RabbitMQ七种工作模式分别的代码案例
- 简单模式（Simple Mode）
发送消息的代码：
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
routing_key='hello',
body='Hello World!')
print(" [x] Sent 'Hello World!'")
connection.close()
接收消息的代码：
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" [x] Received %r" % body)
channel.basic_consume(queue='hello',
auto_ack=True,
on_message_callback=callback)
print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()
- 工作队列模式（Work Queue Mode）
发送消息的代码：
import pika
import sys
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='task_queue', durable=True)
message = ' '.join(sys.argv[1:]) or "Hello World!"
channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
routing_key='task_queue',
body=message,
properties=pika.BasicProperties(
delivery_mode=2, # make message persistent
))
print(" [x] Sent %r" % message)
connection.close()
接收消息的代码：
import pika
import time
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='task_queue', durable=True)
print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" [x] Received %r" % body)
time.sleep(body.count(b'.'))
print(" [x] Done")
ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag)
channel.basic_qos(prefetch_count=1)
channel.basic_consume(queue='task_queue', on_message_callback=callback)
channel.start_consuming()
- 发布/订阅模式（Publish/Subscribe Mode）
发送消息的代码：
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='logs', exchange_type='fanout')
message = 'Hello World!'
channel.basic_publish(exchange='logs', routing_key='', body=message)
print(" [x] Sent %r" % message)
connection.close()
接收消息的代码：
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='logs', exchange_type='fanout')
result = channel.queue_declare('', exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue
channel.queue_bind(exchange='logs', queue=queue_name)
print(' [*] Waiting for logs. To exit press CTRL+C')
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" [x] %r" % body)
channel.basic_consume(queue=queue_name, on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)
channel.start_consuming()
- 路由模式（Routing Mode）
发送消息的代码：
import pika
import sys
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='direct_logs', exchange_type='direct')
severity = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 2 else 'info'
message = ' '.join(sys.argv[2:]) or 'Hello World!'
channel.basic_publish(exchange='direct_logs', routing_key=severity, body=message)
print(" [x] Sent %r:%r" % (severity, message))
connection.close()
接收消息的代码：
import pika
import sys
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='direct_logs', exchange_type='direct')
result = channel.queue_declare('', exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue
severities = sys.argv[1:]
if not severities:
sys.stderr.write("Usage: %s [info] [warning] [error]\n" % sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(1)
for severity in severities:
channel.queue_bind(exchange='direct_logs', queue=queue_name, routing_key=severity)
print(' [*] Waiting for logs. To exit press CTRL+C')
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" [x] %r:%r" % (method.routing_key, body))
channel.basic_consume(queue=queue_name, on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)
channel.start_consuming()
- 主题模式（Topic Mode）
发送消息的代码：
import pika
import sys
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='topic_logs', exchange_type='topic')
routing_key = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 2 else 'anonymous.info'
message = ' '.join(sys.argv[2:]) or 'Hello World!'
channel.basic_publish(exchange='topic_logs', routing_key=routing_key, body=message)
print(" [x] Sent %r:%r" % (routing_key, message))
connection.close()
接收消息的代码：
import pika
import sys
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='topic_logs', exchange_type='topic')
result = channel.queue_declare('', exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue
binding_keys = sys.argv[1:]
if not binding_keys:
sys.stderr.write("Usage: %s [binding_key]...\n" % sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(1)
for binding_key in binding_keys:
channel.queue_bind(exchange='topic_logs', queue=queue_name, routing_key=binding_key)
print(' [*] Waiting for logs. To exit press CTRL+C')
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(" [x] %r:%r" % (method.routing_key, body))
channel.basic_consume(queue=queue_name, on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)
channel.start_consuming()
- 远程过程调用模式（Remote Procedure Call Mode）
客户端代码：
import uuid
import pika
class FibonacciRpcClient(object):
def __init__(self):
self.connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
self.channel = self.connection.channel()
result = self.channel.queue_declare('', exclusive=True)
self.callback_queue = result.method.queue
self.channel.basic_consume(
queue=self.callback_queue,
on_message_callback=self.on_response,
auto_ack=True)
def on_response(self, ch, method, props, body):
if self.corr_id == props.correlation_id:
self.response = body
def call(self, n):
self.response = None
self.corr_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
self.channel.basic_publish(
exchange='',
routing_key='rpc_queue',
properties=pika.BasicProperties(
reply_to=self.callback_queue,
correlation_id=self.corr_id,
),
body=str(n))
while self.response is None:
self.connection.process_data_events()
return int(self.response)
fibonacci_rpc = FibonacciRpcClient()
print(" [x] Requesting fib(30)")
response = fibonacci_rpc.call(30)
print(" [.] Got %r" % response)
服务器端代码：
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='rpc_queue')
def fib(n):
if n == 0:
return 0
elif n == 1:
return 1
else:
return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2)
def on_request(ch, method, props, body):
n = int(body)
print(" [.] fib(%s)" % n)
response = fib(n)
ch.basic_publish(exchange='',
routing_key=props.reply_to,
properties=pika.BasicProperties(correlation_id = \
props.correlation_id),
body=str(response))
ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag)
channel.basic_qos(prefetch_count=1)
channel.basic_consume(queue='rpc_queue', on_message_callback=on_request)
print(" [x] Awaiting RPC requests")
channel.start_consuming()
- 确认模式（Confirm Mode）
发送消息的代码：
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.confirm_delivery()
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
message = 'Hello World!'
if channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
routing_key='hello',
body=message,
mandatory=True):
print(" [x] Sent %r" % message)
else:
print(" [!] Message was returned")
connection.close()
确认消息是否被成功发送的代码：
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.confirm_delivery()
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
message = 'Hello World!'
if channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
routing_key='