nginx安装及使用(详细版)是一篇参考博文。
http://nginx.org/download/可以选择下载源码的版本。
sudo wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
下载源代码。
sudo tar xzf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
进行解压。
ls -l auto
可以看一下auto
目录有什么文件,而在auto
目录里有cc
目录(用于编译),lib
目录(存放库),os
目录(对操作系统的判断)等。
nginx-1.14.0
目录里边CHANGES
文件就是写明了当前版本中有什么改变,sudo wc -l CHANGES
可以看到此文件中有8069
行。
head -n 12 CHANGES
可以看一下前12
行内容。
CHANGES.ru
是俄罗斯语的CHANGES
文件。
conf
目录里边是配置文件,ls -l conf
可以看一下配置目录的配置文件。
configure
可执行文件有两个作用:
1.选定编译特性;
2.检查编译环境,是否有编译时所需的库,以及库的版本是否满足编译的需要等。
contrib
目录里边有一些脚本和工具,典型的是vim高亮工具。
sudo vim conf/nginx.conf
打开文件之后可以看到毫无高亮。
sudo mkdir ~/.vim/
在当前用户的家目录下创建一个.vim
目录,然后sudo cp -r contrib/vim/* ~/.vim/
把contrib/vim/
目录下所有的文件都转移到~/.vim/
目录下边。
sudo mkdir /nginx
在根目录下创建一个nginx
的目录。
sudo ./configure --prefix=/nginx
指定安装目录为/nginx
,然后开始检查编译环境。
完成之后发现报错如下:
./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.
《./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library. You can either disable the mo》是解决方法参考的博客。
sudo apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev
安装依赖包,发现报错如下:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package libpcre3-dev is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source
E: Package 'libpcre3-dev' has no installation candidate
sudo apt install -y libpcre3 libpcre3-dev
安装依赖包。
sudo ./configure --prefix=/nginx
指定安装目录为/nginx
,然后再次开始检查编译环境。
发现报错如下:
src/os/unix/ngx_user.c: In function ‘ngx_libc_crypt’:
src/os/unix/ngx_user.c:26:7: error: ‘struct crypt_data’ has no member named ‘current_salt’
26 | cd.current_salt[0] = ~salt[0];
| ^
make[1]: *** [objs/Makefile:781: objs/src/os/unix/ngx_user.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/root/nginx-1.14.0'
make: *** [Makefile:8: build] Error 2
《linux异常(四):nginx1.6 |struct crypt_data’ has no member named ‘current_salt’ |[objs/Makefile:473》是我解决问题参考的博客。
sed -i 's#cd.current_salt\[0\] = ~salt\[0\]\;#/* cd.current_salt\[0\] = ~salt\[0\]\; */#' src/os/unix/ngx_user.c
把cd.current_salt[0] = ~salt[0];
注释掉。
报错如下:
src/http/ngx_http_script.c: In function ‘ngx_http_script_add_copy_code’:
src/http/ngx_http_script.c:698:18: error: cast between incompatible function types from ‘size_t (*)(ngx_http_script_engine_t *)’ {aka ‘long unsigned int (*)(struct <anonymous> *)’} to ‘void (*)(ngx_http_script_engine_t *)’ {aka ‘void (*)(struct <anonymous> *)’} [-Werror=cast-function-type]
698 | code->code = (ngx_http_script_code_pt) ngx_http_script_copy_len_code;
| ^
src/http/ngx_http_script.c: In function ‘ngx_http_script_add_var_code’:
src/http/ngx_http_script.c:787:18: error: cast between incompatible function types from ‘size_t (*)(ngx_http_script_engine_t *)’ {aka ‘long unsigned int (*)(struct <anonymous> *)’} to ‘void (*)(ngx_http_script_engine_t *)’ {aka ‘void (*)(struct <anonymous> *)’} [-Werror=cast-function-type]
787 | code->code = (ngx_http_script_code_pt) ngx_http_script_copy_var_len_code;
| ^
src/http/ngx_http_script.c: In function ‘ngx_http_script_add_capture_code’:
src/http/ngx_http_script.c:1181:18: error: cast between incompatible function types from ‘size_t (*)(ngx_http_script_engine_t *)’ {aka ‘long unsigned int (*)(struct <anonymous> *)’} to ‘void (*)(ngx_http_script_engine_t *)’ {aka ‘void (*)(struct <anonymous> *)’} [-Werror=cast-function-type]
1181 | code->code = (ngx_http_script_code_pt)
| ^
src/http/ngx_http_script.c: In function ‘ngx_http_script_add_full_name_code’:
src/http/ngx_http_script.c:1296:18: error: cast between incompatible function types from ‘size_t (*)(ngx_http_script_engine_t *)’ {aka ‘long unsigned int (*)(struct <anonymous> *)’} to ‘void (*)(ngx_http_script_engine_t *)’ {aka ‘void (*)(struct <anonymous> *)’} [-Werror=cast-function-type]
1296 | code->code = (ngx_http_script_code_pt) ngx_http_script_full_name_len_code;
| ^
cc1: all warnings being treated as errors
make[1]: *** [objs/Makefile:886: objs/src/http/ngx_http_script.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/root/nginx-1.14.0'
make: *** [Makefile:8: build] Error 2
参考《Nginx安装时make部分报错解决 类型装换异常 不兼容》解决。
sed -i 's/-Werror//g' objs/Makefile
把-Werror
去掉。
sudo vim /etc/profile
把PATH=${PATH}:/nginx/sbin
添加到最后一行。
nginx -v
显示nginx version: nginx/1.14.0
就是安装成功了。
此文章为10月Day 6学习笔记,内容来源于极客时间《Nginx 核心知识 150 讲》