uniapp微信小程序蓝牙连接与设备数据对接

蓝牙连接并通信方法封装大致步骤。

  1. 初始化蓝牙并搜索;
  2. 获取并启用service服务;
  3. 数据读取和监听设备返回数据
需要使用uniapp官方提供api:
// 关闭蓝牙
uni.closeBluetoothAdapter({})
// 打开蓝牙
uni.openBluetoothAdapter({})
// 搜索附近的蓝牙
uni.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({})
// 停止搜索
uni.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({})
// 连接低功耗BLE蓝牙
uni.createBLEConnection({})
// 获取蓝牙设备所有服务(service)
uni.getBLEDeviceServices({})
// 获取蓝牙特征值
uni.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({})
// 启用低功耗蓝牙设备特征值变化时的 notify 功能,订阅特征值
uni.notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange({})
// 监听低功耗蓝牙设备的特征值变化事件
uni.onBLECharacteristicValueChange({})
// 读取低功耗蓝牙设备的特征值的二进制数据值
uni.readBLECharacteristicValue({})

1、开启蓝牙适配器初始化蓝牙模块,获取手机蓝牙是否打开

const getBluetoothState = () => {
	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
		uni.openBluetoothAdapter({
			mode: 'central', // 主机模式
			success: (r) => {
				console.log("蓝牙初始化成功");
				// 获取蓝牙的匹配状态
				uni.getBluetoothAdapterState({
					success: function(row) {
						console.log('蓝牙状态:', row.available);
						if (row.available) {
							// 蓝牙连接成功,开启蓝牙设备搜索
							resolve();
						} else {
							// 请开启蓝牙
							uni.showToast({
								title: "请开启蓝牙",
								icon: 'none',
								duration: 2000
							});
							reject();
						}
					},
					fail: function(err) {
						// 请开启蓝牙
						uni.showToast({
							title: "请开启蓝牙",
							icon: 'none',
							duration: 2000
						});
						reject();
					}
				})
			},
			fail: () => {
				// 请开启蓝牙
				uni.showToast({
					title: "请开启蓝牙",
					icon: 'none',
					duration: 2000
				});
				reject();
			}
		});
	});
}

2、开启蓝牙设备搜索

const discoveryBluetooth = () => {
	return new Promise((resolve) => {
		uni.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
			success(res) {
				uni.showLoading({
	                title: "正在搜索设备",
	                icon:"none",
	                duration: 2000
	            });
				console.log('搜索蓝牙外围设备完成', res)
				setTimeout(() => {
					// 监听寻找到的蓝牙设备
					resolve();
				}, 2000);
			}
		});
	});
}

3、获取搜索到的设备信息

const getBluetoothDevices = () => {
	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
		uni.getBluetoothDevices({
			success(res) {
				// 过滤掉name为空或者未知设备的设备
				let devices = res.devices.filter(function(obj) {
					return obj.name !== "" && obj.name !== "未知设备"
				});
				devices && devices.forEach(item => {
					// 获取指定连接deviceId
					if(item.name && item.name.substring(0, 5) === 'aaaa-'){
						// aaaa-*********蓝牙设备型号,根据需求选择设备型号
						// item.deviceId;
					}
				});
			},
			fail: function() {
				console.log('搜索蓝牙设备失败');
				reject();
			},
			complete: function() {
				console.log("蓝牙搜索完成");
				resolve();
			}
		});
	});
}

4、关闭蓝牙搜索

const stopDiscoveryBluetooth = () => {
	uni.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
		success(r) {
			console.log("停止搜索蓝牙设备", r);
		}
	});
};

5、连接蓝牙

const connectBluetooth = () => {
	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
		uni.createBLEConnection({
			deviceId: deviceId, // 设备id
			success() {
				// 蓝牙连接成功后关闭蓝牙搜索并获取服务id
				stopDiscoveryBluetooth();
				resolve();
				// 获取服务id
				getServiceId();
			},
			fail() {
				console.log("蓝牙连接失败");
				reject();
			}
		});
	});
};

