python实现加密解密功能

# 导入所需的模块
import base64
import string
import random

# 定义加密函数
def encrypt(text):
    # 把字符串转换成字节类型
    raw = text.encode('utf-8')
    # 生成一个随机的密钥
    key = ''.join(random.sample(string.ascii_letters + string.digits, 8))
    # 对字节和密钥进行异或运算
    cipher = [chr(a ^ b) for a, b in zip(raw, key.encode('utf-8'))]
    # 将加密后的字节编码成base64编码
    cipher = base64.b64encode(''.join(cipher).encode('utf-8'))
    # 返回base64编码和密钥
    return cipher, key

# 定义解密函数
def decrypt(cipher, key):
    # 将base64编码解码成字节
    cipher = base64.b64decode(cipher).decode('utf-8')
    # 将字节和密钥进行异或运算
    plain = [chr(a ^ b) for a, b in zip(cipher.encode('utf-8'), key.encode('utf-8'))]
    # 返回解密后的字符串
    return ''.join(plain)

# 测试
text = '20180301'
cipher, key = encrypt(text)
print('加密后的字符串：', cipher)
print('密钥：', key)
plain = decrypt(cipher, key)
print('解密后的字符串：', plain)