.net使用RabbitMQ简单实操

首先windows文件下载安装

Rabbit MQ 是建立在强大的Erlang OTP平台上，因此安装Rabbit MQ的前提是安装Erlang。通过下面两个连接下载安装3.2.3 版本：

1. 下载并安装 Erlang OTP For Windows (vR16B03)
2. 运行安装 Rabbit MQ Server Windows Installer (v3.2.3)
   默认安装的Rabbit MQ 监听端口是5672。先安装Erlang OTP后安装RabbitMQ，安装方式默认即可，RabbitMQ可以勾选安装后台服务、服务启动和停止等操作。
   激活Rabbit MQ’s Management Plugin
   使用Rabbit MQ 管理插件，可以更好的可视化方式查看Rabbit MQ 服务器实例的状态，打开CMD命令，cd到安装目录（…\rabbitmq_server-3.2.3\sbin）下，输入下面的命令激活：

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

要重启服务才能生效，可以执行

net stop RabbitMQ && net start RabbitMQ

输入网址，打开监控页面： http://localhost:15672 (默认账号和密码：guest 和guest)

配置RabbitMQ用户权限

RabbitMQ是存在用户权限的，默认是guest 密码也是guest，隶属于Administrator管理员下。现需要配置新用户和权限，继续打开CMD命令，cd到安装目录sbin下：

用户操作指令：

::查询服务状态
rabbitmqctl status
::列举虚拟主机列表
rabbitmqctl list_vhosts
::列举用户列表
rabbitmqctl list_users
:: 添加用户和密码
rabbitmqctl  add_user  hao  abc123
:: 设置权限  
rabbitmqctl  set_permissions  yy  ".*"  ".*"  ".*"
:: 分配用户组
rabbitmqctl  set_user_tags yy administrator
:: 删除guest用户
rabbitmqctl delete_user guest
::修改用户密码
rabbitmqctl change_password {username}  {newpassowrd}

像ADO.Net的五大对象也是，操作数据库先进行连接connection,然后使用command过滤出要选择的数据，使用DataReader或DataSet、DataAdapter,在RabbitMQ的使用当中也有基本固定的步骤。

一、生产者

1.创建连接connection:不管是生产者还是消费者都需要先于RabbitMQ服务器连接，才能进行数据交换

2.创建通道 Channel:生产者、消费者的消息传递是在通道下传递的

3.声明交换器、队列

4.交换器与队列进行绑定

5.通过交换器BasicPublish数据到队列

二、消费者

1.创建连接 :和生产者一样

2.创建通道:和生产者一样

3.声明交换器、队列

4.交换器与队列进行绑定

5.通过BasicGet方法获取队列中的数据

上面一、二是大致的基本步骤，按照大致的步骤来基本不会出现大的问题，其实生产者和消费者的前4个步骤基本一样，主要是第5个步骤，一个是生产BasicPublish发布，一个是获取Get。

三、出现的错误

在ConnectionFactory创建连接对象时出现上面提到的bug:None of the specified endpoints were reachable.

下面实操代码：
1，创建队列

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using System;
using System.Text;

namespace RabbitMQProduct
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Welcome to RabbitMQ Product!");
            DirectExchangeSendMsg();
            // TopicExchangeSendMsg();
            Console.WriteLine("按任意值，退出程序");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        /// 

        /// 连接配置
        /// 
        private static readonly ConnectionFactory rabbitMqFactory = new ConnectionFactory()
        {
            UserName = "howdyadmin",
            Password = "123456",
            Port = 5672,
            VirtualHost = "howdyVirtualHost"
        };
        /// 

        /// 路由名称
        /// 
        const string ExchangeName = "howdy.exchange";

        //队列名称
        const string QueueName = "howdy.queue";

        /// 

        /// 路由名称
        /// 
        const string TopExchangeName = "topic.howdy.exchange";

        //队列名称
        const string TopQueueName = "topic.howdy.queue";


