figure 使用默认属性值创建一个新的图窗窗口。生成的图窗为当前图窗。f = figure(___)
返回 Figure 对象。可使用 f 在创建图窗后查询或修改其属性。figure(f) 将 f 指定的图窗作为当前图窗,并将其显示在其他所有图窗的上面。
figure(n) 查找 Number 属性等于 n 的图窗,并将其作为当前图窗。如果不存在具有该属性值的图窗,MATLAB® 将创建一个新图窗并将其 Number 属性设置为 n。
指定图窗标题
创建一个图窗并指定 Name 属性。默认情况下,生成的标题包含图窗编号。
figure('Name','Measured Data');
再次指定 Name 属性,但这次将 NumberTitle 属性设置为 ‘off’。生成的标题不包含图窗编号。
figure('Name','Measured Data','NumberTitle','off');
将背景色设置为白色
figure('Color','white')
figure 属性
Alphamap: [1×64 double]
BeingDeleted: off
BusyAction: 'queue'
ButtonDownFcn: ''
Children: [0×0 GraphicsPlaceholder]
Clipping: on
CloseRequestFcn: 'closereq'
Color: [0.9400 0.9400 0.9400]
Colormap: [256×3 double]
ContextMenu: [0×0 GraphicsPlaceholder]
CreateFcn: ''
CurrentAxes: [0×0 GraphicsPlaceholder]
CurrentCharacter: ''
CurrentObject: [0×0 GraphicsPlaceholder]
CurrentPoint: [0 0]
DeleteFcn: ''
DockControls: on
FileName: ''
GraphicsSmoothing: on
HandleVisibility: 'on'
Icon: ''
InnerPosition: [488 342 560 420]
IntegerHandle: on
Interruptible: on
InvertHardcopy: on
KeyPressFcn: ''
KeyReleaseFcn: ''
MenuBar: 'figure' (默认) | 'none'
Name: 'Measured Data'
NextPlot: 'add'
Number: 2
NumberTitle: on
OuterPosition: [481 334.6000 574.4000 508.8000]
PaperOrientation: 'portrait'
PaperPosition: [1.3333 3.3125 5.8333 4.3750]
PaperPositionMode: 'auto'
PaperSize: [8.5000 11]
PaperType: 'usletter'
PaperUnits: 'inches'
Parent: [1×1 Root]
Pointer: 'arrow'
PointerShapeCData: [16×16 double]
PointerShapeHotSpot: [1 1]
Position: [488 342 560 420]
Renderer: 'opengl'
RendererMode: 'auto'
Resize: on
Scrollable: off
SelectionType: 'normal'
SizeChangedFcn: ''
Tag: ''
ToolBar: 'auto'
Type: 'figure'
Units: 'pixels'
UserData: []
Visible: on
WindowButtonDownFcn: ''
WindowButtonMotionFcn: ''
WindowButtonUpFcn: ''
WindowKeyPressFcn: ''
WindowKeyReleaseFcn: ''
WindowScrollWheelFcn: ''
WindowState: 'normal' (默认) | 'minimized' | 'maximized' | 'fullscreen'
WindowStyle: 'normal' (默认) | 'modal' | 'docked'
ALim: [0 1]
ALimMode: 'auto'
AlphaScale: 'linear'
Alphamap: [1×64 double]
AmbientLightColor: [1 1 1]
BeingDeleted: off
Box: off
BoxStyle: 'back'
BusyAction: 'queue'
ButtonDownFcn: ''
CLim: [0 1]
CLimMode: 'auto'
CameraPosition: [0.5000 0.5000 9.1603]
CameraPositionMode: 'auto'
CameraTarget: [0.5000 0.5000 0.5000]
CameraTargetMode: 'auto'
CameraUpVector: [0 1 0]
CameraUpVectorMode: 'auto'
CameraViewAngle: 6.6086
CameraViewAngleMode: 'auto'
Children: [0×0 GraphicsPlaceholder]
Clipping: on
ClippingStyle: '3dbox'
Color: [1 1 1]
ColorOrder: [7×3 double]
ColorOrderIndex: 1
