简化Spring应用开发的一个框架;
整个Spring技术栈的一个大整合;
J2EE开发的一站式解决方案;
SpringBootd的优点:
(1) 快速创建可独立运行的Spring项目,并与其他框架集成;
(2) 有嵌入式的servlet容器(tomcat),直接运行application的run()方法即可启动项目,无需将项目打成war包再在装有servlet容器的服务器才能执行。也可以通过导入插件,运行maven的package命令将项目打成jar包,通过java -jar命令启动项目。
(3) starters自动以来与版本控制;
(4)默认配置,简化开发,也可以通过修改取消默认配置;
(5)无需配置XML,也没有代码生
2014,martin fowler
微服务:架构风格(服务微化)
一个应用应该是一组小型服务;可以通过HTTP的方式进行互通;
单体应用:ALL IN ONE
微服务:每一个功能元素最终都是一个可独立替换和独立升级的软件单元;
详细参照微服务文档
http://www.gulixueyuan.com/ 谷粒学院
环境约束
–jdk1.8:Spring Boot 推荐jdk1.7及以上;java version “1.8.0_112”
–maven3.x:maven 3.3以上版本;Apache Maven 3.3.9
–IntelliJIDEA2017:IntelliJ IDEA 2017.2.2 x64、STS
–SpringBoot 1.5.9.RELEASE:1.5.9;
统一环境;
给maven 的settings.xml配置文件的profiles标签添加
<profile>
<id>jdk-1.8id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>trueactiveByDefault>
<jdk>1.8jdk>
activation>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8maven.compiler.target>
<maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
properties>
profile>
整合maven进来;
一个功能:
浏览器发送hello请求,服务器接受请求并处理,响应Hello World字符串;
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASEversion>
parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
dependencies>
/**
* @SpringBootApplication 来标注一个主程序类,说明这是一个Spring Boot应用
*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloWorldMainApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Spring应用启动起来
SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldMainApplication.class,args);
}
}
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
return "Hello World!";
}
}
直接从页面访问:http://localhost:8080/hello,页面显示 hello world!
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
这个插件,可以将应用打包成一个可执行的jar包,直接使用java -jar的命令进行执行;
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASEversion>
parent>
他的父项目是
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependenciesartifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASEversion>
<relativePath>../../spring-boot-dependenciesrelativePath>
parent>
他来真正管理Spring Boot应用里面的所有依赖的版本;
这是Spring Boot的版本仲裁中心;
以后我们导入依赖默认是不需要写版本;(没有在dependencies里面管理的依赖自然需要声明版本号)
spring-boot-starter:spring-boot场景启动器;
Spring Boot将所有的功能场景都抽取出来,做成一个个的starters(启动器),只需要在项目里面引入这些starter相关场景的所有依赖都会导入进来。要用什么功能就导入什么场景的启动器。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
spring-boot-starter-web:
帮我们导入了web模块正常运行所依赖的组件;
/**
* @SpringBootApplication 来标注一个主程序类,说明这是一个Spring Boot应用
*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloWorldMainApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Spring应用启动起来
SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldMainApplication.class,args);
}
}
@SpringBootApplication: Spring Boot应用.
标注在某个类上说明这个类是SpringBoot的主配置类,SpringBoot就应该运行这个类的main方法来启动SpringBoot应用;
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = {
@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication {
2.1 @SpringBootConfiguration:Spring Boot的配置类;
标注在某个类上,表示这是一个Spring Boot的配置类;
@Configuration:这个注解标注在类上,标识这是一个配置类;
配置类:配置类也是容器中的一个组件,@Configuration注解被@Component 注解标注(配置类的作用与配置文件相同);
2.2 @EnableAutoConfiguration:开启自动配置功能;
以前我们需要配置的东西,Spring Boot帮我们自动配置;@EnableAutoConfiguration告诉SpringBoot开启自动配置功能;这样自动配置才能生效;
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
2.2.1 @AutoConfigurationPackage:自动配置包
@Import({Registrar.class})
public @interface AutoConfigurationPackage {
@ AutoConfigurationPackage注解作用:
Spring的底层用 @Import 注解, 将Registrar.class类指定的组件扫描到容器中。
整体来看@ AutoConfigurationPackage注解,将主配置类(@SpringBootApplication标注的类)的所在包及下面所有子包里面的所有组件扫描到Spring容器;
2.2.2 @Import(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class);
该注解给容器中导入非常多的自动配置类(xxxAutoConfiguration);就是给容器中导入这个场景需要的所有组件,并配置好这些组件;有了自动配置类,免去了我们手动编写配置注入功能组件等的工作;
EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector:该选择器决定给容器导入哪些组件;
将所有需要导入的组件以全类名的方式返回;这些组件就会被添加到容器中;
内部原理:
Spring Boot在启动的时候从类路径下的META-INF/spring.factories中获取EnableAutoConfiguration指定的值,将这些值作为自动配置类导入到容器中,自动配置类就生效,帮我们进行自动配置工作;
以前我们需要自己配置的东西,自动配置类都帮我们;
核心方法:SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(EnableAutoConfiguration.class,classLoader);
J2EE的整体整合解决方案和自动配置都在spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.5.9.RELEASE.jar;
public static List<String> loadFactoryNames(Class<?> factoryClass, ClassLoader classLoader) {
String factoryClassName = factoryClass.getName();
try {
Enumeration<URL> urls = classLoader != null ? classLoader.getResources("META-INF/spring.factories") : ClassLoader.getSystemResources("META-INF/spring.factories");
ArrayList result = new ArrayList();
while(urls.hasMoreElements()) {
URL url = (URL)urls.nextElement();
Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(new UrlResource(url));
String factoryClassNames = properties.getProperty(factoryClassName);
result.addAll(Arrays.asList(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(factoryClassNames)));
}
return result;
} catch (IOException var8) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load [" + factoryClass.getName() + "] factories from location [" + "META-INF/spring.factories" + "]", var8);
}
}
IDE都支持使用Spring的项目创建向导快速创建一个Spring Boot项目;
通过:file -> new -> module -> Spring Initializer 步骤创建新的模块,选择我们需要的模块;向导会联网创建Spring Boot项目;
默认生成的Spring Boot项目;
tips:
(1)同时使用 @Controller、@Responsebody两个注解等于使用 @RestController
(2)@Responsebody注解:将方法返回值返回给浏览器。
SpringBoot使用 application.properties 或 application.yml 作为全局的配置文件(配置文件名是固定的),用于修改SpringBoot自动配置的默认值;
参考上一篇文章:YAML 配置文件语法
有两种,分别是 @ConfigurationProperties 和 @Value,详细请阅读:SpringBoot给属性注入值
@PropertySource: 将自定义的properties 文件属性值映射到类上;
@ImportResource: 为 springBoot 引入spring配置文件;
@Bean: 为容器添加组件的方式;
具体可参考:@PropertySource & @ImportResource & @Bean
${random.value}、${random.int}、${random.long}
${random.int(10)}、${random.int[1024,65536]}
person.last-name=张三${random.uuid}
person.age=${random.int}
person.birth=2017/12/15
person.boss=false
person.maps.k1=v1
person.maps.k2=14
person.lists=a,b,c
person.dog.name=${person.hello:hello}_dog
person.dog.age=15
在开发中,可以配置多个profile文件,在测试时进行切换使用。
详细请参考:SpringBoot多profile的配置与激活
详情可参考:SpringBoot配置文件的位置与加载顺序
配置文件到底能写什么?怎么写?自动配置原理;
配置文件能配置的属性参照
SpringBoot 自动配置原理
SpringBoot整合可几乎所有需要的框架,并且进行了自动配置,创建SpringBoot应用时,在IDEA工具中勾选自己需要的模块即可。开发者只需要在配置文件中指定少量的配置项目就可以运行起来。
自动配置原理
开发中需要考虑SpringBoot帮我们配置了什么?能不能修改?能修改哪些配置?能不能扩展?xxx
xxxxAutoConfiguration:帮我们给容器中自动配置组件;
xxxxProperties:配置类来封装配置文件的内容;
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.resources", ignoreUnknownFields = false)
public class ResourceProperties implements ResourceLoaderAware {
//可以设置和静态资源有关的参数,缓存时间等
WebMvcAuotConfiguration:
@Override
public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
if (!this.resourceProperties.isAddMappings()) {
logger.debug("Default resource handling disabled");
return;
}
Integer cachePeriod = this.resourceProperties.getCachePeriod();
if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern("/webjars/**")) {
customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
registry.addResourceHandler("/webjars/**")
.addResourceLocations(
"classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/")
.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
}
String staticPathPattern = this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern();
//静态资源文件夹映射
if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern(staticPathPattern)) {
customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
registry.addResourceHandler(staticPathPattern)
.addResourceLocations(
