            logger.error("根据IP[{}]获取省份失败:{}", ipAddress, e.getMessage());
            return null;
        }
    }
}

然后在需要的地方就行判断:

String areaNames = {"北京","天津","上海"};
String subdivision = ipAddressService.getSubdivision(getIpAdrress(request));
    // 匹配
    if(containsArea(subdivision, areaNames)){
        // 处理...
    }

匹配方法:

    private boolean containsArea(String name, String[] areaNames) {
        if(StringUtils.isBlank(name)){
            return false;
        }
        for(String areaName : areaNames){
            if(name.contains(areaName)){
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false; // 按地域返回数据
    }

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