ColorScale: 'linear'
Colormap: [256×3 double]
ContextMenu: [0×0 GraphicsPlaceholder]
CreateFcn: ''
CurrentPoint: [2×3 double]
DataAspectRatio: [1 1 1]
DataAspectRatioMode: 'auto'
DeleteFcn: ''
FontAngle: 'normal'
FontName: 'Helvetica'
FontSize: 10
FontSizeMode: 'auto'
FontSmoothing: on
FontUnits: 'points'
FontWeight: 'normal'
GridAlpha: 0.1500
GridAlphaMode: 'auto'
GridColor: [0.1500 0.1500 0.1500]
GridColorMode: 'auto'
GridLineStyle: '-'
HandleVisibility: 'on'
HitTest: on
InnerPosition: [0.1300 0.1100 0.7750 0.8150]
Interactions: [1×1 matlab.graphics.interaction.interface.DefaultAxesInteractionSet]
Interruptible: on
LabelFontSizeMultiplier: 1.1000
Layer: 'bottom'
Layout: [0×0 matlab.ui.layout.LayoutOptions]
Legend: [0×0 GraphicsPlaceholder]
LineStyleOrder: '-'
LineStyleOrderIndex: 1
LineWidth: 0.5000
MinorGridAlpha: 0.2500
MinorGridAlphaMode: 'auto'
MinorGridColor: [0.1000 0.1000 0.1000]
MinorGridColorMode: 'auto'
MinorGridLineStyle: ':'
NextPlot: 'replace'
NextSeriesIndex: 1
OuterPosition: [0 0 1 1]
Parent: [1×1 Figure]
PickableParts: 'visible'
PlotBoxAspectRatio: [1 0.7882 0.7882]
PlotBoxAspectRatioMode: 'auto'
Position: [0.1300 0.1100 0.7750 0.8150]
PositionConstraint: 'outerposition'
Projection: 'orthographic'
Selected: off
SelectionHighlight: on
SortMethod: 'childorder'
Subtitle: [1×1 Text]
SubtitleFontWeight: 'normal'
Tag: ''
TickDir: 'in'
TickDirMode: 'auto'
TickLabelInterpreter: 'tex'
TickLength: [0.0100 0.0250]
TightInset: [0.0438 0.0527 0.0171 0.0200]
Title: [1×1 Text]
TitleFontSizeMultiplier: 1.1000
TitleFontWeight: 'bold'
TitleHorizontalAlignment: 'center'
Toolbar: [1×1 AxesToolbar]
Type: 'axes'
Units: 'normalized'
UserData: []
View: [0 90]
Visible: on
XAxis: [1×1 NumericRuler]
XAxisLocation: 'bottom'
XColor: [0.1500 0.1500 0.1500]
XColorMode: 'auto'
XDir: 'normal'
XGrid: off
XLabel: [1×1 Text]
XLim: [0 1]
XLimMode: 'auto'
XLimitMethod: 'tickaligned'
XMinorGrid: off
XMinorTick: off
XScale: 'linear'
XTick: [1×11 double]
XTickLabel: {11×1 cell}
XTickLabelMode: 'auto'
XTickLabelRotation: 0
XTickMode: 'auto'
YAxis: [1×1 NumericRuler]
YAxisLocation: 'left'
YColor: [0.1500 0.1500 0.1500]
YColorMode: 'auto'
YDir: 'normal'
YGrid: off
YLabel: [1×1 Text]
YLim: [0 1]
YLimMode: 'auto'
YLimitMethod: 'tickaligned'
YMinorGrid: off
YMinorTick: off
YScale: 'linear'
YTick: [1×11 double]
YTickLabel: {11×1 cell}
YTickLabelMode: 'auto'
YTickLabelRotation: 0
YTickMode: 'auto'
ZAxis: [1×1 NumericRuler]
ZColor: [0.1500 0.1500 0.1500]
ZColorMode: 'auto'
ZDir: 'normal'