this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations())
.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
}
}
//配置欢迎页映射
@Bean
public WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping(
ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
return new WelcomePageHandlerMapping(resourceProperties.getWelcomePage(),
this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern());
}
//配置喜欢的图标
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(value = "spring.mvc.favicon.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
public static class FaviconConfiguration {
private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;
public FaviconConfiguration(ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
}
@Bean
public SimpleUrlHandlerMapping faviconHandlerMapping() {
SimpleUrlHandlerMapping mapping = new SimpleUrlHandlerMapping();
mapping.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 1);
//所有 **/favicon.ico
mapping.setUrlMap(Collections.singletonMap("**/favicon.ico",
faviconRequestHandler()));
return mapping;
}
@Bean
public ResourceHttpRequestHandler faviconRequestHandler() {
ResourceHttpRequestHandler requestHandler = new ResourceHttpRequestHandler();
requestHandler
.setLocations(this.resourceProperties.getFaviconLocations());
return requestHandler;
}
}
1)、所有 /webjars/** ,都去 classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/ 找资源;
webjars:以jar包的方式引入静态资源;
http://www.webjars.org/
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localhost:8080/webjars/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.js
在访问的时候只需要写webjars下面资源的名称即可
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjarsgroupId>
<artifactId>jqueryartifactId>
<version>3.3.1version>
dependency>
2)、"/**" 访问当前项目的任何资源,都去(静态资源的文件夹)找映射
"classpath:/META-INF/resources/",
"classpath:/resources/",
"classpath:/static/",
"classpath:/public/"
"/":当前项目的根路径
localhost:8080/abc === 去静态资源文件夹里面找abc
3)、欢迎页; 静态资源文件夹下的所有index.html页面;被"/**"映射;
localhost:8080/ 找index页面
4)、所有的 **/favicon.ico 都是在静态资源文件下找;
JSP、Velocity、Freemarker、Thymeleaf
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SpringBoot推荐的Thymeleaf;
语法更简单,功能更强大;
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleafartifactId>
2.1.6
dependency>
切换thymeleaf版本
<properties>
<thymeleaf.version>3.0.9.RELEASEthymeleaf.version>
<thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.2.2thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
properties>
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.thymeleaf")
public class ThymeleafProperties {
private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
private static final MimeType DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = MimeType.valueOf("text/html");
public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/";
public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html";
//
只要我们把HTML页面放在classpath:/templates/,thymeleaf就能自动渲染;
使用:
1、导入thymeleaf的名称空间
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
2、使用thymeleaf语法;
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Titletitle>
head>
<body>
<h1>成功!h1>
<div th:text="${hello}">这是显示欢迎信息div>
body>
html>
1)、th:text;改变当前元素里面的文本内容;
th:任意html属性;来替换原生属性的值
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2)、表达式?
Simple expressions:(表达式语法)
Variable Expressions: ${...}:获取变量值;OGNL;
1)、获取对象的属性、调用方法
2)、使用内置的基本对象:
#ctx : the context object.
#vars: the context variables.
#locale : the context locale.
#request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object.
#response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
#session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
#servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
${session.foo}
3)、内置的一些工具对象:
#execInfo : information about the template being processed.
#messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax.
#uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc.
#calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc.
#objects : methods for objects in general.
#bools : methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays : methods for arrays.
#lists : methods for lists.
#sets : methods for sets.
#maps : methods for maps.
#aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
#ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).
Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}:选择表达式:和${}在功能上是一样;
补充:配合 th:object="${session.user}:
Name: Sebastian.
Surname: Pepper.
Nationality: Saturn.
Message Expressions: #{...}:获取国际化内容
Link URL Expressions: @{...}:定义URL;
@{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')}
Fragment Expressions: ~{...}:片段引用表达式
...
Literals(字面量)
Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,…
Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,…
Boolean literals: true , false
Null literal: null
Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,…
Text operations:(文本操作)
String concatenation: +
Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|
Arithmetic operations:(数学运算)
Binary operators: + , - , * , / , %
Minus sign (unary operator): -
Boolean operations:(布尔运算)
Binary operators: and , or
Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not
Comparisons and equality:(比较运算)
Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le )
Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne )
Conditional operators:条件运算(三元运算符)
If-then: (if) ? (then)
If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else)
Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue)
Special tokens:
No-Operation: _
https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.10.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-developing-web-applications
Spring Boot 自动配置好了SpringMVC
以下是SpringBoot对SpringMVC的默认配置:(WebMvcAutoConfiguration)
Inclusion of ContentNegotiatingViewResolver
and BeanNameViewResolver
beans.
Support for serving static resources, including support for WebJars (see below).静态资源文件夹路径,webjars
Static index.html
support. 静态首页访问
Custom Favicon
support (see below). favicon.ico
自动注册了 of Converter
, GenericConverter
, Formatter
beans.
Formatter
格式化器; 2017.12.17===Date; @Bean
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "date-format")//在文件中配置日期格式化的规则
public Formatter<Date> dateFormatter() {
return new DateFormatter(this.mvcProperties.getDateFormat());//日期格式化组件
}
自己添加的格式化器转换器,我们只需要放在容器中即可
Support for HttpMessageConverters
(see below).
HttpMessageConverter:SpringMVC用来转换Http请求和响应的;User—Json;
HttpMessageConverters
是从容器中确定;获取所有的HttpMessageConverter;
自己给容器中添加HttpMessageConverter,只需要将自己的组件注册容器中(@Bean,@Component)
Automatic registration of MessageCodesResolver
(see below).定义错误代码生成规则
Automatic use of a ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer
bean (see below).
我们可以配置一个ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer来替换默认的;(添加到容器)
初始化WebDataBinder;
请求数据=====JavaBean;
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web:web的所有自动场景;
If you want to keep Spring Boot MVC features, and you just want to add additional MVC configuration (interceptors, formatters, view controllers etc.) you can add your own @Configuration
class of type WebMvcConfigurerAdapter
, but without @EnableWebMvc
. If you wish to provide custom instances of RequestMappingHandlerMapping
, RequestMappingHandlerAdapter
or ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver
you can declare a WebMvcRegistrationsAdapter
instance providing such components.
