如何在 Kubernetes 中快速部署 Redis 集群
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概述
❝REmote DIctionary Server(
Redis) 是一个由 Salvatore Sanfilippo 写的 key-value 存储系统，是跨平台的非关系型数据库。
Redis有三种集群模式：主从模式，Sentinel（哨兵）模式，Cluster模式，这三种模式环境编排部署都会在本文章介绍与实战操作。
想了解更多关于redis概念与原理介绍，可参考我这篇文章：Redis原理介绍与环境部署（主从模式、哨兵模式、集群模式）[1]
redis 主从模式编排部署实战操作
地址：https://artifacthub.io/packages/helm/bitnami/redis
1）下载chart 包
$ helm repo add bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami
$ helm pull bitnami/redis --version 17.3.7
$ tar -xf redis-17.3.7.tgz2）构建镜像
这里就不重新构建镜像了，只是把远程镜像tag一下，推到本地harbor仓库加速下载镜像。有不清楚怎么构建镜像的小伙伴，可以私信或者留言。
$ docker pull docker.io/bitnami/redis:7.0.5-debian-11-r7
# tag
$ docker tag docker.io/bitnami/redis:7.0.5-debian-11-r7 myharbor.com/bigdata/redis:7.0.5-debian-11-r7
# 推送镜像到本地harbor仓库
$ docker push myharbor.com/bigdata/redis:7.0.5-debian-11-r73）修改yaml编排
redis/templates/master/pv.yaml
新增pv.yaml文件，内容如下：
{{- range .Values.master.persistence.local }}
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: {{ .name }}
labels:
name: {{ .name }}
spec:
storageClassName: {{ $.Values.master.persistence.storageClass }}
capacity:
storage: {{ $.Values.master.persistence.size }}
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
local:
path: {{ .path }}
nodeAffinity:
required:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/hostname
operator: In
values:
- {{ .host }}
---
{{- end }}redis/templates/replicas/pv.yaml
新增pv.yaml文件，内容如下：
{{- range .Values.replica.persistence.local }}
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: {{ .name }}
labels:
name: {{ .name }}
spec:
storageClassName: {{ $.Values.replica.persistence.storageClass }}
capacity:
storage: {{ $.Values.replica.persistence.size }}
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
local:
path: {{ .path }}
nodeAffinity:
required:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/hostname
operator: In
values:
- {{ .host }}
---
{{- end }}redis/values.yaml
global:
redis:
password: "123456"
...
image:
registry: myharbor.com
repository: bigdata/redis
tag: 7.0.5-debian-11-r7
master:
count: 1
persistence:
enabled: true
size: 8Gi
storageClass: "local-redis-storage"
local:
- name: redis-0
host: "local-168-182-110"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis/data/data1"
replica:
replicaCount: 2
persistence:
enabled: true
size: 8Gi
storageClass: "local-redis-storage"
local:
- name: redis-1
host: "local-168-182-111"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis/data/data1"
- name: redis-2
host: "local-168-182-112"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis/data/data1"4）开始部署
# 创建存储目录
$ mkdir /opt/bigdata/servers/redis/data/data1
# 先检查语法
$ helm lint ./redis
# 开始安装
$ helm install redis ./redis -n redis --create-namespaceNOTES
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
NOTES:
CHART NAME: redis
CHART VERSION: 17.3.7
APP VERSION: 7.0.5
** Please be patient while the chart is being deployed **
Redis® can be accessed on the following DNS names from within your cluster:
redis-master.redis.svc.cluster.local for read/write operations (port 6379)
redis-replicas.redis.svc.cluster.local for read-only operations (port 6379)
To get your password run:
export REDIS_PASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret --namespace redis redis -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 -d)
To connect to your Redis® server:
1. Run a Redis® pod that you can use as a client:
kubectl run --namespace redis redis-client --restart='Never' --env REDIS_PASSWORD=$REDIS_PASSWORD --image myharbor.com/bigdata/redis:7.0.5-debian-11-r7 --command -- sleep infinity
