在计算中，术语远程桌面是指允许个人计算机的桌面环境在一个系统（通常是PC，但该概念同样适用于服务器）上远程运行的软件或操作系统功能，同时显示在单独的客户端设备。远程桌面应用具有不同的功能。一些允许附加到现有用户的会话（即，正在运行的桌面）和“远程控制”，显示远程控制会话或消隐屏幕。远程接管桌面是一种远程管理。
In computing, the term remote desktop refers to a software or operating system feature that allows a personal computer's desktop environment to be run remotely on one system (usually a PC, but the concept applies equally to a server), while being displayed on a separate client device. Remote desktop applications have varying features. Some allow attaching to an existing user's session (i.e., a running desktop) and "remote controlling", either displaying the remote control session or blanking the screen. Taking over a desktop remotely is a form of remote administration.
1. 分类
2. 协议
Apple Remote Desktop Protocol (ARD) – Original protocol for Apple Remote Desktop on macOS machines.
Appliance Link Protocol (ALP) – a Sun Microsystems-specific protocol featuring audio (play and record), remote printing, remote USB, accelerated video
HP Remote Graphics Software (RGS) – a proprietary protocol designed by Hewlett-Packard specifically for high end workstation remoting and collaboration.
Independent Computing Architecture (ICA) – a proprietary protocol designed by Citrix Systems
NX technology (NoMachine NX) – Cross platform protocol featuring audio, video, remote printing, remote USB, H264-enabled.
PC-over-IP (PCoIP)– a proprietary protocol used by VMware (licensed from Teradici)[2]
Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) – a Windows-specific protocol featuring audio and remote printing
Remote Frame Buffer Protocol (RFB) – A framebuffer level cross-platform protocol that VNC is based on.
SPICE (Simple Protocol for Independent Computing Environments) – remote-display system built for virtual environments by Qumranet, now Red Hat
Splashtop– a high performance remote desktop protocol developed by Splashtop, fully optimized for hardware (H.264) including Intel / AMD chipsets, NVIDIA / ATI GPU & APU, Qualcomm Snapdragon, and NVIDIA Tegra. By optimizing for different profiles of media codecs, Splashtop can deliver high frame rates with low latency, and also low power consumption.
Xpra– a protocol originally developed for forwarding X11 application seamlessly with audio, video, remote printing, etc - extended to support Windows and MacOS servers
X Window System (X11) – a well-established cross-platform protocol mainly used for displaying local applications; X11 is network transparent
3. VNC
TightVNC是一款跨平台的 免费开源 远程桌面软件应用程序。Constantin Kaplinsky开发了TightVNC，使用并扩展了虚拟网络计算（VNC）的RFB协议，允许最终用户远程控制另一台计算机的屏幕。
编码
TightVNC使用所谓的“紧密编码”区域，这提高了低带宽连接的性能。它实际上是JPEG和zlib压缩机制的组合。可以通过宽带连接观看视频并通过TightVNC播放DirectX游戏，尽管帧速率较低。
TightVNC包括VNC衍生产品的许多其他常见功能，例如文件传输功能。
兼容性
TightVNC与VNC的其他客户端和服务器实现交叉兼容; 但是，大多数其他实现不支持紧密编码，因此必须在两端使用TightVNC以充分利用其增强功能。[6]
其中值得注意的增强功能包括文件传输，支持Windows DFMirage镜像驱动程序以检测屏幕更新（节省CPU时间并提高TightVNC的性能），缩放图片的能力以及Unix上的自动SSH隧道。
自2.0测试版以来，TightVNC支持自动缩放，无论主机的分辨率如何，都可以将查看器窗口调整为远程用户桌面大小。
衍生软件
RemoteVNC
RemoteVNC是TightVNC项目的一个分支，并使用Jingle添加NAT和防火墙的自动遍历。
TightVNC便携版
开发人员还制作了该软件的便携版本，同时提供U3和独立下载。
TurboVNC
TurboVNC基于TightVNC 1.3.x，xf4vnc，X.org和TigerVNC代码库，包括许多针对3D和视频工作负载的性能增强和功能。