6、获取服务id

const getServiceId = () => {
	uni.getBLEDeviceServices({
		deviceId: deviceId,
		success(res) {
			console.log("获取服务Id", res)
			// serviceId固定,获取蓝牙设备某个服务中的所有特征值【读写属性】
			let model = res.services[0];
			serviceId = model.uuid;
			// 调用蓝牙监听和写入功能
			getCharacteId();
		},
		fail(err){
			console.log('获取服务失败', err);
		}
	})
};

7、获取蓝牙低功耗设备某个服务中所有特征

const getCharacteId = () => {
	uni.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({
		deviceId: deviceId, // 蓝牙设备id
		serviceId: serviceId, // 蓝牙服务UUID
		success(res) {
			console.log('数据监听', res);
			res.characteristics.forEach(item => {
				// 003
				if (item.properties.notify === true) {
					// 监听
					notify = item.uuid;
				}
				// 002
				if (item.properties.write === true) {
					// 写入
					let writeId = item.uuid;
				}
			});
		},
		fail(err) {
			console.log("数据监听失败", err)
		}
	})
};

8、监听设备返回数据,启用低功耗蓝牙设备特征值变化时的notify功能

const startNotice = () => {
	uni.notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange({
		characteristicId: notify,
		deviceId: deviceId,
		serviceId: serviceId,
		state: true,
		success(res) {
			// 监听低功耗蓝牙设备的特征值变化
			uni.onBLECharacteristicValueChange(result => {
				console.log("监听低功耗蓝牙设备的特征值变化", result);
				if (result.value) {
					console.log('设备返回数据', result.value)
				}
			})
		}
	});
};

