Comparator是个接口,可重写compare()及equals()这两个方法,用于比价功能;如果是null的话,就是使用元素的默认顺序,如a,b,c,d,e,f,g,就是a,b,c,d,e,f,g这样,当然数字也是这样的。
compare(a,b)方法:根据第一个参数小于、等于或大于第二个参数分别返回负整数、零或正整数。
equals(obj)方法:仅当指定的对象也是一个 Comparator,并且强行实施与此 Comparator 相同的排序时才返回 true。
Collections.sort(list, new PriceComparator());的第二个参数返回一个int型的值,就相当于一个标志,告诉sort方法按什么顺序来对list进行排序。
具体实现代码方法如下:
Book实体类:
package com.tjcyjd.comparator;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.TreeMap;
/**
* 书实体类
*
* @author yjd
*
*/
public class Book implements Comparable { // 定义名为Book的类,默认继承自Object类
public int id;// 编号
public String name;// 名称
public double price; // 价格
private String author;// 作者
public GregorianCalendar calendar;// 出版日期
public Book() {
this(0, "X", 0.0, new GregorianCalendar(), "");
}
public Book(int id, String name, double price, GregorianCalendar calender,
String author) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.price = price;
this.calendar = calender;
this.author = author;
}
// 重写继承自父类Object的方法,满足Book类信息描述的要求
public String toString() {
String showStr = id + "\t" + name; // 定义显示类信息的字符串
DecimalFormat formatPrice = new DecimalFormat("0.00");// 格式化价格到小数点后两位
showStr += "\t" + formatPrice.format(price);// 格式化价格
showStr += "\t" + author;
SimpleDateFormat formatDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日");
showStr += "\t" + formatDate.format(calendar.getTime()); // 格式化时间
return showStr; // 返回类信息字符串
}
public int compareTo(Object obj) {// Comparable接口中的方法
Book b = (Book) obj;
return this.id - b.id; // 按书的id比较大小,用于默认排序
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Book b1 = new Book(10000, "红楼梦", 150.86, new GregorianCalendar(2009,
01, 25), "曹雪芹、高鄂");
Book b2 = new Book(10001, "三国演义", 99.68, new GregorianCalendar(2008, 7,
8), "罗贯中 ");
Book b3 = new Book(10002, "水浒传", 100.8, new GregorianCalendar(2009, 6,
28), "施耐庵 ");
Book b4 = new Book(10003, "西游记", 120.8, new GregorianCalendar(2011, 6,
8), "吴承恩");
Book b5 = new Book(10004, "天龙八部", 10.4, new GregorianCalendar(2011, 9,
23), "搜狐");
TreeMap tm = new TreeMap();
tm.put(b1, new Integer(255));
tm.put(b2, new Integer(122));
tm.put(b3, new Integer(688));
tm.put(b4, new Integer(453));
tm.put(b5, new Integer(40));
Iterator it = tm.keySet().iterator();
Object key = null, value = null;
Book bb = null;
while (it.hasNext()) {
key = it.next();
bb = (Book) key;
value = tm.get(key);
System.out.println(bb.toString() + "\t库存:" + tm.get(key));
}
}
}
自定义比较器和测试类:
package com.tjcyjd.comparator;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
public class UseComparator {
public static void main(String args[]) {
List list = new ArrayList(); // 数组序列
Book b1 = new Book(10000, "红楼梦", 150.86, new GregorianCalendar(2009,
01, 25), "曹雪芹、高鄂");
Book b2 = new Book(10001, "三国演义", 99.68, new GregorianCalendar(2008, 7,
8), "罗贯中 ");
Book b3 = new Book(10002, "水浒传", 100.8, new GregorianCalendar(2009, 6,
28), "施耐庵 ");
Book b4 = new Book(10003, "西游记", 120.8, new GregorianCalendar(2011, 6,
8), "吴承恩");
Book b5 = new Book(10004, "天龙八部", 10.4, new GregorianCalendar(2011, 9,
23), "搜狐");
list.add(b1);
list.add(b2);
list.add(b3);
list.add(b4);
list.add(b5);
// Collections.sort(list); //没有默认比较器,不能排序
System.out.println("数组序列中的元素:");
myprint(list);
Collections.sort(list, new PriceComparator()); // 根据价格排序
System.out.println("按书的价格排序:");
myprint(list);
Collections.sort(list, new CalendarComparator()); // 根据时间排序
System.out.println("按书的出版时间排序:");
myprint(list);
}
// 自定义方法:分行打印输出list中的元素
public static void myprint(List list) {
Iterator it = list.iterator(); // 得到迭代器,用于遍历list中的所有元素
while (it.hasNext()) {// 如果迭代器中有元素,则返回true
System.out.println("\t" + it.next());// 显示该元素
}
}
// 自定义比较器:按书的价格排序
static class PriceComparator implements Comparator {
public int compare(Object object1, Object object2) {// 实现接口中的方法
Book p1 = (Book) object1; // 强制转换
Book p2 = (Book) object2;
return new Double(p1.price).compareTo(new Double(p2.price));
}
}
// 自定义比较器:按书出版时间来排序
static class CalendarComparator implements Comparator {
public int compare(Object object1, Object object2) {// 实现接口中的方法
Book p1 = (Book) object1; // 强制转换
Book p2 = (Book) object2;
return p2.calendar.compareTo(p1.calendar);
}
}
}