Hive导入导出数据方式总结

一，导入数据

1，load

1.1 从本地磁盘导入：

load data local inpath ‘/localpath’ into table table1;

1.2 从HDFS导入(无关键字local)：

load data inpath ‘/localpath’ into table table1;

2，insert into … select

insert into table1 select id,name from table2;

3，create … as select

create table1 as select * from table2 where 1=1;

4，import

import只能导入export命令从Hive到出去的数据，且目标表可以为空，如果已经创建则必须是空表

import table student2
from '/user/hive/warehouse/export/student';

5，location

 create external table if not exists student5( id int, name string)
 row format delimited fields terminated by '\t'
 location '/student;

6，sqoop

二，导出数据

1，insert

导出到本地文件系统：

insert overwrite local directory '/opt/module/hive/data/export/student1'
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t'
select * from student;

导出到HDFS文件系统(无local关键字)：

insert overwrite directory '/opt/module/hive/data/export/student1'
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t'
select * from student;

2，dfs导出

dfs -get /user/hive/warehouse/student/student.txt
/opt/module/data/export/student3.txt;

3，export

export 和 import 主要用于两个 Hadoop 平台集群之间 Hive 表迁移。

export table default.student to '/user/hive/warehouse/export/student';

4，hive shell(hive -e/-f)

hive shell执行sql语句，结果存储到文件

bin/hive -e 'select * from default.student;' > /opt/module/hive/data/export/student4.txt;

hive shell执行sql文件，结果存储到文件

bin/hive -f hivesql.sql > /opt/module/hive/data/export/student4.txt;

5，sqoop导出