url转二维码处理以及常见问题

url转二维码

引入jar包

      <dependency>
            <groupId>net.glxn.qrgen</groupId>
            <artifactId>javase</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
            <artifactId>core</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
            <artifactId>javase</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0</version>
        </dependency>

url转base64流

方法1

    public String getBase64(String url){
        MultiFormatWriter multiFormatWriter = new MultiFormatWriter();
        Map hints = new HashMap();
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8"); //设置字符集编码类型
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);  //设置白边
        BitMatrix bitMatrix = null;
        ByteArrayOutputStream out= QRCode.from(url).to(ImageType.PNG).stream();
        String base =new BASE64Encoder().encode(out.toByteArray());
        //去掉base64中自动添加的 "\r|\n"
        String result = base.replaceAll("\r|\n","");
        return result;
    }

方法2

/**
     * 将图片url转换成base64流
     * @param url
     * @return
     */
    public String getBase64(String url){
        MultiFormatWriter multiFormatWriter = new MultiFormatWriter();
        Map hints = new HashMap();
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8"); //设置字符集编码类型
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);  //设置白边
        BitMatrix bitMatrix = null;
        try {
            bitMatrix = multiFormatWriter.encode(url, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, 300, 300,hints);
            BufferedImage image = toBufferedImage(bitMatrix);
            ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            //输出二维码图片流
            try {
                ImageIO.write(image, "jpg",outputStream);
                String base =new BASE64Encoder().encode(outputStream.toByteArray());
                return base;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } catch (WriterException e1) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e1.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }


    public static BufferedImage toBufferedImage(BitMatrix matrix) {
        int width = matrix.getWidth();
        int height = matrix.getHeight();
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
                image.setRGB(x, y, matrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000 : 0xFFFFFFFF);//0xFF000000黑；0xFFFFFFFF白
            }
        }
        return image;
    }
 //使用方法
String url="url链接";
String base= (new PicBaseUtil()).getBase64(url);

url直接生成二维码图片

生成二维码图片的工具类

package com.iflytek.util;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Shape;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.Result;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;

public class QRCodeUtil {
    private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8";
    private static final String FORMAT_NAME = "JPG";
    // 二维码尺寸
    private static final int QRCODE_SIZE = 300;
    // LOGO宽度
    private static final int WIDTH = 60;
    // LOGO高度
    private static final int HEIGHT = 60;

    private static BufferedImage createImage(String content, String imgPath,
                                             boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object>();
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);
        BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content,
                BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_SIZE, QRCODE_SIZE, hints);
        int width = bitMatrix.getWidth();
        int height = bitMatrix.getHeight();
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
                image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000
                        : 0xFFFFFFFF);
            }
        }
        if (imgPath == null || "".equals(imgPath)) {
            return image;
        }
        // 插入图片
        QRCodeUtil.insertImage(image, imgPath, needCompress);
        return image;
    }

    /**
     * 插入LOGO
     *
     * @param source
     *            二维码图片
     * @param imgPath
     *            LOGO图片地址
     * @param needCompress
     *            是否压缩
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void insertImage(BufferedImage source, String imgPath,
                                    boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        File file = new File(imgPath);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            System.err.println(""+imgPath+"   该文件不存在！");
            return;
        }
        Image src = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath));
        int width = src.getWidth(null);
        int height = src.getHeight(null);
        if (needCompress) { // 压缩LOGO
            if (width > WIDTH) {
                width = WIDTH;
            }
            if (height > HEIGHT) {
                height = HEIGHT;
            }
            Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height,
                    Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
            BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                    BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
            g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
            g.dispose();
            src = image;
        }
        // 插入LOGO
        Graphics2D graph = source.createGraphics();
        int x = (QRCODE_SIZE - width) / 2;
        int y = (QRCODE_SIZE - height) / 2;
        graph.drawImage(src, x, y, width, height, null);
        Shape shape = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(x, y, width, width, 6, 6);
        graph.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3f));
        graph.draw(shape);
        graph.dispose();
    }

    /**
     * 生成二维码(内嵌LOGO)
     *
     * @param content
     *            内容
     * @param imgPath
     *            LOGO地址
     * @param destPath
     *            存放目录
     * @param needCompress
     *            是否压缩LOGO
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath,
                              boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath,
                needCompress);
        mkdirs(destPath);
        String file = new Random().nextInt(99999999)+".jpg";
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath+"/"+file));
        return destPath+"/"+file;
    }

