Mysql数据库-使用的查询语句大全

查询所有字段:select * from 表名;

查询指定字段:select 列1,列2,... from 表名;

使用 as 给字段起别名: select 字段 as 名字.... from 表名;

查询某个表的某个字段:select 表名.字段 .... from 表名;

可以通过 as 给表起别名: select 别名.字段 .... from 表名 as 别名;

消除重复行:distinct 字段

1.查询一张表:        select * from 表名;

2.查询指定字段: select 字段1,字段2,字段3….from 表名;

3.where条件查询:select  字段1,字段2,字段3  from 表名 where 条件表达式;

例:select * from t_studect where id=1;

select * from t_student where age>22;

4.in关键字查询: select  字段1,字段2  from 表名 where 字段[not]in(元素1,元素2)

例: select * from t_student where age in (21,23);

       select * from t_student where age not in (21,23);

5.between and的范围查询: select  字段1,字段2  from 表名 where 字段 [not]between 取值1 and 取值2

例:select * from  t_student where age between 21 and 29;

     select * from  t_student where age not between 21 and 29;

6.like的模糊查询: select  字段1,字段2… from 表名 where 字段 [not] like ‘字符串

    “%”代表任意字符;

    “_”代表单个字符;

例:select * from  t_student where stuName like ‘张三

select * from  t_student where stuName like ‘张三%”

select * from  t_student where stuName like ‘%张三%”//含有张三的任意字符

select * frome t_student where stuName like ‘张三_”

7.空值查询: select  字段1,字段2… from 表名 where 字段  is[not] null;

8.and多条件查询:

select  字段1,字段2… from 表名 where 条件表达式1 and 条件表达式2 [and 条件表达式n]

例:select * from t_student where gradeName=’一年级’ and age=23

9.or的多条件查询

select  字段1,字段2… from 表名 where 条件表达式1 or 条件表达式2 [or 条件表达式n]

例: select * from t_student where gradeName=’一年级’ or age=23//或者,条件只要满足一个

10.distinct去重复查询:select distinct 字段名 from 表名;

11.对查询结果排序order byselect 字段1,字段2…from 表名 order by 属性名 [asc|desc]

例:select * from  t_student order by age desc//降序,从大到小

select * from  t_student order by age asc//升序,asc默认可以不写

12.分组查询group by

group by 属性名 [having 条件表达式][with rollup]

13.limit 分页查询:select 字段1,字段2…from 表名 limit 初始位置

例:select * from t_student limit 0,5

1.内连接查询(两张或以上的表连接起来查询需要的数据)

根据表一的bookTypeId查询出所有bookTypeName

select * from t_book,t_bookType where t_book.bookTypeId=t_bookType.id

查询某几个字段:

select bookNme,author from t_book,t_bookType where t_book.bookTypeId=t_bookType.id;

2.外连接查询( 两张或以上的表连接起来 查询某张表的信息)

3.左连接查询:select * fromt_book  left  join t_bookType  on

t_book.bookTypeId = t_bookType.id;

4.右连接查询

select * from t_book  right join t_bookType  on t_book.bookTypeId=t_bookType.id;

5.多条件连接查询

select * from t_book,t_bookType where t_book.bookTypeId=t_bookType.id  and t_book.price>70;

子查询

1. in关键字的子查询(一个查询语句的条件可能落在另一个select语句的查询结果中)

select * from t_book where bookType  in(select id from t_bookType);

select * from t_book where bookType  not in(select id from t_bookType);

2.带比较运算符的子查询(子查询可以使用比较运算符)

select * from t_book where price >=(select price from t_priceLevel where priceLevel=1);

3.exists关键字的子查询(加入子查询查询到记录,则进行外层查询,否则,不执行外层查询)

select * from t_book where  exists(select * from t_booktype);

select * from t_book where  not exists(select * from t_booktype);

4.any关键字的子查询(any关键字表示满足其中任一条件)

select * from t_book where price >= any(select price from t_priceLevel);

5.all关键字的子查询(all关键字表示满足所有条件)

select * from t_book where price >= all(select price from t_priceLevel);

合并查询

1.union

使用union关键字是,数据库系统会将所有的查询结果合并到一起,然后去掉相同的记录;

select id from t_book  union select id from t_bookType;

2.union all

使用union all,不会去除掉重复的记录;

select id from t_book  union all select id from t_bookType;

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