1、Android O(8.0)通知的改变
NotificationChannel是android8.0新增的特性,如果App的targetSDKVersion>=26,没有设置channel通知渠道的话,就会导致通知无法展示。
Android O 引入了 通知渠道(Notification Channels),以提供统一的系统来帮助用户管理通知,如果是针对 android O 为目标平台时,必须实现一个或者多个通知渠道,以向用户显示通知。比如聊天软件,为每个聊天组设置一个通知渠道,指定特定声音、灯光等配置。
2、Android Channel通知的兼容支配
创建NotificationChannel
- 创建NotificationChannel对象,指定Channel的id、name和通知的重要程度
- 使用NotificationMannager的createNotificationChannel方法来添加Channel。
private NotificationManager getNotificationManager() {
if (mNotificationManager == null) {
mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
}
return mNotificationManager;
}
@NonNull
private NotificationCompat.Builder getNotificationBuilder() {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel("channel_id", "channel_name",
NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);
//是否绕过请勿打扰模式
channel.canBypassDnd();
//闪光灯
channel.enableLights(true);
//锁屏显示通知
channel.setLockscreenVisibility(VISIBILITY_SECRET);
//闪关灯的灯光颜色
channel.setLightColor(Color.RED);
//桌面launcher的消息角标
channel.canShowBadge();
//是否允许震动
channel.enableVibration(true);
//获取系统通知响铃声音的配置
channel.getAudioAttributes();
//获取通知取到组
channel.getGroup();
//设置可绕过 请勿打扰模式
channel.setBypassDnd(true);
//设置震动模式
channel.setVibrationPattern(new long[]{100, 100, 200});
//是否会有灯光
channel.shouldShowLights();
getNotificationManager().createNotificationChannel(channel);
}
NotificationCompat.Builder notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, "channel_id");
notification.setContentTitle("新消息来了");
notification.setContentText("周末到了,不用上班了");
notification.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
notification.setAutoCancel(true);
return notification;
}
- 设置通知重要性级别
该级别必须要在 NotificationChannel 的构造函数中指定,总共要五个级别;范围是从 NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_NONE(0) ~ NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH(4)
,如果要支持 Android 7.1(API 25)及以下的设备,还得调用NotificationCompat 的 setPriority 方法来设置,如下所示
builder.setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_DEFAULT);
Android 8.0 及以上是使用NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_,Android 7.1 及以下是使用NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_它们都是定义的常量;下面我们以表格的形式更好的展示出来。
用户通知级别 | Android8.0及以上 | Android7.0及以下 |
---|---|---|
紧急级别(发出通知声音并显示为提示通知) | IMPORTANCE_HIGH | PRIORITY_HIGH或者PRIORITY_MAX |
高级别(发出通知声音并且通知栏有通知) | IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT | PRIORITY_DEFAULT |
中等级别(没有通知声音但通知栏有通知) | IMPORTANCE_LOW | PRIORITY_LOW |
低级别(没有通知声音也不会出现在状态栏上) | IMPORTANCE_MIN | PRIORITY_MIN |
上面这些通知级别用户都是可以在 Channel 设置中更改
3、Android Channel通知的应用与管理(更新、删除)
4、自定义Channel通知栏
private void sendCustomNotification() {
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = getNotificationBuilder();
RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.layout_custom_notifition);
remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.notification_title, "custom_title");
remoteViews.setTextViewText(R.id.notification_content, "custom_content");
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, -1,
intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.turn_next, pendingIntent);
builder.setCustomContentView(remoteViews);
getNotificationManager().notify(3, builder.build());
}
5、封装的代码
public class NotificationUtils extends ContextWrapper {
public static final String CHANNEL_ID = "default";
private static final String CHANNEL_NAME = "Default Channel";
private static final String CHANNEL_DESCRIPTION = "this is default channel!";
private NotificationManager mManager;
public NotificationUtils(Context base) {
super(base);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
createNotificationChannel();
}
}
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
private void createNotificationChannel() {
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(CHANNEL_ID, CHANNEL_NAME, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);
//是否绕过请勿打扰模式
channel.canBypassDnd();
//闪光灯
channel.enableLights(true);
//锁屏显示通知
channel.setLockscreenVisibility(VISIBILITY_SECRET);
//闪关灯的灯光颜色
channel.setLightColor(Color.RED);
//桌面launcher的消息角标
channel.canShowBadge();
//是否允许震动
channel.enableVibration(true);
//获取系统通知响铃声音的配置
channel.getAudioAttributes();
//获取通知取到组
channel.getGroup();
//设置可绕过 请勿打扰模式
channel.setBypassDnd(true);
//设置震动模式
channel.setVibrationPattern(new long[]{100, 100, 200});
//是否会有灯光
channel.shouldShowLights();
getManager().createNotificationChannel(channel);
}
private NotificationManager getManager() {
if (mManager == null) {
mManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
}
return mManager;
}
/**
* 发送通知
*/
public void sendNotification(String title, String content) {
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = getNotification(title, content);
getManager().notify(1, builder.build());
}
private NotificationCompat.Builder getNotification(String title, String content) {
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = null;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(getApplicationContext(), CHANNEL_ID);
} else {
builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(getApplicationContext());
builder.setPriority(PRIORITY_DEFAULT);
}
//标题
builder.setContentTitle(title);
//文本内容
builder.setContentText(content);
//小图标
builder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
//设置点击信息后自动清除通知
builder.setAutoCancel(true);
return builder;
}
/**
* 发送通知
*/
public void sendNotification(int notifyId, String title, String content) {
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = getNotification(title, content);
getManager().notify(notifyId, builder.build());
}
/**
* 发送带有进度的通知
*/
public void sendNotificationProgress(String title, String content, int progress, PendingIntent intent) {
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = getNotificationProgress(title, content, progress, intent);
getManager().notify(0, builder.build());
}
/**
* 获取带有进度的Notification
*/
private NotificationCompat.Builder getNotificationProgress(String title, String content,
int progress, PendingIntent intent) {
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = null;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(getApplicationContext(), CHANNEL_ID);
} else {
builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(getApplicationContext());
builder.setPriority(PRIORITY_DEFAULT);
}
//标题
builder.setContentTitle(title);
//文本内容
builder.setContentText(content);
//小图标
builder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
//设置大图标,未设置时使用小图标代替,拉下通知栏显示的那个图标
//设置大图片 BitmpFactory.decodeResource(Resource res,int id) 根据给定的资源Id解析成位图
builder.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.mipmap.ic_launcher));
if (progress > 0 && progress < 100) {
//一种是有进度刻度的(false),一种是循环流动的(true)
//设置为false,表示刻度,设置为true,表示流动
builder.setProgress(100, progress, false);
} else {
//0,0,false,可以将进度条隐藏
builder.setProgress(0, 0, false);
builder.setContentText("下载完成");
}
//设置点击信息后自动清除通知
builder.setAutoCancel(true);
//通知的时间
builder.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis());
//设置点击信息后的跳转(意图)
builder.setContentIntent(intent);
return builder;
}
}