【MySQL】ibd2sdi工具介绍和使用
文章目录
- 【MySQL】ibd2sdi工具介绍
-
- ibd2sdi的解析对象
- ibd2sdi的选项参数
- ibd2sdi的输出例
- 参考
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编辑|SQL和数据库技术(ID:SQLplusDB)
【MySQL】ibd2sdi工具介绍
MySQL提供了叫做ibd2sdi的实用工具，可以将InnoDB表的序列化字典信息（SDI）以json的格式输出。
通过这个工具命令我们可以查看 ibd 文件或者在系统崩溃、文件离线的时候进行一定程度的恢复（数据重建等）。
ibd2sdi的解析对象
ibd2sdi可以针对如下对象进行解析，生成json形式的输出：
- file-per-table的表文件表空间文件（*.ibd文件）
- 常规表空间文件（general tablespace *.ibd文件）
- 系统表空间 文件（ system tablespace ibdata*文件）
- 数据字典表空间（mysql.ibd）
注意：ibd2sdi不支持临时（temporary）表空间或UNDO表空间。
ibd2sdi可以在运行时使用，也可以在文件离线时使用。
ibd2sdi的选项参数
ibd2sdi的选项参数可以通过如下查看。
ubuntu@mysql-vm:~$ ibd2sdi
ibd2sdi Ver 8.0.34-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 for Linux on x86_64 ((Ubuntu))
Copyright (c) 2015, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Usage: ibd2sdi [-v] [-c <strict-check>] [-d <dump file name>] [-n] filename1 [filenames]
See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/ibd2sdi.html for usage hints.
-h, --help Display this help and exit.
-v, --version Display version information and exit.
-d, --dump-file=name
Dump the tablespace SDI into the file passed by user.
Without the filename, it will default to stdout
-s, --skip-data Skip retrieving data from SDI records. Retrieve only id
and type.
-i, --id=# Retrieve the SDI record matching the id passed by user.
-t, --type=# Retrieve the SDI records matching the type passed by
user.
-c, --strict-check=name
Specify the strict checksum algorithm by the user.
Allowed values are innodb, crc32, none.
-n, --no-check Ignore the checksum verification.
-p, --pretty Pretty format the SDI output.If false, SDI would be not
human readable but it will be of less size
(Defaults to on; use --skip-pretty to disable.)
Variables (--variable-name=value)
and boolean options {FALSE|TRUE} Value (after reading options)
--------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
dump-file (No default value)
skip-data FALSE
id 0
type 0
strict-check crc32
no-check FALSE
pretty TRUE
ibd2sdi的输出例
mysql> desc actor;
+-------------+-------------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------------+-------------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| actor_id | smallint unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| first_name | varchar(45) | NO | | NULL | |
| last_name | varchar(45) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| last_update | timestamp | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | DEFAULT_GENERATED on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
+-------------+-------------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
我们针对这个表的ibd文件，查看其SDI定义如下：
ubuntu@mysql-vm:~$ sudo ibd2sdi -d table_actor2 /var/lib/mysql/sakila/actor.ibd
ubuntu@mysql-vm:~$ sudo more table_actor2
["ibd2sdi"
,
{
"type": 1,
"id": 428,
"object":
{
"mysqld_version_id": 80032,
"dd_version": 80023,
"sdi_version": 80019,
"dd_object_type": "Table",
"dd_object": {
"name": "actor",
"mysql_version_id": 80032,
"created": 20230430212818,
"last_altered": 20230430212818,
"hidden": 1,
"options": "avg_row_length=0;encrypt_type=N;key_block_size=0;keys_disabled=0;pack_record=1;stats_auto_recalc=0;s
tats_sample_pages=0;",
"columns": [
{
"name": "actor_id",
"type": 3,
"is_nullable": false,
"is_zerofill": false,
"is_unsigned": true,
"is_auto_increment": true,
"is_virtual": false,
"hidden": 1,
"ordinal_position": 1,
"char_length": 5,
"numeric_precision": 5,
"numeric_scale": 0,
"numeric_scale_null": false,
"datetime_precision": 0,
"datetime_precision_null": 1,
"has_no_default": false,
"default_value_null": false,
"srs_id_null": true,
"srs_id": 0,
"default_value": "AAA=",
"default_value_utf8_null": true,
"default_value_utf8": "",
"default_option": "",
"update_option": "",
"comment": "",
"generation_expression": "",
"generation_expression_utf8": "",
"options": "interval_count=0;",
"se_private_data": "table_id=1111;",
"engine_attribute": "",
"secondary_engine_attribute": "",
"column_key": 2,
"column_type_utf8": "smallint unsigned",