Use the following command to attach to the pod:
kubectl exec --tty -i redis-client \
--namespace redis -- bash
2. Connect using the Redis® CLI:
REDISCLI_AUTH="$REDIS_PASSWORD" redis-cli -h redis-master
REDISCLI_AUTH="$REDIS_PASSWORD" redis-cli -h redis-replicas
To connect to your database from outside the cluster execute the following commands:
kubectl port-forward --namespace redis svc/redis-master 6379:6379 &
REDISCLI_AUTH="$REDIS_PASSWORD" redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379
5）测试验证
$ kubectl get pods,svc -n redis -owide
# 登录master，可读可写
$ kubectl exec -it redis-master-0 -n redis -- redis-cli -h redis-master -a $(kubectl get secret --namespace redis redis -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 -d)
# 登录slave，只读
$ kubectl exec -it redis-master-0 -n redis -- redis-cli -h redis-replicas -a $(kubectl get secret --namespace redis redis -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 -d)
6）卸载
$ helm uninstall redis-sentinel -n redis-sentinel
# delete ns
$ kubectl delete ns redis-sentinel --force
# delete pv
$ kubectl delete pv `kubectl get pv|grep ^redis-|awk '{print $1}'` --force
$ rm -fr /opt/bigdata/servers/redis/data/data1/*redis 哨兵模式编排部署实战操作
❝主从模式的弊端就是不具备高可用性，当master挂掉以后，Redis将不能再对外提供写入操作，因此sentinel应运而生。
1）构建镜像
这里也重新构建镜像了，有不懂构建镜像的小伙伴可以在评论下方留言。这里也只是把远程的镜像推送到本地harbor。
$ docker pull docker.io/bitnami/redis-sentinel:7.0.5-debian-11-r6
# tag
$ docker tag docker.io/bitnami/redis-sentinel:7.0.5-debian-11-r6 myharbor.com/bigdata/redis-sentinel:7.0.5-debian-11-r6
# push
$ docker push myharbor.com/bigdata/redis-sentinel:7.0.5-debian-11-r62）修改yaml编排
redis-sentinel/values.yaml
replica:
# replica.replicaCount与sentinel.quorum值一样
replicaCount: 3
storageClass: "local-redis-storage"
local:
- name: redis-0
host: "local-168-182-110"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis/data/data1"
- name: redis-1
host: "local-168-182-111"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis/data/data1"
- name: redis-2
host: "local-168-182-112"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis/data/data1"
sentinel:
enabled: true
image:
registry: myharbor.com
repository: bigdata/redis-sentinel
tag: 7.0.5-debian-11-r6
quorum: 3redis-sentinel/templates/replicas/pv.yaml
新增pv.yaml文件，内容如下：
{{- range .Values.sentinel.persistence.local }}
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: {{ .name }}
labels:
name: {{ .name }}
spec:
storageClassName: {{ $.Values.sentinel.persistence.storageClass }}
capacity:
storage: {{ $.Values.sentinel.persistence.size }}
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
local:
path: {{ .path }}
nodeAffinity:
required:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/hostname
operator: In
values:
- {{ .host }}
---
{{- end }}3）开始部署
# 创建存储目录
$ mkdir -p /opt/bigdata/servers/redis/data/data1
$ helm install redis-sentinel ./redis-sentinel -n redis-sentinel --create-namespaceNOTES
NAME: redis-sentinel
LAST DEPLOYED: Fri Nov 4 22:42:52 2022
NAMESPACE: redis-sentinel
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
NOTES:
CHART NAME: redis
CHART VERSION: 17.3.7
APP VERSION: 7.0.5
** Please be patient while the chart is being deployed **
Redis® can be accessed via port 6379 on the following DNS name from within your cluster:
redis-sentinel.redis-sentinel.svc.cluster.local for read only operations
For read/write operations, first access the Redis® Sentinel cluster, which is available in port 26379 using the same domain name above.