ZGrid: off
ZLabel: [1×1 Text]
ZLim: [0 1]
ZLimMode: 'auto'
ZLimitMethod: 'tickaligned'
ZMinorGrid: off
ZMinorTick: off
ZScale: 'linear'
ZTick: [0 0.5000 1]
ZTickLabel: ''
ZTickLabelMode: 'auto'
ZTickLabelRotation: 0
ZTickMode: 'auto'
MATLAB 中 Figure 窗口可以监听鼠标事件。常见的鼠标事件:
鼠标按下:WindowButtonDownFcn
set(fig, 'WindowButtonDownFcn', @mouseButtonDownCallback);
鼠标松开:WindowButtonUpFcn
set(fig, 'WindowButtonUpFcn', @mouseButtonUpCallback);
鼠标移动:WindowButtonMotionFcn
set(fig, 'WindowButtonMotionFcn', @mouseMoveCallback);
鼠标进入:WindowEnterFcn
set(fig, 'WindowEnterFcn', @mouseEnterCallback);
鼠标离开:WindowExitFcn
set(fig, 'WindowExitFcn', @mouseExitCallback);
鼠标滚轮滚动:WindowScrollWheelFcn
set(fig, 'WindowScrollWheelFcn', @mouseScrollWheelCallback);
以上的示例中,fig
是你的 Figure 句柄,而 mouseButtonDownCallback
、mouseButtonUpCallback
、等等是相应事件触发时要执行的回调函数。你可以根据需要选择性地设置这些属性,以实现相应的鼠标事件处理。
Figure 窗口监听鼠标点击事件
要在 MATLAB 中监听鼠标点击事件,你可以使用 ButtonDownFcn
属性。简单的例子:
% 创建一个新的 Figure
figure;
% 设置 ButtonDownFcn 属性
set(gcf, 'ButtonDownFcn', @mouseClickCallback);
% 回调函数,处理鼠标点击事件
function mouseClickCallback(~, ~)
% 获取当前鼠标位置
currentPoint = get(gca, 'CurrentPoint');
x = currentPoint(1, 1);
y = currentPoint(1, 2);
% 在命令窗口显示鼠标点击位置
fprintf('Mouse Clicked at: x = %f, y = %f\n', x, y);
end
这个例子创建了一个新的 Figure,并设置了 ButtonDownFcn
属性为名为 mouseClickCallback
的回调函数。当鼠标在 Figure 上点击时,该回调函数会被调用,并显示当前鼠标的 x 和 y 坐标。
Figure 窗口监听鼠标移动事件
在 MATLAB 中,你可以使用 WindowButtonMotionFcn
属性来监听鼠标在 Figure 上的移动事件。简单的例子:
% 创建一个新的 Figure
figure;
% 设置 WindowButtonMotionFcn 属性
set(gcf, 'WindowButtonMotionFcn', @mouseMoveCallback);
% 回调函数,处理鼠标移动事件
function mouseMoveCallback(~, ~)
% 获取当前鼠标位置
currentPoint = get(gca, 'CurrentPoint');
x = currentPoint(1, 1);
y = currentPoint(1, 2);
% 在命令窗口显示鼠标位置
fprintf('Mouse Position: x = %f, y = %f\n', x, y);
end
这个例子创建了一个新的 Figure,并设置了 WindowButtonMotionFcn
属性为名为 mouseMoveCallback
的回调函数。当鼠标在 Figure 上移动时,该回调函数会被调用,并显示当前鼠标的 x 和 y 坐标。
Figure 窗口监听鼠标鼠标按下和松开事件
要同时监听 MATLAB Figure 上的鼠标按下和松开事件,你可以使用 WindowButtonDownFcn
和 WindowButtonUpFcn
属性。示例:
% 创建一个新的 Figure
figure;
% 设置 WindowButtonDownFcn 和 WindowButtonUpFcn 属性
set(gcf, 'WindowButtonDownFcn', @mouseButtonDownCallback);
set(gcf, 'WindowButtonUpFcn', @mouseButtonUpCallback);
% 鼠标按下回调函数
function mouseButtonDownCallback(~, ~)
disp('Mouse Button Down');
end
% 鼠标松开回调函数
function mouseButtonUpCallback(~, ~)
disp('Mouse Button Up');
end
这个例子创建了一个新的 Figure,并分别设置了 WindowButtonDownFcn
和 WindowButtonUpFcn
属性为两个不同的回调函数。当鼠标在 Figure 上按下时,mouseButtonDownCallback
函数会被调用,而当鼠标松开时,mouseButtonUpCallback
函数会被调用。