SpringCloud：分布式事务Seata部署和集成

一、部署Seata的tc-server

1.下载

首先我们要下载seata-server包，地址在http://seata.io/zh-cn/blog/download.html

2.解压

在非中文目录解压缩这个zip包，其目录结构如下：

3.修改配置

修改conf目录下的registry.conf文件：

内容如下：

#  Copyright 1999-2019 Seata.io Group.
#
#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
#  limitations under the License.

server:
  port: 7091

spring:
  application:
    name: seata-server

logging:
  config: classpath:logback-spring.xml
  file:
    path: ${user.home}/logs/seata
  extend:
    logstash-appender:
      destination: 127.0.0.1:4560
    kafka-appender:
      bootstrap-servers: 127.0.0.1:9092
      topic: logback_to_logstash

console:
  user:
    username: seata
    password: seata

seata:
  config:
    # support: nacos, consul, apollo, zk, etcd3
    type: file
    nacos:
      server-addr: 124.222.106.122:8848
      namespace: f4d6567e-1d68-476e-bcf5-9c08b34a605e
      group: DEFAULT_GROUP
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      #context-path:
      ##if use MSE Nacos with auth, mutex with username/password attribute
      #access-key:
      #secret-key:
      data-id: seataServer.properties
  registry:
    # support: nacos, eureka, redis, zk, consul, etcd3, sofa
    type: file
    nacos:
      application: seata-server
      server-addr: 124.222.106.122:8848
      group: DEFAULT_GROUP
      namespace: f4d6567e-1d68-476e-bcf5-9c08b34a605e
      cluster: SH
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      #context-path:
      ##if use MSE Nacos with auth, mutex with username/password attribute
      #access-key:
      #secret-key:    
  store:
    # support: file 、 db 、 redis
    mode: file
#  server:
#    service-port: 8091 #If not configured, the default is '${server.port} + 1000'
  security:
    secretKey: SeataSecretKey0c382ef121d778043159209298fd40bf3850a017
    tokenValidityInMilliseconds: 1800000
    ignore:
      urls: /,/**/*.css,/**/*.js,/**/*.html,/**/*.map,/**/*.svg,/**/*.png,/**/*.ico,/console-fe/public/**,/api/v1/auth/login

4.在nacos添加配置

特别注意，为了让tc服务的集群可以共享配置，我们选择了nacos作为统一配置中心。因此服务端配置文件seataServer.properties文件需要在nacos中配好。

格式如下：

配置内容如下：

# 数据存储方式，db代表数据库
store.mode=db
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata?useUnicode=true&rewriteBatchedStatements=true
store.db.user=root
store.db.password=123456
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000
# 事务、日志等配置
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000

# 客户端与服务端传输方式
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none
# 关闭metrics功能，提高性能
metrics.enabled=false
metrics.registryType=compact
metrics.exporterList=prometheus
metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898

其中的数据库地址、用户名、密码都需要修改成你自己的数据库信息。

5.创建数据库表

特别注意：tc服务在管理分布式事务时，需要记录事务相关数据到数据库中，你需要提前创建好这些表。

新建一个名为seata的数据库，运行sql文件，这些表主要记录全局事务、分支事务、全局锁信息：

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- 分支事务表
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `branch_table`;
CREATE TABLE `branch_table`  (
  `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `xid` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `transaction_id` bigint(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `resource_group_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `resource_id` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `branch_type` varchar(8) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `status` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `client_id` varchar(64) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `application_data` varchar(2000) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_create` datetime(6) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_modified` datetime(6) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `idx_xid`(`xid`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Compact;

-- ----------------------------
-- 全局事务表
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `global_table`;
CREATE TABLE `global_table`  (
  `xid` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `transaction_id` bigint(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `status` tinyint(4) NOT NULL,
  `application_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `transaction_service_group` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `transaction_name` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `timeout` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `begin_time` bigint(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `application_data` varchar(2000) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_create` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_modified` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`xid`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `idx_gmt_modified_status`(`gmt_modified`, `status`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `idx_transaction_id`(`transaction_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Compact;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

