Unicode中的数学字符

Common Arithmetic & Alebgra

-- means no HTML entity code exists and that a numeric code must be used.

Codes for Common Math Symbols
Character Name Character Entity Num
Entity
Hex 
Entity
LESS THAN < < <
GREATER THAN > > >
LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO
GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO
PLUS OR MINUS ± ± ±
NOT EQUALS
DIVISION SIGN ÷ ÷ ÷
TIMES X × × ×
MINUS
DIVISION SLASH --
FRACTION SLASH &frasl
SQUARE ROOT RADICAL
CUBE ROOT --
FOURTH ROOT --
INFINITY
ALEF INFINITY SYMBOL
FUNCTION ITALIC F ƒ ƒ ƒ
PRIME (single quote)
DOUBLE PRIME (double quote)
TRIPLE PRIME (triple quote) --
THEREFORE (Triangular Dots)
DOT OPERATOR
SUPERSCRIPT TWO ¹ ¹ ¹
SUPERSCRIPT TWO ² ² ²
SUPERSCRIPT THREE ³ ³ ³
LEFT ANGLE BRACKET
RIGHT ANGLE BRACKET
LEFT CEILING BRACKET
RIGHT CEILING BRACKET
LEFT FLOOR BRACKET
RIGHT FLOOR BRACKET
CIRCLED PLUS (Direct Sum)
CIRCLED TIMES (Vector Product)

 

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Superscript and Subscript

HTML

With the Tags

You can use the  tag to create superscript text and  to create su-script text. Or you can use the codes below.

Code: xx+1
Result: xx+1

Code: xi+1
Result: xi+1

With the Codes

Code:  
Result: 

Code: x⁴ 
Result: x⁴

Superscript Chart

Codes for Superscript Characters
Character Name Character Num
Entity
Hex 
Entity
SUPERSCRIPT ZERO
SUPERSCRIPT ONE
Entity Code = ¹
¹ ¹
SUPERSCRIPT TWO 
Entity Code = ²
² ²
SUPERSCRIPT THREE 
Entity Code = ³
³ ³
SUPERSCRIPT FOUR
SUPERSCRIPT FIVE
SUPERSCRIPT SIX
SUPERSCRIPT SEVEN
SUPERSCRIPT EIGHT
SUPERSCRIPT NINE
SUPERSCRIPT PLUS SIGN
SUPERSCRIPT MINUS
SUPERSCRIPT EQUALS SIGN
SUPERSCRIPT LEFT PARENTHESIS
SUPERSCRIPT RIGHT PARENTHESIS
SUPERSCRIPT LATIN SMALL LETTER I
SUPERSCRIPT LATIN SMALL LETTER N

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Subscript Codes

Codes for Subscript Characters
Character Name Character Num
Entity
Hex 
Entity
SUBSCRIPT ZERO
SUBSCRIPT ONE
SUBSCRIPT TWO
SUBSCRIPT THREE
SUBSCRIPT FOUR
SUBSCRIPT FIVE
SUBSCRIPT SIX
SUBSCRIPT SEVEN
SUBSCRIPT EIGHT
SUBSCRIPT NINE
SUBSCRIPT PLUS SIGN
SUBSCRIPT MINUS
SUBSCRIPT EQUALS SIGN
SUBSCRIPT LEFT PARENTHESIS
SUBSCRIPT RIGHT PARENTHESIS
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER A
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER E
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER O
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER I
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER R
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER U
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER V
LATIN SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER X
GREEK SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER BETA
GREEK SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER GAMMA
GREEK SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER RHO
GREEK SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER PHI
GREEK SUBSCRIPT SMALL LETTER CHI

Superscript and Subscript

Check these references for other methods to implement superscript/subscript and extra fractions

  • Superscript/Subscript in Microsoft Word
  • Superscript/Subscript in HTML and CSS

 

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Fractions

These codes allow fractions to be represented with typographically smaller numerators and denominators, but they can be replaced by other ways of typing a fraction (e.g. "1/2"). CSS Styling can also be used to achieve the same effect as described on Got Unicode and Lars Bruzelius.
Note: The code -- means no HTML entity code exists and that a numeric code must be used.