9、向蓝牙设备发送数据

const writeData = (buffer) => {
	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
		uni.writeBLECharacteristicValue({
			characteristicId: uni.getStorageSync("writeId"),
			deviceId: deviceId,
			serviceId: serviceId,
			value: buffer,
			success(res) {
				console.log("writeBLECharacteristicValue success", res);
				resolve();
			},
			fail(err) {
				console.log("报错了", err);
				reject();
			}
		});
	});
};
封装完整方法:
import { TextDecoder } from 'text-encoding-utf-8';
let bluetoothOpen = false; // 手机蓝牙是否打开
let bluetoothConnect = false; // 设备和蓝牙是否连接
let isHaveDevice = false; // 是否查找到设备
let deviceId = null; // 设备id
let serviceId = null; // 服务id
let notify = null; // 监听uuid
let writeId = null; // 写入uuid
/**
 * 获取手机蓝牙是否打开
 */
const getBluetoothState = () => {
	// 主机模式
	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
		uni.openBluetoothAdapter({
			mode: 'central',
			success: (r) => {
				console.log("蓝牙初始化成功");
				// 获取蓝牙的匹配状态
				uni.getBluetoothAdapterState({
					success: function(row) {
						console.log('蓝牙状态:', row.available);
						if (row.available) {
							bluetoothOpen = true;
							resolve();
						} else {
							// 请开启蓝牙
							bluetoothOpen = false;
							bluetoothConnect = false;
							reject();
						}
					},
					fail: function(err) {
						// 请开启蓝牙
						bluetoothOpen = false;
						bluetoothConnect = false;
						reject();
					}
				})
			},
			fail: () => {
				// 请开启蓝牙
				bluetoothOpen = false;
				bluetoothConnect = false;
				reject();
			}
		});
	});
};
/**
 * 开始搜索蓝牙设备
 */
const discoveryBluetooth = () => {
	return new Promise((resolve) => {
		uni.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
			success(res) {
				console.log('搜索蓝牙外围设备完成', res)
				setTimeout(() => {
					resolve();
				}, 2000);
			}
		});
	})
};
// 关闭蓝牙搜索
const stopDiscoveryBluetooth = () => {
	uni.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
		success(r) {
			console.log("停止搜索蓝牙设备", r);
		}
	});
};
/**
 * 获取搜索到的设备信息
 */
const getBluetoothDevices = () => {
	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
		uni.getBluetoothDevices({
			success(res) {
				bluetoothConnect = false;
				// 过滤掉name为空或者未知设备的设备
				let devices = res.devices.filter(function(obj) {
					return obj.name !== "" && obj.name !== "未知设备"
				});
				devices && devices.forEach(item => {
					if(item.name && item.name.substring(0, 5) === 'aaaa-'){
						deviceId = item.deviceId;
					}
				});
			},
			fail: function() {
				console.log('搜索蓝牙设备失败');
				bluetoothConnect = false;
				reject();
			},
			complete: function() {
				console.log("蓝牙搜索完成");
				// 是否具有当前设备
				if (deviceId) {
					isHaveDevice = true;
				} else {
					isHaveDevice = false;
				}
				resolve(isHaveDevice);
			}
		});
	});
}
/**
 * 连接蓝牙
 * deviceId 蓝牙设备id
 */
const connectBluetooth = () => {
	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
		uni.createBLEConnection({
			deviceId: deviceId, // 设备id
			success() {
				bluetoothConnect = true;
				// 蓝牙连接成功后关闭蓝牙搜索
				stopDiscoveryBluetooth();
				resolve();
				// 获取服务id
				getServiceId();
			},
			fail() {
				bluetoothConnect = false;
				console.log("蓝牙连接失败");
				reject();
			}
		});
	});
};
// 获取服务id
const getServiceId = () => {
	uni.getBLEDeviceServices({
		deviceId: deviceId,
		success(res) {
			console.log("获取服务Id", res)
			let model = res.services[0];
			serviceId = model.uuid;
			// 调用蓝牙监听和写入功能
			getCharacteId();
		}
	})
};
// 获取蓝牙低功耗设备某个服务中所有特征
const getCharacteId = () => {
	uni.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({
		deviceId: deviceId, // 蓝牙设备id
		serviceId: serviceId, // 蓝牙服务UUID
		success(res) {
			console.log('数据监听', res);
			res.characteristics.forEach(item => {
				// 003
				if (item.properties.notify === true) {
					// 监听
					notify = item.uuid;
					startNotice();
				}
				// 002
				if (item.properties.write === true) {
					// 写入
					let writeId = item.uuid;
					uni.setStorageSync("writeId", item.uuid);
				}
			});
		},
		fail(err) {
			console.log("数据监听失败", err)
		}
	})
};
// 启用低功耗蓝牙设备特征值变化时的notify功能
const startNotice = () => {
	uni.notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange({
		characteristicId: notify,
		deviceId: deviceId,
		serviceId: serviceId,
		state: true,
		success(res) {
			// 监听低功耗蓝牙设备的特征值变化
			uni.onBLECharacteristicValueChange(result => {
				console.log("监听低功耗蓝牙设备的特征值变化", result);
				if (result.value) {
					let decoder = new TextDecoder('utf-8');
					let data = decoder.decode(result.value);
					console.log('帽子返回数据', data)
				}
			})
		}
	});
};
// 蓝牙发送数据
const writeData = (buffer) => {
	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
		uni.writeBLECharacteristicValue({
			characteristicId: uni.getStorageSync("writeId"),
			deviceId: deviceId,
			serviceId: serviceId,
			value: buffer,
			success(res) {
				console.log("writeBLECharacteristicValue success", res);
				resolve();
			},
			fail(err) {
				console.log("报错了", err);
				reject();
			}
		});
	});
};
export default {
	getBluetoothState,
	discoveryBluetooth,
	stopDiscoveryBluetooth,
	getBluetoothDevices,
	connectBluetooth,
	getServiceId,
	getCharacteId,
	startNotice,
	writeData
};
使用案例:





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