6.启动TC服务

进入bin目录，运行其中的seata-server.bat即可：

启动成功后，seata-server应该已经注册到nacos注册中心了。

打开浏览器，访问nacos地址：http://localhost:8848，然后进入服务列表页面，可以看到seata-tc-server的信息：

二、微服务集成seata

1.引入依赖

首先，我们需要在微服务中引入seata依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seataartifactId>
    <exclusions>
        
        <exclusion>
            <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
            <groupId>io.seatagroupId>
        exclusion>
    exclusions>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.seatagroupId>
    <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
    <version>${seata.version}version>
dependency>

2.修改配置文件

需要修改application.yml文件，添加一些配置：

seata:
  registry: # TC服务注册中心的配置，微服务根据这些信息去注册中心获取tc服务地址
    # 参考tc服务自己的registry.conf中的配置
    type: nacos
    nacos: # tc
      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      namespace: ""
      group: DEFAULT_GROUP
      application: seata-tc-server # tc服务在nacos中的服务名称
      cluster: SH
  tx-service-group: seata-demo # 事务组，根据这个获取tc服务的cluster名称
  service:
    vgroup-mapping: # 事务组与TC服务cluster的映射关系
      seata-demo: SH

三、TC服务的高可用和异地容灾

1.模拟异地容灾的TC集群

计划启动两台seata的tc服务节点：

节点名称	ip地址	端口号	集群名称
seata	127.0.0.1	8091	SH
seata2	127.0.0.1	8092	HZ

之前我们已经启动了一台seata服务，端口是8091，集群名为SH。

现在，将seata目录复制一份，起名为seata2

修改seata2/conf/registry.conf内容如下：

registry {
  # tc服务的注册中心类，这里选择nacos，也可以是eureka、zookeeper等
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    # seata tc 服务注册到 nacos的服务名称，可以自定义
    application = "seata-tc-server"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
    group = "DEFAULT_GROUP"
    namespace = ""
    cluster = "HZ"
    username = "nacos"
    password = "nacos"
  }
}

config {
  # 读取tc服务端的配置文件的方式，这里是从nacos配置中心读取，这样如果tc是集群，可以共享配置
  type = "nacos"
  # 配置nacos地址等信息
  nacos {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
    namespace = ""
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    username = "nacos"
    password = "nacos"
    dataId = "seataServer.properties"
  }
}

进入seata2/bin目录，然后运行命令：

seata-server.bat -p 8092

打开nacos控制台，查看服务列表：

点进详情查看：

2.将事务组映射配置到nacos

接下来，我们需要将tx-service-group与cluster的映射关系都配置到nacos配置中心。

新建一个配置：

配置的内容如下：

# 事务组映射关系
service.vgroupMapping.seata-demo=SH

service.enableDegrade=false
service.disableGlobalTransaction=false
# 与TC服务的通信配置
transport.type=TCP
transport.server=NIO
transport.heartbeat=true
transport.enableClientBatchSendRequest=false
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
transport.shutdown.wait=3
# RM配置
client.rm.asyncCommitBufferLimit=10000
client.rm.lock.retryInterval=10
client.rm.lock.retryTimes=30
client.rm.lock.retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict=true
client.rm.reportRetryCount=5
client.rm.tableMetaCheckEnable=false
client.rm.tableMetaCheckerInterval=60000
client.rm.sqlParserType=druid
client.rm.reportSuccessEnable=false
client.rm.sagaBranchRegisterEnable=false
# TM配置
client.tm.commitRetryCount=5
client.tm.rollbackRetryCount=5
client.tm.defaultGlobalTransactionTimeout=60000
client.tm.degradeCheck=false
client.tm.degradeCheckAllowTimes=10
client.tm.degradeCheckPeriod=2000

# undo日志配置
client.undo.dataValidation=true
client.undo.logSerialization=jackson
client.undo.onlyCareUpdateColumns=true
client.undo.logTable=undo_log
client.undo.compress.enable=true
client.undo.compress.type=zip
client.undo.compress.threshold=64k
client.log.exceptionRate=100

3.微服务读取nacos配置

接下来，需要修改每一个微服务的application.yml文件，让微服务读取nacos中的client.properties文件：

seata:
  config:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      data-id: client.properties

重启微服务，现在微服务到底是连接tc的SH集群，还是tc的HZ集群，都统一由nacos的client.properties来决定了。