If you want to take complete control of Spring MVC, you can add your own @Configuration
annotated with @EnableWebMvc
.
<mvc:view-controller path="/hello" view-name="success"/>
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/hello"/>
<bean>bean>
mvc:interceptor>
mvc:interceptors>
编写一个配置类(@Configuration),是WebMvcConfigurerAdapter类型;不能标注@EnableWebMvc;
既保留了所有的自动配置,也能用我们扩展的配置;
//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以来扩展SpringMVC的功能
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// super.addViewControllers(registry);
//浏览器发送 /atguigu 请求来到 success
registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
}
}
原理:
1)、WebMvcAutoConfiguration是SpringMVC的自动配置类
2)、在做其他自动配置时会导入;@Import(EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class)
@Configuration
public static class EnableWebMvcConfiguration extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration {
private final WebMvcConfigurerComposite configurers = new WebMvcConfigurerComposite();
//从容器中获取所有的WebMvcConfigurer
@Autowired(required = false)
public void setConfigurers(List<WebMvcConfigurer> configurers) {
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(configurers)) {
this.configurers.addWebMvcConfigurers(configurers);
//一个参考实现;将所有的WebMvcConfigurer相关配置都来一起调用;
@Override
// public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// for (WebMvcConfigurer delegate : this.delegates) {
// delegate.addViewControllers(registry);
// }
}
}
}
3)、容器中所有的WebMvcConfigurer都会一起起作用;
4)、我们的配置类也会被调用;
效果:SpringMVC的自动配置和我们的扩展配置都会起作用;
SpringBoot对SpringMVC的自动配置不需要了,所有都是我们自己配置;所有的SpringMVC的自动配置都失效了
我们需要在配置类中添加@EnableWebMvc即可;
//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以来扩展SpringMVC的功能
@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// super.addViewControllers(registry);
//浏览器发送 /atguigu 请求来到 success
registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
}
}
原理:
为什么@EnableWebMvc自动配置就失效了;
1)@EnableWebMvc的核心
@Import(DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class)
public @interface EnableWebMvc {
2)、
@Configuration
public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
3)、
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class,
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter.class })
//容器中没有这个组件的时候,这个自动配置类才生效
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class)
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 10)
@AutoConfigureAfter({ DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class,
ValidationAutoConfiguration.class })
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {
4)、@EnableWebMvc将WebMvcConfigurationSupport组件导入进来;
5)、导入的WebMvcConfigurationSupport只是SpringMVC最基本的功能;
模式:
1)、SpringBoot在自动配置很多组件的时候,先看容器中有没有用户自己配置的(@Bean、@Component)如果有就用用户配置的,如果没有,才自动配置;如果有些组件可以有多个(ViewResolver)将用户配置的和自己默认的组合起来;
2)、在SpringBoot中会有非常多的xxxConfigurer帮助我们进行扩展配置
3)、在SpringBoot中会有很多的xxxCustomizer帮助我们进行定制配置
//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以来扩展SpringMVC的功能
//@EnableWebMvc 不要接管SpringMVC
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// super.addViewControllers(registry);
//浏览器发送 /atguigu 请求来到 success
registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
}
//所有的WebMvcConfigurerAdapter组件都会一起起作用
@Bean //将组件注册在容器
public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter webMvcConfigurerAdapter(){
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter adapter = new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
}
};
return adapter;
}
}
1)、编写国际化配置文件;
2)、使用ResourceBundleMessageSource管理国际化资源文件
3)、在页面使用fmt:message取出国际化内容
步骤:
1)、编写国际化配置文件,抽取页面需要显示的国际化消息
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2)、SpringBoot自动配置好了管理国际化资源文件的组件;
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.messages")
public class MessageSourceAutoConfiguration {
/**
* Comma-separated list of basenames (essentially a fully-qualified classpath
* location), each following the ResourceBundle convention with relaxed support for
* slash based locations. If it doesn't contain a package qualifier (such as
* "org.mypackage"), it will be resolved from the classpath root.
*/
private String basename = "messages";
//我们的配置文件可以直接放在类路径下叫messages.properties;
@Bean
public MessageSource messageSource() {
ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
if (StringUtils.hasText(this.basename)) {
//设置国际化资源文件的基础名(去掉语言国家代码的)
messageSource.setBasenames(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(
StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(this.basename)));
}
if (this.encoding != null) {
messageSource.setDefaultEncoding(this.encoding.name());
}
messageSource.setFallbackToSystemLocale(this.fallbackToSystemLocale);
messageSource.setCacheSeconds(this.cacheSeconds);
messageSource.setAlwaysUseMessageFormat(this.alwaysUseMessageFormat);
return messageSource;
}
3)、去页面获取国际化的值;
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<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<title>Signin Template for Bootstraptitle>
<link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" th:href="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.css}" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="asserts/css/signin.css" th:href="@{/asserts/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet">
head>
<body class="text-center">
<form class="form-signin" action="dashboard.html">
<img class="mb-4" th:src="@{/asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" src="asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72">
<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" th:text="#{login.tip}">Please sign inh1>
<label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.username}">Usernamelabel>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" th:placeholder="#{login.username}" required="" autofocus="">
<label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.password}">Passwordlabel>
<input type="password" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required="">
<div class="checkbox mb-3">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"/> [[#{login.remember}]]
label>
div>
<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" th:text="#{login.btn}">Sign inbutton>
<p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2017-2018p>
<a class="btn btn-sm">中文a>
<a class="btn btn-sm">Englisha>
form>
body>
html>
效果:根据浏览器语言设置的信息切换了国际化;
原理:
国际化Locale(区域信息对象);LocaleResolver(获取区域信息对象);
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "locale")
public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
if (this.mvcProperties
.getLocaleResolver() == WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) {
return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
}
AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver();
localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
return localeResolver;
}
默认的就是根据请求头带来的区域信息获取Locale进行国际化
4)、点击链接切换国际化
/**
* 可以在连接上携带区域信息
*/
public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {
@Override
public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
String l = request.getParameter("l");
Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();
if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(l)){
String[] split = l.split("_");
locale = new Locale(split[0],split[1]);
}
return locale;
}
@Override
public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Locale locale) {
}
}
@Bean
public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
return new MyLocaleResolver();
}
}
开发期间模板引擎页面修改以后,要实时生效
1)、禁用模板引擎的缓存
# 禁用缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
2)、页面修改完成以后ctrl+f9:重新编译;
登陆错误消息的显示
<p style="color: red" th:text="${msg}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}">p>
拦截器
/**
* 登陆检查,
*/
public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
//目标方法执行之前
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
Object user = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");
if(user == null){
//未登陆,返回登陆页面
request.setAttribute("msg","没有权限请先登陆");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request,response);
return false;
}else{
//已登陆,放行请求
return true;
}
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
}
}
注册拦截器
//所有的WebMvcConfigurerAdapter组件都会一起起作用
@Bean //将组件注册在容器
public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter webMvcConfigurerAdapter(){
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter adapter = new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");
}
//注册拦截器
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
//super.addInterceptors(registry);
//静态资源; *.css , *.js
//SpringBoot已经做好了静态资源映射
registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**")
.excludePathPatterns("/index.html","/","/user/login");
}
};
return adapter;
}
实验要求:
1)、RestfulCRUD:CRUD满足Rest风格;
URI: /资源名称/资源标识 HTTP请求方式区分对资源CRUD操作
普通CRUD(uri来区分操作) | RestfulCRUD | |
---|---|---|
查询 | getEmp | emp—GET |
添加 | addEmp?xxx | emp—POST |
