1.创建student和score表
CREATE TABLE student (
id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY ,
name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ,
sex VARCHAR(4) ,
birth YEAR,
department VARCHAR(20) ,
address VARCHAR(50)
);
创建score表。SQL代码如下:
CREATE TABLE score (
id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT ,
stu_id INT(10) NOT NULL ,
c_name VARCHAR(20) ,
grade INT(10)
);
2.为student表和score表增加记录
向student表插入记录的INSERT语句如下:
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');
向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下:
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);
3.查询student表的所有记录
select * from student;
select * from student limit 1,3;
5.从student表查询所有学生的学号(id)、姓名(name)和院系(department)的信息
select id,name,department from student;
select * from syudent where department = '计算机系' or department = '英语系';
select * from student where year(now()) - birth >= 18 and year(now()) - birth <=22;
select department as '系别',count(department) as '人数' from student group by department;
select c_name as '科目',max(grade) as '最高分' from score group by c_name;
10.查询李四的考试科目(c_name)和考试成绩(grade)
select c.c_name 考试科目,c.grade 考试成绩 from score c,student s where c.stu_id=s.id and s.name='李四';
select c.*,s.* from score c inner join student s on c.stu_id=s.id;
select s.name 姓名,sum(grade) 总成绩 from score c inner join student s on c.stu_id=s.id group by s.name;
select s.name 姓名,avg(grade) 平均成绩 from score c inner join student s on c.stu_id=s.id group by s.name;
select s.* from score c inner join student s on c.stu_id=s.id where c.c_name='计算机' and c.grade < 95;
select s.* from student s,(select * from score where c_name='计算机') as s1 inner join (select * from score where c_name='英语') as s2 on s1.stu_id=s2.stu_id where s.id=s1.stu_id;
该方法思路确实牛,因为如果直接查询所有信息条件为c_name='计算机' and c_name='英语'的话结果是空什么也没有,因为数据是一条科目对应一行所以一行无法有两个科目的,若是用or虽然可以出结果但这是参加计算机或者英语考试的,与题目不符合,那么入手点就在于id每个人的id是不一样的,而同一个人的id是一样的,那么我们就可以在筛选出参与了计算机考试和英语考试的成员两个数据中去比较id,将双方id相同的比较出来再与score表中的id比较相同则选取出来,最后s.id=s1.stu_id和s.id=s2.stu_id都是一样的结果,以自身对比自身用子查询的方式呈现出来若是多科那么就继续按照该思路接着套娃就可以做出来。
select c.*,s.* from score c inner join student s on c.stu_id=s.id where c.c_name='计算机' order by grade desc;
17.从student表和score表中查询出学生的学号,然后合并查询结果
select c.c_name,c.grade,s.* from score c inner join student s on c.stu_id=s.id;
select c.c_name,c.grade,s.name,s.department from score c inner join student s on c.stu_id=s.id where s.name like "张%" or s.name like "王%";
select c.c_name,c.grade,s.name,year(now())-s.birth as 年龄,s.department from score c inner join student s on c.stu_id=s.id where address like "%湖南%";
注意其中计算年龄我使用的是year(now())-s.birth 是因为我的birth存储类型是year,如果是年月是就要换一种写法了。