docker环境下，nginx容器无法启动的解决方法，很实用
有时候，在配置docer容器内的配置文件的时候，出现错误，导致容器无法启动，此时有两种方法进行急救。
1.cp大法
你知道而且确定是哪个配置文件的问题，你可以将容器内的配置文件复制到本机，进行修改，然后再复制到容器中进行启动容器操作。
#nginx也可以是容器id
docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf ./ ###这里是将容器内文件复制到本地当前目录
docker cp ./default.conf nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d/ ###这里是将本地当前目录的default.conf复制到容器内指定目录
确定没问题就可以用docker start nginx 看容器是否能启动
如果不行，则需要继续修改配置文件
2.直接进入到容器内的虚拟目录进行修改。
#其中nginx也可以是容器id
docker inspect nginx
#结果如下
[
{
"Id": "f94ac2d60a37d3f7357d6584c17c076165f14cfce8efdf09cf2f26cf077d4f53",
"Created": "2022-01-20T03:43:12.469011952Z",
"Path": "nginx",
"Args": [
"-g",
"daemon off;"
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 37586,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2022-01-20T07:50:05.452446525Z",
"FinishedAt": "2022-01-20T07:40:15.682771701Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:53f3fd8007f76bd23bf663ad5f5009c8941f63828ae458cef584b5f85dc0a7bf",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/f94ac2d60a37d3f7357d6584c17c076165f14cfce8efdf09cf2f26cf077d4f53/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/f94ac2d60a37d3f7357d6584c17c076165f14cfce8efdf09cf2f26cf077d4f53/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/f94ac2d60a37d3f7357d6584c17c076165f14cfce8efdf09cf2f26cf077d4f53/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/f94ac2d60a37d3f7357d6584c17c076165f14cfce8efdf09cf2f26cf077d4f53/f94ac2d60a37d3f7357d6584c17c076165f14cfce8efdf09cf2f26cf077d4f53-json.log",
"Name": "/nginx",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "docker-default",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": [
"/var/wwwroot:/www"
],
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "php-net",
"PortBindings": {
"80/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "",
"HostPort": "80"
}
]
},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"CgroupnsMode": "private",
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": null,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f8fe847ff8f849359d483da256a09890bfade6d0d5ebebc0f415bf081698e445-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d2e65fe228acd5e4d716fbf80a27e6f62097ed0242308fbd4b65f097b7a06070/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/abacc4dc89265295c3df401232481d780611c75fcad3f1a6231d6f47270be30a/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/03f340d741e8351f04eb6e5b989bc7580fc7d1c59f5dc33136615ff94057195e/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f8fe847ff8f849359d483da256a09890bfade6d0d5ebebc0f415bf081698e445/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f8fe847ff8f849359d483da256a09890bfade6d0d5ebebc0f415bf081698e445/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f8fe847ff8f849359d483da256a09890bfade6d0d5ebebc0f415bf081698e445/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [
{
"Type": "bind",
"Source": "/var/wwwroot",
"Destination": "/www",
"Mode": "",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": "rprivate"
}
],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "f94ac2d60a37",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"ExposedPorts": {
"80/tcp": {}
},
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
"NGINX_VERSION=1.15.12-1~stretch",
"NJS_VERSION=1.15.12.0.3.1-1~stretch"
],
"Cmd": [
"nginx",
"-g",
"daemon off;"
],
"Image": "nginx:1.15",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"maintainer": "NGINX Docker Maintainers "
},
"StopSignal": "SIGTERM"
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "f6ad37af3ec53cdd246a99360cc0c0594b657d87d9a3b9a46bfa2ae6625f9d21",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {
"80/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
"HostPort": "80"
},
{
"HostIp": "::",
"HostPort": "80"
}
]
},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/f6ad37af3ec5",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "",
"Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "",
"IPPrefixLen": 0,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "",
"Networks": {
"php-net": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": [
"f94ac2d60a37"
],
"NetworkID": "5f5358edfd195d0f584a6bbfe67615368951a230cf58cc5ae41e7ff4df0018c4",
"EndpointID": "156e6b15db92d014cdc145441990ef21479a011c538b7375aaa10a396822c1b0",
"Gateway": "172.18.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.18.0.3",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:03",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
找到 MergedDir，然后cd 进入，如果提示找不到目录，则将最后一级目录删除再试试，不行继续删除，直到能进入，然后一级级的cd到刚刚删除的目录，等你cd进入到MergedDir目录的时候会发现，这里不就是容器里面的目录么，那么接下来就很容易了，只需要进行修改文件就可以了。
个人推荐第一种方法，这样虽然麻烦，但是修改的东西最少，不会影响其他的功能。