mysql 5.6 主从表访问_mysql5.6 搭建主从复制环境
192.168.50.5 (作为 master )
192.168.50.6 (作为 slave )
搭建主从的几个必要条件
主库的 server-id=1323306、从库的 server-id=1323306 保证两者不一致
主库开启 binlog 功能
为了后期不出现数据不一致的情况 保证 binlog 日志格式为 row模式来实施搭建过程
环境说明：
Vagrant + VirtualBox + Centos7
虚拟机需要配置端口转发和文件挂载功能
如果你是root用户 以下所有命令不需要 sudo
config.vm.synced_folder "/Users/apple/Desktop/pkgs", "/home/vagrant/pkg"
#主库
config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 3306, host: 9005
config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.50.5"
#从库
config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 3306, host: 9006
config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.50.6"
在主库(192.168.50.5)上的操作
设置 mysql 配置
sudo vim /etc/my.cnf
my.cnf 内容如下
[client]
port=3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
open_files_limit = 65535
back_log = 103
max_connections = 512
max_connect_errors = 100000
table_open_cache = 512
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 51
query_cache_size = 32M
tmp_table_size = 96M
max_heap_table_size = 96M
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql/error.log
long_query_time = 0.5
server-id = 1323306
log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql-bin
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 128M
max_binlog_size = 1024M
expire_logs_days = 7
key_buffer_size = 32M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
character-set-server = utf8
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
binlog_format = row
#gtid_mode = on
#log_slave_updates = 1
#enforce_gtid_consistency = 1
interactive_timeout = 300
wait_timeout = 300
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1434M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdatal:1024M:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog = 0
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M
添加用户和用户组
sudo groupadd mysql
sudo useradd -g mysql mysql -s /sbin/nologin
Mysql 安装到/usr/local目录下 方便管理
将挂载的mysql文件拷贝一份到/usr/local目录下 具体看你文件挂载到哪个目录
cd /usr/local
sudo tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
sudo ln -s mysql-5.6.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
sudo chown mysql:mysql -R mysql
sudo mkdir -p /data/mysql
sudo chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql
安装前先解决依赖问题
sudo yum install perl-Data-Dumper -y
sudo yum install -y libaio libaio-devel -y
安装
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/scripts
sudo ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql
启动mysql服务
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
sudo ./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
查看mysql服务是否已经启动
ps -ef | grep mysql
登录mysql 默认没有密码 直接enter键进入 重置密码和删除危险账号并且刷新MySQL的系统权限相关表
./mysql -uroot -p
use mysql;
update user set password=password('root123') where user='root';
flush privileges;
delete from user where user != 'root' or host != 'localhost';
关闭mysql服务
./mysqladmin -uroot -proot123 shutdown
由于要做主从需要开启远程连接 记得刷新MySQL的系统权限相关表
use mysql;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root123';
flush privileges;
创建一个主从复制的账号 记得刷新MySQL的系统权限相关表
create user 'bak'@'192.168.50.%' identified by 'bak123';
grant replication slave on *.* to 'bak'@'192.168.50.%';
flush privileges;
初始化数据
--master-data=2 说明 让备份出来的文件记录这一时刻的 binlog 文件和 position 号 为搭建主从环境做准备
我这边是在 /home/vagrant/pkg 目录下执行此命令的 方便从库导入
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --single-transaction -uroot -proot123 --master-data=2 -A > all.sql
在从库(192.168.50.6)上的操作
从库 按上面步骤安装一下后导入主库数据库 记得更改server-id 不要和主库一样
恢复主库传递过来的数据
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -proot123 < all.sql
在数据库命令执行配置主从命令
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.50.5',MASTER_USER='bak',MASTER_PASSWORD='bak123',MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000005', MASTER_LOG_POS=2396;
执行开始主从复制的命令
start slave;
查看主从复制的状态
当从库 Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 都呈现 Yes 状态 代表主从复制开始工作了
show slave status \G;