修改 | updateEmp?id=xxx&xxx=xx | emp/{id}—PUT |
删除 | deleteEmp?id=1 | emp/{id}—DELETE |
2)、实验的请求架构;
实验功能 | 请求URI | 请求方式 |
---|---|---|
查询所有员工 | emps | GET |
查询某个员工(来到修改页面) | emp/1 | GET |
来到添加页面 | emp | GET |
添加员工 | emp | POST |
来到修改页面(查出员工进行信息回显) | emp/1 | GET |
修改员工 | emp | PUT |
删除员工 | emp/1 | DELETE |
3)、员工列表:
1、抽取公共片段
<div th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
div>
2、引入公共片段
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}">div>
~{templatename::selector}:模板名::选择器
~{templatename::fragmentname}:模板名::片段名
3、默认效果:
insert的公共片段在div标签中
如果使用th:insert等属性进行引入,可以不用写~{}:
行内写法可以加上:[[~{}]];[(~{})];
三种引入公共片段的th属性:
th:insert:将公共片段整个插入到声明引入的元素中
th:replace:将声明引入的元素替换为公共片段
th:include:将被引入的片段的内容包含进这个标签中
<footer th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
footer>
引入方式
<div th:insert="footer :: copy">div>
<div th:replace="footer :: copy">div>
<div th:include="footer :: copy">div>
效果
<div>
<footer>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
footer>
div>
<footer>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
footer>
<div>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
div>
引入片段的时候传入参数:
<nav class="col-md-2 d-none d-md-block bg-light sidebar" id="sidebar">
<div class="sidebar-sticky">
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active"
th:class="${activeUri=='main.html'?'nav-link active':'nav-link'}"
href="#" th:href="@{/main.html}">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-home">
<path d="M3 9l9-7 9 7v11a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z">path>
<polyline points="9 22 9 12 15 12 15 22">polyline>
svg>
Dashboard <span class="sr-only">(current)span>
a>
li>
<div th:replace="commons/bar::#sidebar(activeUri='emps')">div>
添加页面
<form>
<div class="form-group">
<label>LastNamelabel>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Emaillabel>
<input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="[email protected]">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Genderlabel><br/>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1">
<label class="form-check-label">男label>
div>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0">
<label class="form-check-label">女label>
div>
div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>departmentlabel>
<select class="form-control">
<option>1option>
<option>2option>
<option>3option>
<option>4option>
<option>5option>
select>
div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Birthlabel>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan">
div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">添加button>
form>
提交的数据格式不对:生日:日期;
2017-12-12;2017/12/12;2017.12.12;
日期的格式化;SpringMVC将页面提交的值需要转换为指定的类型;
2017-12-12—Date; 类型转换,格式化;
默认日期是按照/的方式;
修改添加二合一表单
<form th:action="@{/emp}" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put" th:if="${emp!=null}"/>
<input type="hidden" name="id" th:if="${emp!=null}" th:value="${emp.id}">
<div class="form-group">
<label>LastNamelabel>
<input name="lastName" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.lastName}">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Emaillabel>
<input name="email" type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="[email protected]" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.email}">
div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Genderlabel><br/>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==1}">
<label class="form-check-label">男label>
div>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==0}">
<label class="form-check-label">女label>
div>
div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>departmentlabel>
<select class="form-control" name="department.id">
<option th:selected="${emp!=null}?${dept.id == emp.department.id}" th:value="${dept.id}" th:each="dept:${depts}" th:text="${dept.departmentName}">1option>
select>
div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Birthlabel>
<input name="birth" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}">
div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" th:text="${emp!=null}?'修改':'添加'">添加button>
form>
<tr th:each="emp:${emps}">
<td th:text="${emp.id}">td>
<td>[[${emp.lastName}]]td>
<td th:text="${emp.email}">td>
<td th:text="${emp.gender}==0?'女':'男'">td>
<td th:text="${emp.department.departmentName}">td>
<td th:text="${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}">td>
<td>
<a class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" th:href="@{/emp/}+${emp.id}">编辑a>
<button th:attr="del_uri=@{/emp/}+${emp.id}" class="btn btn-sm btn-danger deleteBtn">删除button>
td>
tr>
<script>
$(".deleteBtn").click(function(){
//删除当前员工的
$("#deleteEmpForm").attr("action",$(this).attr("del_uri")).submit();
return false;
});
script>
默认效果:
1)、浏览器,返回一个默认的错误页面
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浏览器发送请求的请求头:
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2)、如果是其他客户端,默认响应一个json数据
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原理:
可以参照ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration;错误处理的自动配置;
给容器中添加了以下组件
1、DefaultErrorAttributes:
帮我们在页面共享信息;
@Override
public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(RequestAttributes requestAttributes,
boolean includeStackTrace) {
Map<String, Object> errorAttributes = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>();
errorAttributes.put("timestamp", new Date());
addStatus(errorAttributes, requestAttributes);
addErrorDetails(errorAttributes, requestAttributes, includeStackTrace);
addPath(errorAttributes, requestAttributes);
return errorAttributes;
}
2、BasicErrorController:处理默认/error请求
@Controller
@RequestMapping("${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}")
public class BasicErrorController extends AbstractErrorController {
@RequestMapping(produces = "text/html")//产生html类型的数据;浏览器发送的请求来到这个方法处理
public ModelAndView errorHtml(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
Map<String, Object> model = Collections.unmodifiableMap(getErrorAttributes(
request, isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML)));
response.setStatus(status.value());
//去哪个页面作为错误页面;包含页面地址和页面内容
ModelAndView modelAndView = resolveErrorView(request, response, status, model);
return (modelAndView == null ? new ModelAndView("error", model) : modelAndView);
}
@RequestMapping
@ResponseBody //产生json数据,其他客户端来到这个方法处理;
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error(HttpServletRequest request) {
Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request,
isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.ALL));
HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
return new ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>>(body, status);
}
3、ErrorPageCustomizer:
@Value("${error.path:/error}")
private String path = "/error"; 系统出现错误以后来到error请求进行处理;(web.xml注册的错误页面规则)
4、DefaultErrorViewResolver:
@Override
public ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request, HttpStatus status,
Map<String, Object> model) {
ModelAndView modelAndView = resolve(String.valueOf(status), model);
if (modelAndView == null && SERIES_VIEWS.containsKey(status.series())) {
modelAndView = resolve(SERIES_VIEWS.get(status.series()), model);
}
return modelAndView;
}
private ModelAndView resolve(String viewName, Map<String, Object> model) {
//默认SpringBoot可以去找到一个页面? error/404
String errorViewName = "error/" + viewName;
//模板引擎可以解析这个页面地址就用模板引擎解析
TemplateAvailabilityProvider provider = this.templateAvailabilityProviders
.getProvider(errorViewName, this.applicationContext);
if (provider != null) {
//模板引擎可用的情况下返回到errorViewName指定的视图地址
return new ModelAndView(errorViewName, model);
}
//模板引擎不可用,就在静态资源文件夹下找errorViewName对应的页面 error/404.html
return resolveResource(errorViewName, model);
}
步骤:
一但系统出现4xx或者5xx之类的错误;ErrorPageCustomizer就会生效(定制错误的响应规则);就会来到/error请求;就会被BasicErrorController处理;
1)响应页面;去哪个页面是由DefaultErrorViewResolver解析得到的;
protected ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, HttpStatus status, Map<String, Object> model) {
//所有的ErrorViewResolver得到ModelAndView
for (ErrorViewResolver resolver : this.errorViewResolvers) {
ModelAndView modelAndView = resolver.resolveErrorView(request, status, model);
if (modelAndView != null) {
return modelAndView;
}
}
return null;
}
1)、有模板引擎的情况下;error/状态码; 【将错误页面命名为 错误状态码.html 放在模板引擎文件夹里面的 error文件夹下】,发生此状态码的错误就会来到 对应的页面;
我们可以使用4xx和5xx作为错误页面的文件名来匹配这种类型的所有错误,精确优先(优先寻找精确的状态码.html);
页面能获取的信息;
timestamp:时间戳
status:状态码
error:错误提示
exception:异常对象
message:异常消息
errors:JSR303数据校验的错误都在这里
2)、没有模板引擎(模板引擎找不到这个错误页面),静态资源文件夹下找;
3)、以上都没有错误页面,就是默认来到SpringBoot默认的错误提示页面;
1)、自定义异常处理&返回定制json数据;
@ControllerAdvice
public class MyExceptionHandler {
@ResponseBody
@ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
public Map<String,Object> handleException(Exception e){
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("code","user.notexist");
map.put("message",e.getMessage());
return map;
}
}
//没有自适应效果...
