问题场景
总结一下用java生成PDF的方法：
A、itext-PdfStamper pdfStamper（俗称抠模板）
B、itext-Document document（正常代码撰写）
C、wkhtmltopdf（使用工具）
比较分析
| 方法 | 优点 | 缺点 |
|---|---|---|
| A | 代码简单 | 模板要先提供，且字段长度固定、不灵活 |
| B | 模板可根据代码调整、但样式不如C灵活 | 要维护的后台代码较多 |
| C | 模板样式可根据前端随意调整 | 要维护的前台代码较多 |
用到的资源
A/B: itext-pdfa-5.5.6.jar、itext-xtra-5.5.6.jar、itext-5.5.6.jar、itext-asian.jar
C: wkhtmltopdf-0.12.4、python2.7.14、pdfkit
举例：
A：
1、用PDF编辑器编辑好模板，留出空白等待程序填充。
2、程序生成与下载。
/**
* 抠模板
* @throws Exception
*/
public void createAllPdf() throws Exception {
//填充创建pdf
PdfReader reader = null;
PdfStamper stamp = null;
try {
reader = new PdfReader("E:/module.pdf");
SimpleDateFormat simp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
String times = simp.format(new Date()).trim();
//创建生成报告名称
String root = ServletActionContext.getRequest().getRealPath("/upload") + File.separator;
if (!new File(root).exists())
new File(root).mkdirs();
File deskFile = new File(root, times + ".pdf");
stamp = new PdfStamper(reader, new FileOutputStream(deskFile));
//取出报表模板中的所有字段
AcroFields form = stamp.getAcroFields();
// 填充数据
form.setField("name", "zhangsan");
form.setField("sex", "男");
form.setField("age", "15");
//报告生成日期
SimpleDateFormat dateformat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
String generationdate = dateformat.format(new Date());
form.setField("generationdate", generationdate);
stamp.setFormFlattening(true);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (stamp != null) {
stamp.close();
}
if (reader != null) {
reader.close();
}
}
}
B: 常用功能推荐列表
ITEXT PDF文件的拆分与合并
ITEXT 表格的指定列合并-升级版
ITEXT 表格的指定列合并
ITEXT 实现背景色交替的三线表
ITEXT 页眉页脚页码三件套
ITEXT 目录生成的第三种方法（同时带有书签功能）
ITEXT-定位PDF中图片的坐标与页码
ITEXT-PDF彩色字体显示-支持中文
ITEXT-插入水印(itext-pdfa-5.5.6.jar)
直接上代码
package itext;
import com.itextpdf.text.*;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.*;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
/**
* Created on 2017/5/16
* Author: youxingyang.
*/
public class TableAndTitle {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String fileName = "tableAndTitle.pdf";
TableAndTitle.test(fileName);
}
private static void test(String fileName) {
Document document = new Document();
try {
PdfWriter.getInstance(document, new FileOutputStream(fileName));
document.open();
PdfPTable table = new PdfPTable(1);
table.setKeepTogether(true);
table.setSplitLate(false);
PdfPTable table1 = new PdfPTable(1);
PdfPCell cell0 = new PdfPCell();
Paragraph p = new Paragraph("table title sample");
p.setAlignment(1);
p.setSpacingBefore(15f);
cell0.setHorizontalAlignment(PdfPCell.ALIGN_CENTER);
cell0.setVerticalAlignment(PdfPCell.ALIGN_MIDDLE);//然并卵
cell0.setPaddingTop(-2f);//把字垂直居中
cell0.setPaddingBottom(8f);//把字垂直居中
cell0.addElement(p);
cell0.setBorder(0);
table1.addCell(cell0);
PdfPTable pTable = new PdfPTable(table1);
document.add(pTable);
PdfPTable table2 = new PdfPTable(2);
float border = 1.5f;
for (int a = 0; a < 20; a++) {
PdfPCell cell = new PdfPCell();
Paragraph pp;
if (a == 0 || a == 1) {
pp = str2ParaByTwoFont("tableTitle" + (a + 1), 9f, BaseColor.BLACK, Font.BOLD); //小五 加粗
cell.setBorderWidthBottom(border);
cell.setBorderWidthTop(border);
} else {
if (a == 18 || a == 19) {
cell.setBorderWidthTop(0);
cell.setBorderWidthBottom(border);
} else {
cell.setBorderWidthBottom(0);
cell.setBorderWidthTop(0);
}
pp = str2ParaByTwoFont("tableContent" + (a - 1), 9f, BaseColor.BLACK); //小五
