根据我们不同的处理方法,返回的数据格式都会不同,例如添加只返回true|false,删除同理,而查询却返回数据。
为此我们封装一个result类来用于表现层的返回。
public class Result {
//描述统一格式中的数据
private Object data;
//描述统一格式中的编码,用于区分操作,可以简化配置0或1表示成功失败
private Integer code;
//描述统一格式中的消息,可选属性
private String msg;
public Result() {
}
public Result(Integer code,Object data) {
this.data = data;
this.code = code;
}
public Result(Integer code, Object data, String msg) {
this.data = data;
this.code = code;
this.msg = msg;
}
public Object getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(Object data) {
this.data = data;
}
public Integer getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(Integer code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}
}
Code类不是固定的,是商量好的一种编号,每种编号对应业务操作的不同状态。
public class Code {
//Code类的常量设计也不是固定的,可以根据需要自行增减。
public static final Integer SAVE_OK = 20011;
public static final Integer DELETE_OK = 20021;
public static final Integer UPDATE_OK = 20031;
public static final Integer GET_OK = 20041;
public static final Integer SAVE_ERR = 20010;
public static final Integer DELETE_ERR = 20020;
public static final Integer UPDATE_ERR = 20030;
public static final Integer GET_ERR = 20040;
}
//统一每一个控制器方法返回值
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
private BookService bookService;
@PostMapping
public Result save(@RequestBody Book book) {
boolean flag = bookService.save(book);
return new Result(flag ? Code.SAVE_OK:Code.SAVE_ERR,flag);
}
@PutMapping
public Result update(@RequestBody Book book) {
boolean flag = bookService.update(book);
return new Result(flag ? Code.UPDATE_OK:Code.UPDATE_ERR,flag);
}
@DeleteMapping("/{id}")
public Result delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {
boolean flag = bookService.delete(id);
return new Result(flag ? Code.DELETE_OK:Code.DELETE_ERR,flag);
}
@GetMapping("/{id}")
public Result getById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
Book book = bookService.getById(id);
Integer code = book != null ? Code.GET_OK : Code.GET_ERR;
String msg = book != null ? "" : "数据查询失败,请重试!";
return new Result(code,book,msg);
}
@GetMapping
public Result getAll() {
List bookList = bookService.getAll();
Integer code = bookList != null ? Code.GET_OK : Code.GET_ERR;
String msg = bookList != null ? "" : "数据查询失败,请重试!";
return new Result(code,bookList,msg);
}
}
对于Dao层(数据层),Service层(服务层),Controller(业务控制层)等,所抛出的异常应该统一到业务控制层来处理。
@RestControllerAdvice注解可以声明一个类为异常处理器类
@ExceptionHandler注解是定义当前方法用于处理哪一种异常,通过形参可以把异常传进来
自定义异常都要继承RuntimeException这个类,这个类的父类是Exception,这个类是运行异常类,碰到了自动往业务层传递异常。
//自定义异常处理器,用于封装异常信息,对异常进行分类
public class BusinessException extends RuntimeException{
private Integer code;
public Integer getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(Integer code) {
this.code = code;
}
//自动实现的构造方法有很多,只不过这两种实用
public BusinessException(Integer code, String message) {
super(message);
this.code = code;
}
public BusinessException(Integer code, String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
this.code = code;
}
}
//自定义异常处理器,用于封装异常信息,对异常进行分类
public class SystemException extends RuntimeException{
private Integer code;
public Integer getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(Integer code) {
this.code = code;
}
public SystemException(Integer code, String message) {
super(message);
this.code = code;
}
public SystemException(Integer code, String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
this.code = code;
}
}
public static final Integer SYSTEM_ERR = 50001;
public static final Integer SYSTEM_TIMEOUT_ERR = 50002;
public static final Integer SYSTEM_UNKNOW_ERR = 59999;
public static final Integer BUSINESS_ERR = 60002;
拦截并处理异常
//@RestControllerAdvice用于标识当前类为REST风格对应的异常处理器
@RestControllerAdvice
public class ProjectExceptionAdvice {
//@ExceptionHandler用于设置当前处理器类对应的异常类型
@ExceptionHandler(SystemException.class)
public Result doSystemException(SystemException ex){
//记录日志
//发送消息给运维
//发送邮件给开发人员,ex对象发送给开发人员
return new Result(ex.getCode(),null,ex.getMessage()); //规范返回结果
}
@ExceptionHandler(BusinessException.class)
public Result doBusinessException(BusinessException ex){
return new Result(ex.getCode(),null,ex.getMessage());
}
//除了自定义的异常处理器,保留对Exception类型的异常处理,用于处理非预期的异常
@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
public Result doOtherException(Exception ex){
//记录日志
//发送消息给运维
//发送邮件给开发人员,ex对象发送给开发人员
return new Result(Code.SYSTEM_UNKNOW_ERR,null,"系统繁忙,请稍后再试!");
}
}