    /**
     * 当文件夹不存在时，mkdirs会自动创建多层目录，区别于mkdir．(mkdir如果父目录不存在则会抛出异常)
     * @param destPath 存放目录
     */
    public static void mkdirs(String destPath) {
        File file =new File(destPath);
        //当文件夹不存在时，mkdirs会自动创建多层目录，区别于mkdir．(mkdir如果父目录不存在则会抛出异常)
        if (!file.exists() && !file.isDirectory()) {
            file.mkdirs();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 生成二维码(内嵌LOGO)
     *
     * @param content
     *            内容
     * @param imgPath
     *            LOGO地址
     * @param destPath
     *            存储地址
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath)
            throws Exception {
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, imgPath, destPath, false);
    }

    /**
     * 生成二维码
     *
     * @param content
     *            内容
     * @param destPath
     *            存储地址
     * @param needCompress
     *            是否压缩LOGO
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void encode(String content, String destPath,
                              boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath, needCompress);
    }

    /**
     * 生成二维码
     *
     * @param content
     *            内容
     * @param destPath
     *            存储地址
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void encode(String content, String destPath) throws Exception {
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath, false);
    }

    /**
     * 生成二维码(内嵌LOGO)
     *
     * @param content
     *            内容
     * @param imgPath
     *            LOGO地址
     * @param output
     *            输出流
     * @param needCompress
     *            是否压缩LOGO
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath,
                              OutputStream output, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath,
                needCompress);
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, output);
    }

    /**
     * 生成二维码
     *
     * @param content
     *            内容
     * @param output
     *            输出流
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void encode(String content, OutputStream output)
            throws Exception {
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, output, false);
    }

    /**
     * 解析二维码
     *
     * @param file
     *            二维码图片
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String decode(File file) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image;
        image = ImageIO.read(file);
        if (image == null) {
            return null;
        }
        BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(
                image);
        BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
        Result result;
        Hashtable<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<DecodeHintType, Object>();
        hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
        result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
        String resultStr = result.getText();
        return resultStr;
    }

    /**
     * 解析二维码
     *
     * @param path
     *            二维码图片地址
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String decode(String path) throws Exception {
        return QRCodeUtil.decode(new File(path));
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param content
     * @param imgPath
     * @param destPath
     * @param localUrl 当前环境的域名或者ip地址
     * @param needCompress
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath,String localUrl,
                                boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath,
                needCompress);
        mkdirs(destPath);
        String file = new Random().nextInt(99999999)+".jpg";
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath+"/"+file));
        return localUrl+file;
    }

    public static String encodeDZ(String content, String imgPath, String destPath,String localUrl,int length,int width,
                                boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImageDZ(content, imgPath,length,width,
                needCompress);
        mkdirs(destPath);
        String file = new Random().nextInt(99999999)+".jpg";
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath+"/"+file));
        return localUrl+file;
    }

    private static BufferedImage createImageDZ(String content, String imgPath,int newlength,int newWidth,
                                             boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object>();
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);
        BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content,
                BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, newlength, newWidth, hints);
        int width = bitMatrix.getWidth();
        int height = bitMatrix.getHeight();
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
                image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000
                        : 0xFFFFFFFF);
            }
        }
        if (imgPath == null || "".equals(imgPath)) {
            return image;
        }
        // 插入图片
        QRCodeUtil.insertImage(image, imgPath, needCompress);
        return image;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String text = "https://www.yoyow.org/files/d2b3b82351bda9e70b92c6ee219a432b.png";  //这里设置自定义网站url
        String logoPath =null;
        String destPath = "d:\\pic\\";
        String url=QRCodeUtil.encode(text, logoPath, destPath, true);
        System.out.println(url);

       /* String file="D:\\11.jpg";
        String info=QRCodeUtil.decode(file);
        System.out.println(info);*/
    }
}
 

常见问题

base64长码转短码

我用的方法是建一个表来存储长短码的对应关系，生成长base64码时 存储到数据库表，同时生成端base64码也存储到表

 public static String shortenCodeUrl(String longUrl, int urlLength) {
        if (urlLength < 4 ) {
            urlLength = 8;// defalut length
        }
        StringBuilder sbBuilder = new StringBuilder(urlLength + 2);
        String md5Hex = "";
        int nLen = 0;
        while (nLen < urlLength) {
            // 这个方法是先 md5 再 base64编码 参见
            md5Hex = Md5Encoder.encodeBase64(md5Hex + longUrl);
            for(int i=0;i<md5Hex.length();i++){
                char c = md5Hex.charAt(i);
                if(c != '/' && c != '+'){
                    sbBuilder.append(c);
                    nLen ++;
                }
                if(nLen == urlLength){
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return sbBuilder.toString();
    }

取出base64自动添加的\r|\n

String result = base.replaceAll("\r|\n","");

参考链接

java将一个url链接或者文字生成二维码并且转成base64