}
//设置间隔的背景色
if ((a + 1) % 2 == 0) {
if (((a + 1) / 2) % 2 == 1) {
cell.setBackgroundColor(new BaseColor(128, 128, 255));
} else {
cell.setBackgroundColor(new BaseColor(128, 255, 255));
}
} else {
if (((a + 1) / 2) % 2 == 1) {
cell.setBackgroundColor(new BaseColor(128, 255, 255));
} else {
cell.setBackgroundColor(new BaseColor(128, 128, 255));
}
}
pp.setAlignment(1);
cell.setBorderWidthLeft(0);
cell.setBorderWidthRight(0);
cell.setHorizontalAlignment(PdfPCell.ALIGN_CENTER);
cell.setVerticalAlignment(PdfPCell.ALIGN_MIDDLE);//然并卵
cell.setPaddingTop(-2f);//把字垂直居中
cell.setPaddingBottom(8f);//把字垂直居中
cell.addElement(pp);
table2.addCell(cell);
}
PdfPCell c1 = new PdfPCell();
c1.setBorder(0);
c1.addElement(table1);
PdfPCell c2 = new PdfPCell();
c2.setBorder(0);
c2.addElement(table2);
table.addCell(c1);
table.addCell(c2);
document.add(table);
document.close();
} catch (DocumentException | FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 两种字体显示文字
*
* @param cont
* @param size
* @param color
* @return
*/
private static Paragraph str2ParaByTwoFont(String cont, float size, BaseColor color) {
Paragraph res = new Paragraph();
FontSelector selector = new FontSelector();
//非汉字字体颜色
Font f1 = FontFactory.getFont(FontFactory.TIMES_ROMAN, size);
f1.setColor(color);
//汉字字体颜色
Font f2 = FontFactory.getFont("STSong-Light", "UniGB-UCS2-H", BaseFont.NOT_EMBEDDED, size);
f2.setColor(color);
selector.addFont(f1);
selector.addFont(f2);
Phrase ph = selector.process(cont);
res.add(ph);
return res;
}
/**
* 两种字体显示文字
*
* @param cont
* @param size
* @param color
* @param bold
* @return
*/
private static Paragraph str2ParaByTwoFont(String cont, float size, BaseColor color, int bold) {
Paragraph res = new Paragraph();
FontSelector selector = new FontSelector();
//非汉字字体颜色
Font f1 = FontFactory.getFont(FontFactory.TIMES_ROMAN, size);
f1.setColor(color);
f1.setStyle(bold);
//汉字字体颜色
Font f2 = FontFactory.getFont("STSong-Light", "UniGB-UCS2-H", BaseFont.NOT_EMBEDDED, size);
f2.setColor(color);
f2.setStyle(bold);
selector.addFont(f1);
selector.addFont(f2);
Phrase ph = selector.process(cont);
res.add(ph);
return res;
}
}
C: 总思路：java调用python脚本，python下多线程调用了pdfkit（pdfkit 是 wkhtmltopdf 的Python封装包）
CODE: 里面有的简单方法未提供源码，自己写
1、java代码
/**
* 多线程生成报告
* @param map 样本及公司对应集合
* @param productMap 样本及产品对应集合
* @param sampleList 样本列表集合
* @param storeDir 报告存储路径
* @param url 源转换的页面url前缀
* @param pyPre python脚本存放的位置
* @param uuid 本地任务唯一标识
* @param storePrefix url参数文件前缀
* @return
*/
private static int createMul(Map map, Map productMap,
List sampleList, String storeDir, String url, String pyPre, String uuid, String storePrefix) {
String date = DateUtil.date2Str(new Date());
StringBuilder pathTemp = new StringBuilder("");
String companyId;
String productCode;
String cmd;
int sum = 0;
Map sampleMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(sampleList.size());
String paraFileName;
try {
String path;
for (String sampleCode : sampleList) {
companyId = map.get(sampleCode);
productCode = productMap.get(sampleCode);
pathTemp.append(storeDir).append(date).append("-").append(uuid).append(File.separator).append(companyId).append(File.separator).append(productCode);
path = pathTemp.toString();
pathTemp.setLength(0);
File file = new File(path);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.mkdirs();
}