2)、转发到/error进行自适应响应效果处理
@ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
public String handleException(Exception e, HttpServletRequest request){
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
//传入我们自己的错误状态码 4xx 5xx,否则就不会进入定制错误页面的解析流程
/**
* Integer statusCode = (Integer) request
.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code");
*/
request.setAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code",500);
map.put("code","user.notexist");
map.put("message",e.getMessage());
//转发到/error
return "forward:/error";
}
出现错误以后,会来到/error请求,会被BasicErrorController处理,响应出去可以获取的数据是由getErrorAttributes得到的(是AbstractErrorController(ErrorController)规定的方法);
1、完全来编写一个ErrorController的实现类【或者是编写AbstractErrorController的子类】,放在容器中;
2、页面上能用的数据,或者是json返回能用的数据都是通过errorAttributes.getErrorAttributes得到;
容器中DefaultErrorAttributes.getErrorAttributes();默认进行数据处理的;
自定义ErrorAttributes
//给容器中加入我们自己定义的ErrorAttributes
@Component
public class MyErrorAttributes extends DefaultErrorAttributes {
@Override
public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(RequestAttributes requestAttributes, boolean includeStackTrace) {
Map<String, Object> map = super.getErrorAttributes(requestAttributes, includeStackTrace);
map.put("company","atguigu");
return map;
}
}
最终的效果:响应是自适应的,可以通过定制ErrorAttributes改变需要返回的内容,
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SpringBoot默认使用Tomcat作为嵌入式的Servlet容器;
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问题?
1、修改和server有关的配置(ServerProperties【也是EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】);
server.port=8081
server.context-path=/crud
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
//通用的Servlet容器设置
server.xxx
//Tomcat的设置
server.tomcat.xxx
2、编写一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer:嵌入式的Servlet容器的定制器;来修改Servlet容器的配置
@Bean //一定要将这个定制器加入到容器中
public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer embeddedServletContainerCustomizer(){
return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {
//定制嵌入式的Servlet容器相关的规则
@Override
public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
container.setPort(8083);
}
};
}
由于SpringBoot默认是以jar包的方式启动嵌入式的Servlet容器来启动SpringBoot的web应用,没有web.xml文件。
注册三大组件用以下方式
ServletRegistrationBean
//注册三大组件
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean myServlet(){
ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new MyServlet(),"/myServlet");
return registrationBean;
}
FilterRegistrationBean
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter(){
FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
registrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter());
registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet"));
return registrationBean;
}
ServletListenerRegistrationBean
@Bean
public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener(){
ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> registrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean<>(new MyListener());
return registrationBean;
}
SpringBoot帮我们自动SpringMVC的时候,自动的注册SpringMVC的前端控制器;DIspatcherServlet;
DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration中:
@Bean(name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_REGISTRATION_BEAN_NAME)
@ConditionalOnBean(value = DispatcherServlet.class, name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME)
public ServletRegistrationBean dispatcherServletRegistration(
DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) {
ServletRegistrationBean registration = new ServletRegistrationBean(
dispatcherServlet, this.serverProperties.getServletMapping());
//默认拦截: / 所有请求;包静态资源,但是不拦截jsp请求; /*会拦截jsp
//可以通过server.servletPath来修改SpringMVC前端控制器默认拦截的请求路径
registration.setName(DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME);
registration.setLoadOnStartup(
this.webMvcProperties.getServlet().getLoadOnStartup());
if (this.multipartConfig != null) {
registration.setMultipartConfig(this.multipartConfig);
}
return registration;
}
2)、SpringBoot能不能支持其他的Servlet容器;
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默认支持:
Tomcat(默认使用)
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
引入web模块默认就是使用嵌入式的Tomcat作为Servlet容器;
dependency>
Jetty
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcatartifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
exclusion>
exclusions>
dependency>
<dependency>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jettyartifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
dependency>
Undertow
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcatartifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
exclusion>
exclusions>
dependency>
<dependency>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertowartifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
dependency>
EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration:嵌入式的Servlet容器自动配置?
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@Import(BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class)
//导入BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar:Spring注解版;给容器中导入一些组件
//导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor:
//后置处理器:bean初始化前后(创建完对象,还没赋值赋值)执行初始化工作
public class EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration {
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Tomcat.class })//判断当前是否引入了Tomcat依赖;
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)//判断当前容器没有用户自己定义EmbeddedServletContainerFactory:嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂;作用:创建嵌入式的Servlet容器
public static class EmbeddedTomcat {
@Bean
public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
}
}
/**
* Nested configuration if Jetty is being used.
*/
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Server.class, Loader.class,
WebAppContext.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
public static class EmbeddedJetty {
@Bean
public JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory jettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
return new JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
}
}
/**
* Nested configuration if Undertow is being used.
*/
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Undertow.class, SslClientAuthMode.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
public static class EmbeddedUndertow {
@Bean
public UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory undertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
return new UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
}
}
1)、EmbeddedServletContainerFactory(嵌入式Servlet容器工厂)
public interface EmbeddedServletContainerFactory {
//获取嵌入式的Servlet容器
EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
ServletContextInitializer... initializers);
}
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2)、EmbeddedServletContainer:(嵌入式的Servlet容器)
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3)、以TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory为例
@Override
public EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
ServletContextInitializer... initializers) {
//创建一个Tomcat
Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
//配置Tomcat的基本环节
File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null ? this.baseDirectory
: createTempDir("tomcat"));
tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath());
Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol);
tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector);
customizeConnector(connector);
tomcat.setConnector(connector);
tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false);
configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine());
for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) {
tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector);
}
prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers);
//将配置好的Tomcat传入进去,返回一个EmbeddedServletContainer;并且启动Tomcat服务器
return getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(tomcat);
}
4)、我们对嵌入式容器的配置修改是怎么生效?
ServerProperties、EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer:定制器帮我们修改了Servlet容器的配置?
怎么修改的原理?