To get your password run:
export REDIS_PASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret --namespace redis-sentinel redis-sentinel -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 -d)
To connect to your Redis® server:
1. Run a Redis® pod that you can use as a client:
kubectl run --namespace redis-sentinel redis-client --restart='Never' --env REDIS_PASSWORD=$REDIS_PASSWORD --image myharbor.com/bigdata/redis:7.0.5-debian-11-r7 --command -- sleep infinity
Use the following command to attach to the pod:
kubectl exec --tty -i redis-client \
--namespace redis-sentinel -- bash
2. Connect using the Redis® CLI:
REDISCLI_AUTH="$REDIS_PASSWORD" redis-cli -h redis-sentinel -p 6379 # Read only operations
REDISCLI_AUTH="$REDIS_PASSWORD" redis-cli -h redis-sentinel -p 26379 # Sentinel access
To connect to your database from outside the cluster execute the following commands:
kubectl port-forward --namespace redis-sentinel svc/redis-sentinel 6379:6379 &
REDISCLI_AUTH="$REDIS_PASSWORD" redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379
# 查看
$ kubectl get pods,svc -n redis-sentinel -owide
4）模拟故障测试
# 查看
$ kubectl exec -it redis-sentinel-node-0 -n redis-sentinel -- redis-cli -h redis-sentinel -a $(kubectl get secret --namespace redis-sentinel redis-sentinel -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 -d) info replication
模拟故障，kill master pod
$ kubectl delete pod redis-sentinel-node-0 -n redis-sentinel再次查看master所在节点，master节点已经切换到其它节点了。
再测试读写
# 登录master节点
kubectl exec -it redis-sentinel-node-0 -n redis-sentinel -- redis-cli -h redis-sentinel-node-2.redis-sentinel-headless -a $(kubectl get secret --namespace redis-sentinel redis-sentinel -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 -d)
# 登录slave节点
kubectl exec -it redis-sentinel-node-0 -n redis-sentinel -- redis-cli -h redis-sentinel-node-0.redis-sentinel-headless -a $(kubectl get secret --namespace redis-sentinel redis-sentinel -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 -d)
5）卸载
$ helm uninstall redis-sentinel -n redis
# delete ns
$ kubectl delete ns redis --force
# delete pv
$ kubectl delete pv `kubectl get pv|grep ^redis-|awk '{print $1}'` --force
$ rm -fr /opt/bigdata/servers/redis/data/data1/*redis 集群模式编排部署实战操作
❝集群模式可以说是sentinel+主从模式的结合体，通过cluster可以实现主从和master重选功能，所以如果配置两个副本三个分片的话，就需要六个Redis实例。因为Redis的数据是根据一定规则分配到cluster的不同机器的，当数据量过大时，可以新增机器进行扩容。
1）下载chart 包
$ helm repo add bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami
$ helm pull bitnami/redis-cluster --version 8.2.7
$ tar -xf redis-cluster-8.2.7.tgz2）构建镜像
这里就不重新构建镜像了，只是把远程镜像tag一下，推到本地harbor仓库加速下载镜像。有不清楚怎么构建镜像的小伙伴，可以私信或者留言。
$ docker pull docker.io/bitnami/redis-cluster:7.0.5-debian-11-r9
# tag
$ docker tag docker.io/bitnami/redis-cluster:7.0.5-debian-11-r9 myharbor.com/bigdata/redis-cluster:7.0.5-debian-11-r9
# 推送镜像到本地harbor仓库
$ docker push myharbor.com/bigdata/redis-cluster:7.0.5-debian-11-r93）修改yaml编排
redis-cluster/templates/pv.yaml
新增pv.yaml文件，内容如下：
{{- range .Values.persistence.local }}
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: {{ .name }}
labels:
name: {{ .name }}
spec:
storageClassName: {{ $.Values.persistence.storageClass }}
capacity:
storage: {{ $.Values.persistence.size }}
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
local:
path: {{ .path }}
nodeAffinity:
required:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/hostname
operator: In
values:
- {{ .host }}
---
{{- end }}
password: "123456"
...