path += File.separator + sampleCode + "-" + productCode + ".pdf";
path = path.replace("\\", "/");
sampleMap.put(sampleCode, path);
}
paraFileName = storePrefix + DateUtil.date2Str(new Date()) + "-" + EncryUtil.getUUID() + ".txt";
boolean success = writeMapFile(sampleMap, paraFileName);
if (success) {
log.info("多线程生成报告参数: url: {}, paraFileName: {}", url, paraFileName);
cmd = "python " + pyPre + "mul_queue.py -u " + url + " -f " + paraFileName;
Process pr = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(pr.getInputStream()));
String result = null;
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result = line;
System.out.println("creating: " + result);
log.info("creating: {}", result);
}
if (result != null && result.contains("completed:")) {
sum = Integer.parseInt(result.split(":")[1]);
}
in.close();
pr.waitFor();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.info("多线程生成报告出错: {} ", e.getMessage());
}
return sum;
}
/**
* map写进文件里
* // a = {'a': 'hangge', 'b': 'man', 'school': 'wust'}
* @param sampleMap
* @param paraFileName
* @return
*/
public static boolean writeMapFile(Map sampleMap, String paraFileName) {
boolean res = false;
BufferedWriter bw = null;
try {
File file = new File(paraFileName);
if (!file.exists()) {
CommonUtil.createFile(paraFileName);
}
bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(paraFileName)));
if (sampleMap.size() > 0) {
bw.write('{');
int index = 0;
for (String key : sampleMap.keySet()) {
bw.write('\'');
bw.write(key);
bw.write('\'');
bw.write(':');
bw.write('\'');
bw.write(sampleMap.get(key));
bw.write('\'');
if (index < sampleMap.size() - 1) {
bw.write(',');
}
index++;
}
bw.write('}');
res = true;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}try {
if (bw != null) {
bw.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return res;
}
2、python脚本
import threading
import ast
from Queue import Queue
import pdfkit
import sys
import getopt
import codecs
class MyThread(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, q):
super(MyThread, self).__init__()
self.q = q
def run(self):
while True:
url_path = self.q.get()
url_in = url_path[0]
path = url_path[1]
createpdf(url=url_in, path=path)
self.q.task_done()
def createpdf(url, path):
options = {
'margin-top': '0in',
'margin-right': '0in',
'margin-bottom': '0in',
'margin-left': '0in',
'encoding': "UTF-8",
'javascript-delay': '200000',
}
num = 0
compete = pdfkit.from_url(url, path, options=options)
if compete:
num = 1
return num
if __name__ == '__main__':
parameterList = sys.argv[1:]
url = ''
file_name = ''
opts, args = getopt.getopt(parameterList, "u:f:", ['url=', 'file_name='])
for opt, arg in opts:
if opt in ("-u", "--url"):
url = arg
elif opt in ("-f", "--file_name"):
file_name = arg
# print('url:', url)
# print('file_name:', file_name)
sample_map = {}
f = codecs.open(filename=file_name, mode="r+", encoding='utf-8')
lines = f.readlines()
sample_map_string = ''
for line in lines:
sample_map_string = line
break
sample_map = ast.literal_eval(sample_map_string)
queue = Queue()
size = len(sample_map)
stable_num = 5
if size > stable_num:
size = stable_num
for x in range(size):
worker = MyThread(queue)
worker.daemon = True
worker.start()
for i in sample_map.keys():
url_path_list = [url + '?sample_sn=%s' % i, sample_map.get(i)]
queue.put(url_path_list)
queue.join()
print "completed:" + bytes(len(sample_map))