docker系列(9) - docker-compose

9. compose编排

9.1 介绍

多服务部署工具，通过一个docker-compose.yml模板文件，定义一组关联的应用容器为一个项目。
简单来说，就是当我们一个项目有多个服务需要启动时，通过docker-compose直接一键启动，就可以将所有相关的服务同时启动或者停止。

9.2 安装

参考官方安装文档：https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/linux/
以下两种方式都可以：
第一种：包管理器安装

sudo yum install docker-compose-plugin

第二种：手工安装

curl -SL https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.20.3/docker-compose-linux-x86_64 -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

# 通常不需要执行这句
#sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose

#查看版本
docker-compose --version

#卸载方法
sudo rm /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

9.3 compose常用命令

说明	命令
docker-compose -h	帮助
docker-compose up	启动所有docker-compose服务
docker-compose up -d	启动所有docker-compose服务并后台运行
docker-compose down	停止并删除容器，网络，卷，镜像
docker-compose exec yml里面的服务id	进入容器内部，停止并删除容器，网络，卷，镜像
docker-compose ps	展示当前运行的所有容器
docker-compose top	展示当前运行的容器进程
docker-compose logs yml的服务id	查看容器输出日志
docker-compose config	检查配置
docker-compose config -q	检查配置,有问题才输出
docker-compose restart	重启服务
docker-compose start	启动服务
docker-compose stop	停止服务

9.4 编排微服务

使用docker-compose来启动springboot项目。
使用到springboot、redis、mysql组件。

9.4.1 准备docker-compose.yml

注意需要提前准备下面这些：
redis配置文件： /docker/redis/redis.conf
springboot： 使用7.6.3中打包的镜像springboot:1.0
mysql的配置文件：/docker/mysql/conf/my.cnf

version: "3"

services: 
  bootService:
    build: .
    image: springboot:1.0
    container_name: springboot
    environment:
      SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE: prod
    ports:
      - "9002:9002"
    volumes:
      - /app/microService:/data
    networks:
      - bridge
    depends_on:
      - redis
      - mysql

  redis:
    image: redis:6.2.13
    container_name: redis
    privileged: true
    ports:
      - 6379:6379
    environment:
      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
      - TAKE_FILE_OWNERSHIP=true
    volumes:
      - /docker/redis/data:/data 
      - /docker/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf
    networks:
      - bridge
    command: redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf 
  
  mysql:
    image: mysql:5.7
    container_name: mysql
    privileged: true
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    networks:
      - bridge
    volumes:
      - /docker/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql 
      - /docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql
      - /docker/mysql/conf/:/etc/mysql/conf.d
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: "root"
      MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: "no"
    command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password #解决外部无法访问

networks:
  bridge: 

9.4.2 启动服务

# 先检查配置是否有异常
docker-compose config -q

# 启动所有容器
#第一次测试可以不使用-d
docker-compose up   

一切正常，转为后台运行

# 先移除所有的
docker-compose down

# 再后台运行
docker-compose -d up

9.4.3 测试验证

Commands:
  build       Build or rebuild services
  config      Parse, resolve and render compose file in canonical format
  cp          Copy files/folders between a service container and the local filesystem
  create      Creates containers for a service.
  down        Stop and remove containers, networks
  events      Receive real time events from containers.
  exec        Execute a command in a running container.
  images      List images used by the created containers
  kill        Force stop service containers.
  logs        View output from containers
  ls          List running compose projects
  pause       Pause services
  port        Print the public port for a port binding.
  ps          List containers
  pull        Pull service images
  push        Push service images
  restart     Restart service containers
  rm          Removes stopped service containers
  run         Run a one-off command on a service.
  start       Start services
  stop        Stop services
  top         Display the running processes
  unpause     Unpause services
  up          Create and start containers
  version     Show the Docker Compose version information
  wait        Block until the first service container stops

例如重启服务：

# 查看服务
docker-compose ls

#重启服务
docker-compose restart bootService

# 启动服务
docker-compose start bootService

# 停止服务
docker-compose stop bootService