"elements": [],
"collation_id": 255,
"is_explicit_collation": false
},
{
"name": "first_name",
"type": 16,
"is_nullable": false,
"is_zerofill": false,
"is_unsigned": false,
"is_auto_increment": false,
"is_virtual": false,
"hidden": 1,
"ordinal_position": 2,
"char_length": 180,
"numeric_precision": 0,
"numeric_scale": 0,
"numeric_scale_null": true,
"datetime_precision": 0,
"datetime_precision_null": 1,
"has_no_default": true,
"default_value_null": false,
"srs_id_null": true,
"srs_id": 0,
"default_value": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA\nAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA\nAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA\nAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==",
"default_value_utf8_null": true,
"default_value_utf8": "",
"default_option": "",
"update_option": "",
"comment": "",
"generation_expression": "",
"generation_expression_utf8": "",
"options": "interval_count=0;",
"se_private_data": "table_id=1111;",
"engine_attribute": "",
"secondary_engine_attribute": "",
"column_key": 1,
"column_type_utf8": "varchar(45)",
"elements": [],
"collation_id": 255,
"is_explicit_collation": false
},
{
"name": "last_name",
"type": 16,
"is_nullable": false,
"is_zerofill": false,
"is_unsigned": false,
"is_auto_increment": false,
"is_virtual": false,
"hidden": 1,
"ordinal_position": 3,
"char_length": 180,
"numeric_precision": 0,
"numeric_scale": 0,
"numeric_scale_null": true,
"datetime_precision": 0,
"datetime_precision_null": 1,
"has_no_default": true,
"default_value_null": false,
"srs_id_null": true,
"srs_id": 0,
"default_value": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA\nAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA\nAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA\nAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==",
"default_value_utf8_null": true,
"default_value_utf8": "",
"default_option": "",
"update_option": "",
"comment": "",
"generation_expression": "",
"generation_expression_utf8": "",
"options": "interval_count=0;",
"se_private_data": "table_id=1111;",
"engine_attribute": "",
"secondary_engine_attribute": "",
"column_key": 4,
"column_type_utf8": "varchar(45)",
"elements": [],
"collation_id": 255,
"is_explicit_collation": false
},
{
"name": "last_update",
"type": 18,
"is_nullable": false,
"is_zerofill": false,
"is_unsigned": false,
"is_auto_increment": false,
"is_virtual": false,
"hidden": 1,
"ordinal_position": 4,
"char_length": 19,
"numeric_precision": 0,
"numeric_scale": 0,
"numeric_scale_null": true,
"datetime_precision": 0,
"datetime_precision_null": 0,
"has_no_default": false,
"default_value_null": false,
"srs_id_null": true,
"srs_id": 0,
"default_value": "AAAAAA==",
"default_value_utf8_null": false,
"default_value_utf8": "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
"default_option": "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
"update_option": "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP",
"comment": "",
"generation_expression": "",
"generation_expression_utf8": "",
"options": "interval_count=0;",
"se_private_data": "table_id=1111;",
"engine_attribute": "",
"secondary_engine_attribute": "",
"column_key": 1,
"column_type_utf8": "timestamp",
"elements": [],
"collation_id": 8,
"is_explicit_collation": false
},
{
"name": "DB_TRX_ID",
"type": 10,
"is_nullable": false,
"is_zerofill": false,
"is_unsigned": false,
"is_auto_increment": false,
"is_virtual": false,
"hidden": 2,
"ordinal_position": 5,
"char_length": 6,
"numeric_precision": 0,
"numeric_scale": 0,
"numeric_scale_null": true,
"datetime_precision": 0,
"datetime_precision_null": 1,
"has_no_default": false,
"default_value_null": true,
"srs_id_null": true,
"srs_id": 0,
"default_value": "",
"default_value_utf8_null": true,
"default_value_utf8": "",
"default_option": "",
"update_option": "",
"comment": "",
"generation_expression": "",
"generation_expression_utf8": "",
"options": "",
"se_private_data": "table_id=1111;",
"engine_attribute": "",
"secondary_engine_attribute": "",
