Kubernetes Dashboard部署
安装部署Kubernetes Dashboard (补充解决官方出现的一些RBAC CERT等问题)
官方文档：https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard
参考文章：https://kuboard.cn/install/install-k8s-dashboard.html#
前言
Kubernetes Dashboard 是 Kubernetes 的官方 Web UI。使用 Kubernetes Dashboard，你可以：
-
向 Kubernetes 集群部署容器化应用
-
诊断容器化应用的问题
-
管理集群的资源
-
查看集群上所运行的应用程序
-
创建、修改Kubernetes 上的资源（例如 Deployment、Job、DaemonSet等）
-
展示集群上发生的错误
例如：您可以伸缩一个 Deployment、执行滚动更新、重启一个 Pod 或部署一个新的应用程序
1. 准备安装kubernetes dashboard的yaml文件
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta4/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
Kubernetes Dashboard 默认部署时，只配置了最低权限的 RBAC
参考文档：https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/blob/master/docs/user/access-control/creating-sample-user.md
2. 创建 serviceaccount
[@kube-test.master.mango.com ~/manifests/dashboard]# cat dashboard-sa.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: dashboard-admin
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
3. 创建clusterrolebinding为dashboard sa授权集群权限cluster-admin
[@kube-test.master.mango.com ~/manifests/dashboard]# cat dashboard-clusterrolebinding.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: dashboard-admin
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: dashboard-admin
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
4. 启动服务
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml dashboard-sa.yaml dashboard-clusterrolebinding.yaml
5. 访问
修改kubernetes-dashboard namespace中的svc kubernetes-dashboard 的spec.type为NodePort，便于我们从集群外使用浏览器访问dashboard
- 方法1. 修改 recommended.yaml文件
service段配置更改如下：(nodePort: 30001可以省略，缺省则为随机端口，服务启动后使用kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard查看)
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
nodePort: 30001
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
- 方法2. 热更新打补丁的方式修改svc
kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard patch svc kubernetes-dashboard -p '{"spec":{"type":"NodePort"}}'
此时通过chrome浏览器访问https://ip:30001
换成火狐或者360浏览器可以
显然，无法正常访问，k8s旧版本可能不存在此问题，使用Firefox浏览器添加例外可能可以跳过证书问题，但这里我们使用重新制作自签证书，重建secret，更新证书，解决此错误
6. 解决证书过期问题
- 为dashboard制作自签证书
[@kube-test.master.mango.com ~]# (umask 077; openssl genrsa -out dashboard.key 2048)
[@kube-test.master.mango.com ~]# openssl req -key dashboard.key -out dashboard.csr -subj "/O=mango/CN=dashboard"
[@kube-test.master.mango.com ~]# openssl req -new -key dashboard.key -out dashboard.csr -subj "/O=mango/CN=dashboard"
[@kube-test.master.mango.com ~]# openssl x509 -req -in dashboard.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out dashboard.crt -days 3650
- 修改官方的recommended.yaml文件
删除secret部分：
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
---
这里顺便修改一下service资源对象，更改为nodeport类型
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
nodePort: 30001
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
---
7. 重新部署dashboard
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml dashboard-sa.yaml dashboard-clusterrolebinding.yaml
8. 创建dashboard的secret
kubectl create secret generic kubernetes-dashboard-certs -n kubernetes-dashboard --from-file=dashboard.crt=./dashboard.crt --from-file=dashboard.key=./dashboard.key
9. 查看服务状态
[@kube-test.master.mango.com ~/manifests/dashboard]# kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper ClusterIP 10.96.73.251 8000/TCP 58m
kubernetes-dashboard NodePort 10.96.236.10 443:30001/TCP 58m
10. 浏览器访问
https://ip:30001
11. 获取验证token
[@kube-test.master.mango.com ~/manifests/dashboard]# kubectl describe secret -n kubernetes-dashboard $(kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard | grep dashboard-admin | awk '{print $1}')
Name: dashboard-admin-token-n7795
Namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
Labels:
Annotations: kubernetes.io/service-account.name: dashboard-admin
kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 286e2ee6-b03d-4e65-a386-7b0a9d03d47d
Type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token
Data
====
ca.crt: 1025 bytes
namespace: 20 bytes
token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IiJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLWRhc2hib2FyZCIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJkYXNoYm9hcmQtYWRtaW4tdG9rZW4tbjc3OTUiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC5uYW1lIjoiZGFzaGJvYXJkLWFkbWluIiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZXJ2aWNlLWFjY291bnQudWlkIjoiMjg2ZTJlZTYtYjAzZC00ZTY1LWEzODYtN2IwYTlkMDNkNDdkIiwic3ViIjoic3lzdGVtOnNlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Omt1YmVybmV0ZXMtZGFzaGJvYXJkOmRhc2hib2FyZC1hZG1pbiJ9.koV8lmBHo49jj1Nzrp1CjyiAKuU_7vxYmdsxkQPpjAi-WyZ8IJt3Al85l07HNY48m9nK-3w1yDIPYxoXNDTLVO88enk1JMqmvXrsbeyGHOLm3z5SwS8W7mCP22JO_A9dFDupGQ26MIE0quJhQ0MkgzAGVRpRjrgFqY4upi8_2j6VISgcVS6tG-do6TBZrv2fv6VKhn0njJ4Y2oc3ZxU4_nd4_2tsoAQS9LtZrOUbiF8xmNVSyUFZGF7JxpeW1JFpAtbUruQUC0sPGKfJ9vSKeDlIF3QV9frw4v8J7Roi1IoavKfRmzfNbWtiiu3S59GDgd_w5mP9k9H6f1ryz69Zgg
复制token填写至令牌处