5)、容器中导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor
//初始化之前
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)
throws BeansException {
//如果当前初始化的是一个ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer类型的组件
if (bean instanceof ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) {
//
postProcessBeforeInitialization((ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) bean);
}
return bean;
}
private void postProcessBeforeInitialization(
ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer bean) {
//获取所有的定制器,调用每一个定制器的customize方法来给Servlet容器进行属性赋值;
for (EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer customizer : getCustomizers()) {
customizer.customize(bean);
}
}
private Collection<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer> getCustomizers() {
if (this.customizers == null) {
// Look up does not include the parent context
this.customizers = new ArrayList<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer>(
this.beanFactory
//从容器中获取所有这葛类型的组件:EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
//定制Servlet容器,给容器中可以添加一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer类型的组件
.getBeansOfType(EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer.class,
false, false)
.values());
Collections.sort(this.customizers, AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
this.customizers = Collections.unmodifiableList(this.customizers);
}
return this.customizers;
}
ServerProperties也是定制器
步骤:
1)、SpringBoot根据导入的依赖情况,给容器中添加相应的EmbeddedServletContainerFactory【TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory】
2)、容器中某个组件要创建对象就会惊动后置处理器;EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor;
只要是嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂,后置处理器就工作;
3)、后置处理器,从容器中获取所有的EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer,调用定制器的定制方法
###5)、嵌入式Servlet容器启动原理;
什么时候创建嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂?什么时候获取嵌入式的Servlet容器并启动Tomcat;
获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂:
1)、SpringBoot应用启动运行run方法
2)、refreshContext(context);SpringBoot刷新IOC容器【创建IOC容器对象,并初始化容器,创建容器中的每一个组件】;如果是web应用创建AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext,否则:AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
3)、refresh(context);刷新刚才创建好的ioc容器;
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// Prepare this context for refreshing.
prepareRefresh();
// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Initialize message source for this context.
initMessageSource();
// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
onRefresh();
// Check for listener beans and register them.
registerListeners();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// Last step: publish corresponding event.
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
}
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
destroyBeans();
// Reset 'active' flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}
finally {
// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
resetCommonCaches();
}
}
}
4)、 onRefresh(); web的ioc容器重写了onRefresh方法
5)、webioc容器会创建嵌入式的Servlet容器;createEmbeddedServletContainer();
6)、获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂:
EmbeddedServletContainerFactory containerFactory = getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
从ioc容器中获取EmbeddedServletContainerFactory 组件;TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory创建对象,后置处理器一看是这个对象,就获取所有的定制器来先定制Servlet容器的相关配置;
7)、使用容器工厂获取嵌入式的Servlet容器:this.embeddedServletContainer = containerFactory .getEmbeddedServletContainer(getSelfInitializer());
8)、嵌入式的Servlet容器创建对象并启动Servlet容器;
先启动嵌入式的Servlet容器,再将ioc容器中剩下没有创建出的对象获取出来;
IOC容器启动创建嵌入式的Servlet容器
嵌入式Servlet容器:应用打成可执行的jar
优点:简单、便携;
缺点:默认不支持JSP、优化定制比较复杂(使用定制器【ServerProperties、自定义EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】,自己编写嵌入式Servlet容器的创建工厂【EmbeddedServletContainerFactory】);
外置的Servlet容器:外面安装Tomcat—应用war包的方式打包;
1)、必须创建一个war项目;(利用idea创建好目录结构)
2)、将嵌入式的Tomcat指定为provided;
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcatartifactId>
<scope>providedscope>
dependency>
3)、必须编写一个SpringBootServletInitializer的子类,并调用configure方法
public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
//传入SpringBoot应用的主程序
return application.sources(SpringBoot04WebJspApplication.class);
}
}
4)、启动服务器就可以使用;
jar包:执行SpringBoot主类的main方法,启动ioc容器,创建嵌入式的Servlet容器;
war包:启动服务器,服务器启动SpringBoot应用【SpringBootServletInitializer】,启动ioc容器;
servlet3.0(Spring注解版):
8.2.4 Shared libraries / runtimes pluggability:
规则:
1)、服务器启动(web应用启动)会创建当前web应用里面每一个jar包里面ServletContainerInitializer实例:
2)、ServletContainerInitializer的实现放在jar包的META-INF/services文件夹下,有一个名为javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer的文件,内容就是ServletContainerInitializer的实现类的全类名
3)、还可以使用@HandlesTypes,在应用启动的时候加载我们感兴趣的类;
流程:
1)、启动Tomcat
2)、org\springframework\spring-web\4.3.14.RELEASE\spring-web-4.3.14.RELEASE.jar!\META-INF\services\javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer:
Spring的web模块里面有这个文件:org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer
3)、SpringServletContainerInitializer将@HandlesTypes(WebApplicationInitializer.class)标注的所有这个类型的类都传入到onStartup方法的Set
4)、每一个WebApplicationInitializer都调用自己的onStartup;
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5)、相当于我们的SpringBootServletInitializer的类会被创建对象,并执行onStartup方法
6)、SpringBootServletInitializer实例执行onStartup的时候会createRootApplicationContext;创建容器
protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext(
ServletContext servletContext) {
//1、创建SpringApplicationBuilder
SpringApplicationBuilder builder = createSpringApplicationBuilder();
StandardServletEnvironment environment = new StandardServletEnvironment();
environment.initPropertySources(servletContext, null);
builder.environment(environment);
builder.main(getClass());
ApplicationContext parent = getExistingRootWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
if (parent != null) {
this.logger.info("Root context already created (using as parent).");
servletContext.setAttribute(
WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, null);
builder.initializers(new ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer(parent));
}
builder.initializers(
new ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer(servletContext));
builder.contextClass(AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext.class);
//调用configure方法,子类重写了这个方法,将SpringBoot的主程序类传入了进来
builder = configure(builder);
//使用builder创建一个Spring应用
SpringApplication application = builder.build();
if (application.getSources().isEmpty() && AnnotationUtils
.findAnnotation(getClass(), Configuration.class) != null) {
application.getSources().add(getClass());
}
Assert.state(!application.getSources().isEmpty(),
"No SpringApplication sources have been defined. Either override the "
+ "configure method or add an @Configuration annotation");
// Ensure error pages are registered
if (this.registerErrorPageFilter) {
application.getSources().add(ErrorPageFilterConfiguration.class);
}
//启动Spring应用
return run(application);
}
7)、Spring的应用就启动并且创建IOC容器
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
stopWatch.start();
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
configureHeadlessProperty();
SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
listeners.starting();
try {
ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
args);
ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
applicationArguments);
Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
context = createApplicationContext();
analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context);
prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
printedBanner);
//刷新IOC容器
refreshContext(context);
afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
listeners.finished(context, null);
stopWatch.stop();
if (this.logStartupInfo) {
new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
.logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
}
return context;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex);
throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
}
}
启动Servlet容器,再启动SpringBoot应用
Docker是一个开源的应用容器引擎;是一个轻量级容器技术;