"column_key": 1,
"column_type_utf8": "",
"elements": [],
"collation_id": 63,
"is_explicit_collation": false
},
{
"name": "DB_ROLL_PTR",
"type": 9,
"is_nullable": false,
"is_zerofill": false,
"is_unsigned": false,
"is_auto_increment": false,
"is_virtual": false,
"hidden": 2,
"ordinal_position": 6,
"char_length": 7,
"numeric_precision": 0,
"numeric_scale": 0,
"numeric_scale_null": true,
"datetime_precision": 0,
"datetime_precision_null": 1,
"has_no_default": false,
"default_value_null": true,
"srs_id_null": true,
"srs_id": 0,
"default_value": "",
"default_value_utf8_null": true,
"default_value_utf8": "",
"default_option": "",
"update_option": "",
"comment": "",
"generation_expression": "",
"generation_expression_utf8": "",
"options": "",
"se_private_data": "table_id=1111;",
"engine_attribute": "",
"secondary_engine_attribute": "",
"column_key": 1,
"column_type_utf8": "",
"elements": [],
"collation_id": 63,
"is_explicit_collation": false
}
],
"schema_ref": "sakila",
"se_private_id": 1111,
"engine": "InnoDB",
"last_checked_for_upgrade_version_id": 0,
"comment": "",
"se_private_data": "autoinc=0;version=0;",
"engine_attribute": "",
"secondary_engine_attribute": "",
"row_format": 2,
"partition_type": 0,
"partition_expression": "",
"partition_expression_utf8": "",
"default_partitioning": 0,
"subpartition_type": 0,
"subpartition_expression": "",
"subpartition_expression_utf8": "",
"default_subpartitioning": 0,
"indexes": [
{
"name": "PRIMARY",
"hidden": false,
"is_generated": false,
"ordinal_position": 1,
"comment": "",
"options": "flags=0;",
"se_private_data": "id=241;root=4;space_id=50;table_id=1111;trx_id=4213;",
"type": 1,
"algorithm": 2,
"is_algorithm_explicit": false,
"is_visible": true,
"engine": "InnoDB",
"engine_attribute": "",
"secondary_engine_attribute": "",
"elements": [
{
"ordinal_position": 1,
"length": 2,
"order": 2,
"hidden": false,
"column_opx": 0
},
{
"ordinal_position": 2,
"length": 4294967295,
"order": 2,
"hidden": true,
"column_opx": 4
},
{
"ordinal_position": 3,
"length": 4294967295,
"order": 2,
"hidden": true,
"column_opx": 5
},
{
"ordinal_position": 4,
"length": 4294967295,
"order": 2,
"hidden": true,
"column_opx": 1
},
{
"ordinal_position": 5,
"length": 4294967295,
"order": 2,
"hidden": true,
"column_opx": 2
},
{
"ordinal_position": 6,
"length": 4294967295,
"order": 2,
"hidden": true,
"column_opx": 3
}
],
"tablespace_ref": "sakila/actor"
},
{
"name": "idx_actor_last_name",
"hidden": false,
"is_generated": false,
"ordinal_position": 2,
"comment": "",
"options": "flags=0;",
"se_private_data": "id=242;root=5;space_id=50;table_id=1111;trx_id=4213;",
"type": 3,
"algorithm": 2,
"is_algorithm_explicit": false,
"is_visible": true,
"engine": "InnoDB",
"engine_attribute": "",
"secondary_engine_attribute": "",
"elements": [
{
"ordinal_position": 1,
"length": 180,
"order": 2,
"hidden": false,
"column_opx": 2
},
{
"ordinal_position": 2,
"length": 4294967295,
"order": 2,
"hidden": true,
"column_opx": 0
}
],
"tablespace_ref": "sakila/actor"
}
],
"foreign_keys": [],
"check_constraints": [],
"partitions": [],
"collation_id": 255
}
}
}
,
{
"type": 2,
"id": 55,
"object":
{
"mysqld_version_id": 80032,
"dd_version": 80023,
"sdi_version": 80019,
"dd_object_type": "Tablespace",
"dd_object": {
"name": "sakila/actor",
"comment": "",
"options": "autoextend_size=0;encryption=N;",
"se_private_data": "flags=16417;id=50;server_version=80032;space_version=1;state=normal;",
"engine": "InnoDB",
"engine_attribute": "",
"files": [
{
"ordinal_position": 1,
"filename": "./sakila/actor.ibd",
"se_private_data": "id=50;"
}
]
}
}
}
]
ubuntu@mysql-vm:~$
例2：
ubuntu@mysql-vm:~$ sudo ibd2sdi --skip-data /var/lib/mysql/sakila/actor.ibd
["ibd2sdi"
,
{
"type": 1,
"id": 428
}
,
{
"type": 2,
"id": 55
}
]
ubuntu@mysql-vm:~$
参考
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/serialized-dictionary-information.html
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/ibd2sdi.html
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/import-table.html