Codes for Fracctions
Character Name Character Entity Num
Entity
Hex 
Entity
VULGAR FRACTION 1/4 ¼ ¼ ¼
VULGAR FRACTION 1/2 ½ ½ ½
VULGAR FRACTION 3/4 ¾ ¾ ¾
VULGAR FRACTION 1/3 --
VULGAR FRACTION 2/3 --
VULGAR FRACTION 1/5 --
VULGAR FRACTION 2/5 --
VULGAR FRACTION 3/5 --
VULGAR FRACTION 4/5 --
VULGAR FRACTION 1/6 --
VULGAR FRACTION 5/6 --
VULGAR FRACTION 1/8 --
VULGAR FRACTION 3/8 --
VULGAR FRACTION 5/8 --
VULGAR FRACTION 7/8 --

 

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Common Statistics

-- means no HTML entity code exists and that a numeric code must be used.

Codes for Statistics Symbols
Character Name Character Entity Num
Entity
Hex 
Entity
LOWER CASE MU (Mean) μ μ μ
LOWER CASE SIGMA (Standard Deviation) σ σ σ
LOWER CASE CHI χ χ χ
CAPITAL PI N-ARY PRODUCT
N-ARY COPRODUCT (upside down capital pi) --

X-Bar, P-Hat and D-Bar

Some codes like that for  (X-bar) are actually a combination of two codes - the base letter x plus a code for the line above (̄: or   ̄). Note that a capital letter (e.g. the D in D-bar) may need to be reduced in size to accomodate the placement of the combining diacritic.

Note: These symbols use combining characters and may not appear correctly in older browsers such as Safari 2.

Statistics Symbols using Combining Diacritics
Character Name Character HTML Code
X-Bar (Average)
P-Hat
D-Bar D̄ D̄

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Measurement Symbols

Common Symbols

Codes for Measurement Symbols
Character Name Character Entity Num
Entity
Hex 
Entity
DEGREE SYMBOL ° ° °
MICRO MU SYMBOL µ µ µ
SINGLE PRIME (feet, degree minutes)
DOUBLE PRIME (inches, degree minutes)
PER MILLE (1/1000th)

 

Calculus

Common Calculus Entity Codes

Codes for Calculus Symbols
Character Name Character Entity Num
Entity
Hex 
Entity
INTEGRAL
PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL
INCREMENT (Difference or capital Delta) Δ Δ
NABLA (Backward Difference, Grad or upside down triangle)

Additional Integral Symbols

These symbols have numeric entity codes only.

Additional Calculus Symbols
Character Name Character Num
Entity
Hex 
Entity
DOUBLE INTEGRAL
TRIPLE INTEGRAL
QUADRUPLE INTEGRAL
CONTOUR INTEGRAL
SURFACE INTEGRAL
VOLUME INTEGRAL
CLOCKWISE INTEGRAL
ANTICLOCKWISE INTEGRAL
CLOCKWISE CONTOUR INTEGRAL
ANTICLOCKWISE CONTOUR INTEGRAL

 

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Letter Symbols

Common Letter Symbols
Character Name Character Entity Num
Entity
Hex 
Entity
INFINITY (Sideways 8)
ALEF INFINITY SYMBOL
WEIERSTRASS POWER SET (Script Capital P)
IMAGINARY NUMBER (Blackletter I)
REAL NUMBER (Blackletter I)
DOUBLE-STRUCK REAL NUMBER (Double R) --
COMPLEX NUMBERS (Double C) --
NATURAL NUMBERS (Double N) --
PRIME NUMBERS (Double P) --
RATIONAL NUMBERS (Double Q) --
INTEGERS (Double Z) --

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Logic & Set Theory

-- means no HTML entity code exists and that a numeric code must be used.