Docker支持将软件编译成一个镜像;然后在镜像中各种软件做好配置,将镜像发布出去,其他使用者可以直接使用这个镜像;
运行中的这个镜像称为容器,容器启动是非常快速的。
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docker主机(Host):安装了Docker程序的机器(Docker直接安装在操作系统之上);
docker客户端(Client):连接docker主机进行操作;
docker仓库(Registry):用来保存各种打包好的软件镜像;
docker镜像(Images):软件打包好的镜像;放在docker仓库中;
docker容器(Container):镜像启动后的实例称为一个容器;容器是独立运行的一个或一组应用
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使用Docker的步骤:
1)、安装Docker
2)、去Docker仓库找到这个软件对应的镜像;
3)、使用Docker运行这个镜像,这个镜像就会生成一个Docker容器;
4)、对容器的启动停止就是对软件的启动停止;
1)、VMWare、VirtualBox(安装);
2)、导入虚拟机文件centos7-atguigu.ova;
3)、双击启动linux虚拟机;使用 root/ 123456登陆
4)、使用客户端连接linux服务器进行命令操作;
5)、设置虚拟机网络;
桥接网络=选好网卡==接入网线;
6)、设置好网络以后使用命令重启虚拟机的网络
service network restart
7)、查看linux的ip地址
ip addr
8)、使用客户端连接linux;
步骤:
1、检查内核版本,必须是3.10及以上
uname -r
2、安装docker
yum install docker
3、输入y确认安装
4、启动docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@localhost ~]# docker -v
Docker version 1.12.6, build 3e8e77d/1.12.6
5、开机启动docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
6、停止docker
systemctl stop docker
操作 | 命令 | 说明 |
---|---|---|
检索 | docker search 关键字 eg:docker search redis | 我们经常去docker hub上检索镜像的详细信息,如镜像的TAG。 |
拉取 | docker pull 镜像名:tag | :tag是可选的,tag表示标签,多为软件的版本,默认是latest |
列表 | docker images | 查看所有本地镜像 |
删除 | docker rmi image-id | 删除指定的本地镜像 |
https://hub.docker.com/
软件镜像(QQ安装程序)----运行镜像----产生一个容器(正在运行的软件,运行的QQ);
步骤:
1、搜索镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker search tomcat
2、拉取镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull tomcat
3、根据镜像启动容器
docker run --name mytomcat -d tomcat:latest
4、docker ps
查看运行中的容器
5、 停止运行中的容器
docker stop 容器的id
6、查看所有的容器
docker ps -a
7、启动容器
docker start 容器id
8、删除一个容器
docker rm 容器id
9、启动一个做了端口映射的tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -p 8888:8080 tomcat
-d:后台运行
-p: 将主机的端口映射到容器的一个端口 主机端口:容器内部的端口
10、为了演示简单关闭了linux的防火墙
service firewalld status ;查看防火墙状态
service firewalld stop:关闭防火墙
11、查看容器的日志
docker logs container-name/container-id
更多命令参看
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/docker/
可以参考每一个镜像的文档
docker pull mysql
错误的启动
[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mysql01 -d mysql
42f09819908bb72dd99ae19e792e0a5d03c48638421fa64cce5f8ba0f40f5846
mysql退出了
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42f09819908b mysql "docker-entrypoint.sh" 34 seconds ago Exited (1) 33 seconds ago mysql01
538bde63e500 tomcat "catalina.sh run" About an hour ago Exited (143) About an hour ago compassionate_
goldstine
c4f1ac60b3fc tomcat "catalina.sh run" About an hour ago Exited (143) About an hour ago lonely_fermi
81ec743a5271 tomcat "catalina.sh run" About an hour ago Exited (143) About an hour ago sick_ramanujan
//错误日志
[root@localhost ~]# docker logs 42f09819908b
error: database is uninitialized and password option is not specified
You need to specify one of MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD, MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD and MYSQL_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD;这个三个参数必须指定一个
正确的启动
[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mysql01 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
b874c56bec49fb43024b3805ab51e9097da779f2f572c22c695305dedd684c5f
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
b874c56bec49 mysql "docker-entrypoint.sh" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 3306/tcp mysql01
做了端口映射
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql02 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
ad10e4bc5c6a0f61cbad43898de71d366117d120e39db651844c0e73863b9434
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ad10e4bc5c6a mysql "docker-entrypoint.sh" 4 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp mysql02
几个其他的高级操作
docker run --name mysql03 -v /conf/mysql:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag
把主机的/conf/mysql文件夹挂载到 mysqldocker容器的/etc/mysql/conf.d文件夹里面
改mysql的配置文件就只需要把mysql配置文件放在自定义的文件夹下(/conf/mysql)
docker run --name some-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
指定mysql的一些配置参数
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbcartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysqlgroupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
<scope>runtimescope>
dependency>
spring:
datasource:
username: root
password: 123456
url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.15.22:3306/jdbc
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
效果:
默认是用org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource作为数据源;
数据源的相关配置都在DataSourceProperties里面;
自动配置原理:
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc:
1、参考DataSourceConfiguration,根据配置创建数据源,默认使用Tomcat连接池;可以使用spring.datasource.type指定自定义的数据源类型;
2、SpringBoot默认可以支持;
org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource、HikariDataSource、BasicDataSource、
3、自定义数据源类型
/**
* Generic DataSource configuration.
*/
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(DataSource.class)
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.datasource.type")
static class Generic {
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource(DataSourceProperties properties) {
//使用DataSourceBuilder创建数据源,利用反射创建响应type的数据源,并且绑定相关属性
return properties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
}
}
4、DataSourceInitializer:ApplicationListener;
作用:
1)、runSchemaScripts();运行建表语句;
2)、runDataScripts();运行插入数据的sql语句;
默认只需要将文件命名为:
schema-*.sql、data-*.sql
默认规则:schema.sql,schema-all.sql;
可以使用
schema:
- classpath:department.sql
指定位置
5、操作数据库:自动配置了JdbcTemplate操作数据库
导入druid数据源
@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
@Bean
public DataSource druid(){
return new DruidDataSource();
}
//配置Druid的监控
//1、配置一个管理后台的Servlet
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet(){
ServletRegistrationBean bean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new StatViewServlet(), "/druid/*");
Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();
initParams.put("loginUsername","admin");
initParams.put("loginPassword","123456");
initParams.put("allow","");//默认就是允许所有访问
initParams.put("deny","192.168.15.21");
bean.setInitParameters(initParams);
return bean;
}
//2、配置一个web监控的filter
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter(){
FilterRegistrationBean bean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
bean.setFilter(new WebStatFilter());
Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();
initParams.put("exclusions","*.js,*.css,/druid/*");
bean.setInitParameters(initParams);
bean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));
return bean;
}
}
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
<version>1.3.1version>
dependency>
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步骤:
1)、配置数据源相关属性(见上一节Druid)
2)、给数据库建表
3)、创建JavaBean
//指定这是一个操作数据库的mapper
@Mapper
public interface DepartmentMapper {
@Select("select * from department where id=#{id}")
public Department getDeptById(Integer id);
@Delete("delete from department where id=#{id}")
public int deleteDeptById(Integer id);
@Options(useGeneratedKeys = true,keyProperty = "id")
@Insert("insert into department(departmentName) values(#{departmentName})")
public int insertDept(Department department);
@Update("update department set departmentName=#{departmentName} where id=#{id}")
public int updateDept(Department department);
}
问题:
自定义MyBatis的配置规则;给容器中添加一个ConfigurationCustomizer;
@org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration
public class MyBatisConfig {
@Bean
public ConfigurationCustomizer configurationCustomizer(){
return new ConfigurationCustomizer(){
@Override
public void customize(Configuration configuration) {
configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true);
}
};
}
}
使用MapperScan批量扫描所有的Mapper接口;
@MapperScan(value = "com.atguigu.springboot.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBoot06DataMybatisApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringBoot06DataMybatisApplication.class, args);
}
}
mybatis:
config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml 指定全局配置文件的位置
mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml 指定sql映射文件的位置
更多使用参照
http://www.mybatis.org/spring-boot-starter/mybatis-spring-boot-autoconfigure/