image:
registry: myharbor.com
repository: bigdata/redis-cluster
tag: 7.0.5-debian-11-r9
...
persistence:
storageClass: "local-redis-cluster-storage"
local:
- name: redis-cluster-0
host: "local-168-182-110"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis-cluster/data/data1"
- name: redis-cluster-1
host: "local-168-182-110"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis-cluster/data/data2"
- name: redis-cluster-2
host: "local-168-182-110"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis-cluster/data/data3"
- name: redis-cluster-3
host: "local-168-182-111"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis-cluster/data/data1"
- name: redis-cluster-4
host: "local-168-182-111"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis-cluster/data/data2"
- name: redis-cluster-5
host: "local-168-182-111"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis-cluster/data/data3"
- name: redis-cluster-6
host: "local-168-182-112"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis-cluster/data/data1"
- name: redis-cluster-7
host: "local-168-182-112"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis-cluster/data/data2"
- name: redis-cluster-8
host: "local-168-182-112"
path: "/opt/bigdata/servers/redis-cluster/data/data3"
cluster:
init: true
# 一主两从（三组）
nodes: 9
replicas: 24）开始部署
# 创建存储目录
$ mkdir -p /opt/bigdata/servers/redis-cluster/data/data{1..3}
$ helm install redis-cluster ./redis-cluster -n redis-cluster --create-namespaceNOTES
NOTES:
CHART NAME: redis-cluster
CHART VERSION: 8.2.7
APP VERSION: 7.0.5** Please be patient while the chart is being deployed **
To get your password run:
export REDIS_PASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret --namespace "redis-cluster" redis-cluster -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 -d)
You have deployed a Redis® Cluster accessible only from within you Kubernetes Cluster.INFO: The Job to create the cluster will be created.To connect to your Redis® cluster:
1. Run a Redis® pod that you can use as a client:
kubectl run --namespace redis-cluster redis-cluster-client --rm --tty -i --restart='Never' \
--env REDIS_PASSWORD=$REDIS_PASSWORD \
--image myharbor.com/bigdata/redis-cluster:7.0.5-debian-11-r9 -- bash
2. Connect using the Redis® CLI:
redis-cli -c -h redis-cluster -a $REDIS_PASSWORD
查看
$ kubectl get pods,svc -n redis-cluster -owide
5）故障模拟测试
$ kubectl exec -it redis-cluster-0 -n redis-cluster -- redis-cli -c -h redis-cluster -a $(kubectl get secret --namespace "redis-cluster" redis-cluster -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 -d) CLUSTER INFO
$ kubectl exec -it redis-cluster-0 -n redis-cluster -- redis-cli -c -h redis-cluster -a $(kubectl get secret --namespace "redis-cluster" redis-cluster -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 -d) CLUSTER NODES
删除其中一个master节点
$ kubectl delete pod redis-cluster-1 -n redis-cluster
# 再查看节点情况
$ kubectl exec -it redis-cluster-0 -n redis-cluster -- redis-cli -c -h redis-cluster -a $(kubectl get secret --namespace "redis-cluster" redis-cluster -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 -d) CLUSTER NODES
6）卸载
$ helm uninstall redis-cluster -n redis-cluster
# delete ns
$ kubectl delete ns redis-cluster --force
# delete pv
$ kubectl delete pv `kubectl get pv|grep ^redis-cluster-|awk '{print $1}'` --force
$ rm -fr /opt/bigdata/servers/redis-cluster/data/data{1..3}/*git地址：https://gitee.com/hadoop-bigdata/redis-on-k8s
Redis on K8s 三种模式的编排部署就先到这里了，小伙伴有任何疑问，欢迎给我留言哦，后续会持续更新【大数据+云原生】相关的问题~
引用链接
[1]
Redis原理介绍与环境部署（主从模式、哨兵模式、集群模式）: https://www.cnblogs.com/liugp/p/16487671.html
本文转载自：「大数据老司机」，原文：https://url.hi-linux.com/n2dZb，版权归原作者所有。欢迎投稿，投稿邮箱: [email protected]。
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