Codes for Logic and Set Theory Symbols
Character Name Character Entity Num
Entity
Hex
Entity
FOR ALL (Upside-down A) ∀ 
COMPLEMENT (Thin C) --
THERE EXISTS (Backwards E) ∃ 
THERE DOES NOT EXIST (Backwards E with slash) --
EMPTY SET (O slash) ∅ 
NOT SYMBOL (Corner) ¬ ¬  ¬
TILDE (Alternate Not Symbol) ˜ ˜  --
LOGICAL AND (Wedge or Upside down V Symbol) ∧ 
LOGICAL OR (V Symbol) ∨ 
XOR --
NAND --
NOR --
INTERSECTION (Cap or Upside Down U) ∩ 
UNION (Cup or U Symbol) ∪ 
ELEMENT OF ∈ 
NOT AN ELEMENT OF ∉ 
SMALL ELEMENT OF --
CONTAINS AS MEMBER ∋ 
DOES NOT CONTAIN AS MEMBER --
SMALL CONTAINS AS MEMBER --
SET MINUS --
SUBSET OF (Sideways U with cap to left) ⊂ 
SUPERSET OF (Sideways U with cap to right) ⊃ 
NOT A SUBSET OF (Subset with Slash) ⊄ 
NOT A SUPERSET OF (Superset with slash) --
SUBSET OF OR EQUAL TO (Subset with line below) ⊆ 
SUPERSET OF OR EQUAL TO (Superset with line below) ⊇ 
NEITHER A SUBSET OF NOR EQUAL TO --
NEITHER A SUPERSET OF NOR EQUAL TO --
SUBSET OF WITH NOT EQUAL TO --
SUPERSET OF WITH NOT EQUAL TO --
DIAMOND OPERATOR 
(Possibility)
--
ASYMPTOTICALLY EQUAL TO
One to one Correspondence
--
NOT ASYMPTOTICALLY EQUAL TO --
MULTISET (U with arrow) --
MULTISET MULTIPLICATION (U with dot in center) --
MULTISET UNION (U with plus in center) --
DOUBLE SUBSET --
DOUBLE SUPERSET --
DOUBLE INTERSECTION --
DOUBLE UNION --
N-ARY LOGICAL AND --
N-ARY LOGICAL OR --
N-ARY INTERSECTION/td> --
N-ARY UNION --
CURLY LOGICAL OR --
CURLY LOGICAL AND --
CIRCLED PLUS (Direct Sum)
CIRCLED TIMES (Vector Product)
CIRCLED MINUS --
CIRCLED DIVISION SLASH --

Other Element Of Symbols

Variants of Element of Symbols
ELEMENT OF WITH LONG HORIZONTAL STROKE
ELEMENT OF WITH VERTICAL BAR AT END OF HORIZONTAL STROKE
SMALL ELEMENT OF WITH VERTICAL BAR AT END OF HORIZONTAL STROKE
ELEMENT OF WITH DOT ABOVE
ELEMENT OF WITH OVERBAR
SMALL ELEMENT OF WITH OVERBAR
ELEMENT OF WITH UNDERBAR
ELEMENT OF WITH TWO HORIZONTAL STROKES
CONTAINS WITH LONG HORIZONTAL STROKE
CONTAINS WITH VERTICAL BAR AT END OF HORIZONTAL STROKE
SMALL CONTAINS WITH VERTICAL BAR AT END OF HORIZONTAL STROKE
CONTAINS WITH OVERBAR
SMALL CONTAINS WITH OVERBAR
NOTATION BAG MEMBERSHIP

 

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Geometric Symbols

Note: The entity code for the Angle Symbol (∠) is &ang; and the code for the perpendicular angle (⊥) is .
Otherwise, these symbols have numeric codes only.