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JPA:ORM(Object Relational Mapping);
1)、编写一个实体类(bean)和数据表进行映射,并且配置好映射关系;
//使用JPA注解配置映射关系
@Entity //告诉JPA这是一个实体类(和数据表映射的类)
@Table(name = "tbl_user") //@Table来指定和哪个数据表对应;如果省略默认表名就是user;
public class User {
@Id //这是一个主键
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)//自增主键
private Integer id;
@Column(name = "last_name",length = 50) //这是和数据表对应的一个列
private String lastName;
@Column //省略默认列名就是属性名
private String email;
2)、编写一个Dao接口来操作实体类对应的数据表(Repository)
//继承JpaRepository来完成对数据库的操作
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer> {
}
3)、基本的配置JpaProperties
spring:
jpa:
hibernate:
# 更新或者创建数据表结构
ddl-auto: update
# 控制台显示SQL
show-sql: true
几个重要的事件回调机制
配置在META-INF/spring.factories
ApplicationContextInitializer
SpringApplicationRunListener
只需要放在ioc容器中
ApplicationRunner
CommandLineRunner
启动流程:
initialize(sources);
private void initialize(Object[] sources) {
//保存主配置类
if (sources != null && sources.length > 0) {
this.sources.addAll(Arrays.asList(sources));
}
//判断当前是否一个web应用
this.webEnvironment = deduceWebEnvironment();
//从类路径下找到META-INF/spring.factories配置的所有ApplicationContextInitializer;然后保存起来
setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(
ApplicationContextInitializer.class));
//从类路径下找到ETA-INF/spring.factories配置的所有ApplicationListener
setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));
//从多个配置类中找到有main方法的主配置类
this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass();
}
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public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
stopWatch.start();
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
configureHeadlessProperty();
//获取SpringApplicationRunListeners;从类路径下META-INF/spring.factories
SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
//回调所有的获取SpringApplicationRunListener.starting()方法
listeners.starting();
try {
//封装命令行参数
ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
args);
//准备环境
ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
applicationArguments);
//创建环境完成后回调SpringApplicationRunListener.environmentPrepared();表示环境准备完成
Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
//创建ApplicationContext;决定创建web的ioc还是普通的ioc
context = createApplicationContext();
analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context);
//准备上下文环境;将environment保存到ioc中;而且applyInitializers();
//applyInitializers():回调之前保存的所有的ApplicationContextInitializer的initialize方法
//回调所有的SpringApplicationRunListener的contextPrepared();
//
prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
printedBanner);
//prepareContext运行完成以后回调所有的SpringApplicationRunListener的contextLoaded();
//s刷新容器;ioc容器初始化(如果是web应用还会创建嵌入式的Tomcat);Spring注解版
//扫描,创建,加载所有组件的地方;(配置类,组件,自动配置)
refreshContext(context);
//从ioc容器中获取所有的ApplicationRunner和CommandLineRunner进行回调
//ApplicationRunner先回调,CommandLineRunner再回调
afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
//所有的SpringApplicationRunListener回调finished方法
listeners.finished(context, null);
stopWatch.stop();
if (this.logStartupInfo) {
new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
.logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
}
//整个SpringBoot应用启动完成以后返回启动的ioc容器;
return context;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex);
throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
}
}
配置在META-INF/spring.factories
ApplicationContextInitializer
public class HelloApplicationContextInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {
@Override
public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
System.out.println("ApplicationContextInitializer...initialize..."+applicationContext);
}
}
SpringApplicationRunListener
public class HelloSpringApplicationRunListener implements SpringApplicationRunListener {
//必须有的构造器
public HelloSpringApplicationRunListener(SpringApplication application, String[] args){
}
@Override
public void starting() {
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...starting...");
}
@Override
public void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
Object o = environment.getSystemProperties().get("os.name");
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...environmentPrepared.."+o);
}
@Override
public void contextPrepared(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...contextPrepared...");
}
@Override
public void contextLoaded(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...contextLoaded...");
}
@Override
public void finished(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception) {
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...finished...");
}
}
配置(META-INF/spring.factories)
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=\
com.atguigu.springboot.listener.HelloApplicationContextInitializer
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListener=\
com.atguigu.springboot.listener.HelloSpringApplicationRunListener
只需要放在ioc容器中
ApplicationRunner
@Component
public class HelloApplicationRunner implements ApplicationRunner {
@Override
public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
System.out.println("ApplicationRunner...run....");
}
}
CommandLineRunner
@Component
public class HelloCommandLineRunner implements CommandLineRunner {
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
System.out.println("CommandLineRunner...run..."+ Arrays.asList(args));
}
}
starter:
1、这个场景需要使用到的依赖是什么?
2、如何编写自动配置
@Configuration //指定这个类是一个配置类
@ConditionalOnXXX //在指定条件成立的情况下自动配置类生效
@AutoConfigureAfter //指定自动配置类的顺序
@Bean //给容器中添加组件
@ConfigurationPropertie结合相关xxxProperties类来绑定相关的配置
@EnableConfigurationProperties //让xxxProperties生效加入到容器中
自动配置类要能加载
将需要启动就加载的自动配置类,配置在META-INF/spring.factories
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\
3、模式:
启动器只用来做依赖导入;
专门来写一个自动配置模块;
启动器依赖自动配置;别人只需要引入启动器(starter)
mybatis-spring-boot-starter;自定义启动器名-spring-boot-starter
步骤:
1)、启动器模块
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<groupId>com.atguigu.startergroupId>
<artifactId>atguigu-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atguigu.startergroupId>
<artifactId>atguigu-spring-boot-starter-autoconfigurerartifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
dependency>
dependencies>
project>
2)、自动配置模块
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<groupId>com.atguigu.startergroupId>
<artifactId>atguigu-spring-boot-starter-autoconfigurerartifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
<packaging>jarpackaging>
<name>atguigu-spring-boot-starter-autoconfigurername>
<description>Demo project for Spring Bootdescription>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
<version>1.5.10.RELEASEversion>
<relativePath/>
parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8java.version>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starterartifactId>
dependency>
dependencies>
project>
package com.atguigu.starter;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "atguigu.hello")
public class HelloProperties {
private String prefix;
private String suffix;
public String getPrefix() {
return prefix;
}
public void setPrefix(String prefix) {
this.prefix = prefix;
}
public String getSuffix() {
return suffix;
}
public void setSuffix(String suffix) {
this.suffix = suffix;
}
}
package com.atguigu.starter;
public class HelloService {
HelloProperties helloProperties;
public HelloProperties getHelloProperties() {
return helloProperties;
}
public void setHelloProperties(HelloProperties helloProperties) {
this.helloProperties = helloProperties;
}
public String sayHellAtguigu(String name){
return helloProperties.getPrefix()+"-" +name + helloProperties.getSuffix();
}
}
package com.atguigu.starter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnWebApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication //web应用才生效
@EnableConfigurationProperties(HelloProperties.class)
public class HelloServiceAutoConfiguration {
@Autowired
HelloProperties helloProperties;
@Bean
public HelloService helloService(){
HelloService service = new HelloService();
service.setHelloProperties(helloProperties);
return service;
}
}
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-samples