Angles and Lines

Codes for Angle/Line Symbols
Character Name Character Num
Entity
Hex 
Entity
RIGHT ANGLE
ANGLE 
Entity Code = 
MEASURED ANGLE
SPHERICAL ANGLE
DIVIDES
DOES NOT DIVIDE
PARALLEL TO
NOT PARALLEL TO
RIGHT ANGLE WITH ARC
RIGHT TRIANGLE
UP TACK (Perpendicular) 
Entity Code = 
RIGHT TACK
LEFT TACK
DOWN TACK

Logical Proofs

Note: The entity code for the Therefore Symbol (∴) is &there4;. Otherwise, these symbols have numeric codes only.

Codes for Symbols in Proofs
Character Name Character Num
Entity
Hex 
Entity
THEREFORE (Triangular Dots)
Entity Code = &there4;
BECAUSE (Upside down Triangular Dots)
PROPORTIONAL TO
Entity Code = &prop;
END OF PROOF (solid rectangle)

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Common Equivalence and Proportion Operators

Common Equivalence Operators

Codes for Equivalence Statements (e.g. Not Equals)
Character Name Character Entity Num
Entity
Hex 
Entity
NOT EQUALS
APPROXIMATELY EQUAL
ALMOST EQUAL (ASYMPTOTIC)
NOT ALMOST EQUAL TO --
TILDE SIMILAR TO
IDENTICAL TO (three lines)
NOT IDENTICAL TO --

Other Equivalence Symbols

Character Name Character Num
Entity
Hex 
Entity
STRICTLY EQUIVALENT TO
NOT IDENTICAL TO
LESS-THAN OVER EQUAL TO
GREATER-THAN OVER EQUAL TO
LESS-THAN BUT NOT EQUAL TO
GREATER-THAN BUT NOT EQUAL TO
MUCH LESS-THAN
MUCH GREATER-THAN
BETWEEN
NOT EQUIVALENT TO
NOT LESS-THAN
NOT GREATER-THAN
NEITHER LESS-THAN NOR EQUAL TO
NEITHER GREATER-THAN NOR EQUAL TO
LESS-THAN OR EQUIVALENT TO
GREATER-THAN OR EQUIVALENT TO
NEITHER LESS-THAN NOR EQUIVALENT TO
NEITHER GREATER-THAN NOR EQUIVALENT TO
LESS-THAN OR GREATER-THAN
GREATER-THAN OR LESS-THAN
NEITHER LESS-THAN NOR GREATER-THAN
NEITHER GREATER-THAN NOR LESS-THAN
NOT TILDE
MINUS TILDE
ASYMPTOTICALLY EQUAL TO
NOT ASYMPTOTICALLY EQUAL TO
APPROXIMATELY BUT NOT ACTUALLY EQUAL TO
NEITHER APPROXIMATELY NOR ACTUALLY EQUAL TO
NOT ALMOST EQUAL TO
ALMOST EQUAL OR EQUAL TO
TRIPLE TILDE
ALL EQUAL TO

 

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Other Mathematical Symbols

These symbols have numeric codes only.

Character Name Character Entity Hex Entity
MINUS-OR-PLUS SIGN
DOT PLUS
ASTERISK OPERATOR
RING OPERATOR
BULLET OPERATOR
PROPORTIONAL TO
RATIO
PROPORTION
DOT MINUS
EXCESS
GEOMETRIC PROPORTION
HOMOTHETIC
TILDE OPERATOR
REVERSED TILDE
INVERTED LAZY S
SINE WAVE
WREATH PRODUCT
EQUIVALENT TO
GEOMETRICALLY EQUIVALENT TO
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
APPROACHES THE LIMIT
GEOMETRICALLY EQUAL TO
APPROXIMATELY EQUAL TO OR THE IMAGE OF
IMAGE OF OR APPROXIMATELY EQUAL TO
COLON EQUALS
EQUALS COLON
RING IN EQUAL TO
RING EQUAL TO
CORRESPONDS TO
ESTIMATES
EQUIANGULAR TO
STAR EQUALS
DELTA EQUAL TO
EQUAL TO BY DEFINITION
MEASURED BY
QUESTIONED EQUAL TO
PRECEDES
SUCCEEDS
PRECEDES OR EQUAL TO
SUCCEEDS OR EQUAL TO
PRECEDES OR EQUIVALENT TO
SUCCEEDS OR EQUIVALENT TO
DOES NOT PRECEDE
DOES NOT SUCCEED
SQUARE IMAGE OF
SQUARE ORIGINAL OF
SQUARE IMAGE OF OR EQUAL TO
SQUARE ORIGINAL OF OR EQUAL TO
SQUARE CAP
SQUARE CUP
CIRCLED PLUS
CIRCLED MINUS
CIRCLED TIMES
CIRCLED DIVISION SLASH
CIRCLED DOT OPERATOR
CIRCLED RING OPERATOR
CIRCLED ASTERISK OPERATOR
CIRCLED EQUALS
CIRCLED DASH
SQUARED PLUS
SQUARED MINUS
SQUARED TIMES
SQUARED DOT OPERATOR
ASSERTION
MODELS
TRUE
FORCES
TRIPLE VERTICAL BAR RIGHT TURNSTILE
DOUBLE VERTICAL BAR DOUBLE RIGHT TURNSTILE
DOES NOT PROVE
NOT TRUE
DOES NOT FORCE
NEGATED DOUBLE VERTICAL BAR DOUBLE RIGHT TURNSTILE
PRECEDES UNDER RELATION
SUCCEEDS UNDER RELATION
NORMAL SUBGROUP OF
CONTAINS AS NORMAL SUBGROUP
NORMAL SUBGROUP OF OR EQUAL TO
CONTAINS AS NORMAL SUBGROUP OR EQUAL TO
ORIGINAL OF
IMAGE OF
MULTIMAP
HERMITIAN CONJUGATE MATRIX
INTERCALATE
DIAMOND OPERATOR
DOT OPERATOR
STAR OPERATOR
DIVISION TIMES
BOWTIE
LEFT NORMAL FACTOR SEMIDIRECT PRODUCT
RIGHT NORMAL FACTOR SEMIDIRECT PRODUCT
LEFT SEMIDIRECT PRODUCT
RIGHT SEMIDIRECT PRODUCT
REVERSED TILDE EQUALS
PITCHFORK
EQUAL AND PARALLEL TO
LESS-THAN WITH DOT
GREATER-THAN WITH DOT
VERY MUCH LESS-THAN
VERY MUCH GREATER-THAN
LESS-THAN EQUAL TO OR GREATER-THAN
GREATER-THAN EQUAL TO OR LESS-THAN
EQUAL TO OR LESS-THAN
EQUAL TO OR GREATER-THAN
EQUAL TO OR PRECEDES
EQUAL TO OR SUCCEEDS
DOES NOT PRECEDE OR EQUAL
DOES NOT SUCCEED OR EQUAL
NOT SQUARE IMAGE OF OR EQUAL TO
NOT SQUARE ORIGINAL OF OR EQUAL TO
SQUARE IMAGE OF OR NOT EQUAL TO
SQUARE ORIGINAL OF OR NOT EQUAL TO
LESS-THAN BUT NOT EQUIVALENT TO
GREATER-THAN BUT NOT EQUIVALENT TO
PRECEDES BUT NOT EQUIVALENT TO
SUCCEEDS BUT NOT EQUIVALENT TO
NOT NORMAL SUBGROUP OF
DOES NOT CONTAIN AS NORMAL SUBGROUP
NOT NORMAL SUBGROUP OF OR EQUAL TO
DOES NOT CONTAIN AS NORMAL SUBGROUP OR EQUAL
VERTICAL ELLIPSIS
MIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS
UP RIGHT DIAGONAL ELLIPSIS
DOWN RIGHT DIAGONAL ELLIPSIS


  更多信息请 参考 http://tlt.its.psu.edu/suggestions/international/bylanguage/index.html

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