        /// 

        ///  单点精确路由模式
        /// 
        public static void DirectExchangeSendMsg()
        {
            using (IConnection conn = rabbitMqFactory.CreateConnection())
            {
                using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())
                {
                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(ExchangeName, ExchangeType.Direct, durable: true, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(QueueName, durable: true, autoDelete: false, exclusive: false, arguments: null);
                    channel.QueueBind(QueueName, ExchangeName, routingKey: QueueName);

                    var props = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
                    props.Persistent = true;
                    string vadata = Console.ReadLine();
                    while (vadata != "exit")
                    {
                        var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(vadata);
                        channel.BasicPublish(exchange: ExchangeName, routingKey: QueueName, basicProperties: props, body: msgBody);
                        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("***发送时间:{0}，发送完成，输入exit退出消息发送",
                            DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
                        vadata = Console.ReadLine();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        /// 

        /// topic 模糊匹配模式，符号“#”匹配一个或多个词，符号“*”匹配不多不少一个词。因此“log.#”能够匹配到“log.info.oa”，但是“log.*” 只会匹配到“log.error”
        /// 
        public static void TopicExchangeSendMsg()
        {
            using (IConnection conn = rabbitMqFactory.CreateConnection())
            {
                using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())
                {
                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(TopExchangeName,ExchangeType.Topic, durable: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(TopQueueName, durable: false, autoDelete: false, exclusive: false, arguments: null);
                    channel.QueueBind(TopQueueName, TopExchangeName, routingKey: TopQueueName);
                    //var props = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
                    //props.Persistent = true;
                    string vadata = Console.ReadLine();
                    while (vadata != "exit")
                    {
                        var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(vadata);
                        channel.BasicPublish(exchange: TopExchangeName, routingKey: TopQueueName, basicProperties: null, body: msgBody);
                        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("***发送时间:{0}，发送完成，输入exit退出消息发送", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
                        vadata = Console.ReadLine();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

上面的代码分别创建了两个路由和两个队列，一种是DirectExchange，一种是TopicExchange，验证时需要生产者和消费者使用同一种的ExChange。

2，接收队列

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using RabbitMQ.Client.Events;
using System;
using System.Text;

namespace RabbitMQConsumer
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Welcome to RabbitMQ Consumer!");
            //DirectAcceptExchange();
             //DirectAcceptExchangeEvent();
            DirectAcceptExchangeTask();
            //TopicAcceptExchange();
            Console.WriteLine("按任意值，退出程序");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        /// 

        /// 连接配置
        /// 
        private static readonly ConnectionFactory rabbitMqFactory = new ConnectionFactory()
        {
            HostName = "127.0.0.1",
            UserName = "howdyadmin",
            Password = "123456",
            Port = 5672,
            VirtualHost = "howdyVirtualHost"
        };
        /// 

        /// 路由名称
        /// 
        const string ExchangeName = "howdy.exchange";

        //队列名称
        const string QueueName = "howdy.queue";

        /// 

        /// 路由名称
        /// 
        const string TopExchangeName = "topic.howdy.exchange";

        //队列名称
        const string TopQueueName = "topic.howdy.queue";


        /// 

        /// 基于时间轮询的，每隔一段时间获取一次
        /// 
        public static void DirectAcceptExchange()
        {
            using (IConnection conn = rabbitMqFactory.CreateConnection())
            {
                using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())
                {
                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(ExchangeName, ExchangeType.Direct, durable: true, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(QueueName, durable: true, autoDelete: false, exclusive: false, arguments: null);
                    channel.QueueBind(QueueName, ExchangeName, routingKey: QueueName);
                    while (true)
                    {
                        BasicGetResult msgResponse = channel.BasicGet(QueueName, true);
                        if (msgResponse != null)
                        {
                            var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(msgResponse.Body);
                            Console.WriteLine(string.Format("***接收时间:{0}，消息内容：{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), msgBody));
                        }

                        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        /// 

        /// 基于事件的，当消息到达时触发事件，获取数据
        /// 
        public static void DirectAcceptExchangeEvent()
        {
            using (IConnection conn = rabbitMqFactory.CreateConnection())
            {
                using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())
                {
                    //channel.ExchangeDeclare(ExchangeName, "direct", durable: true, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(QueueName, durable: true, autoDelete: false, exclusive: false, arguments: null);
                    //channel.QueueBind(QueueName, ExchangeName, routingKey: QueueName);
                    var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
                    consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
                    {
                        var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ea.Body);
                        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("***接收时间:{0}，消息内容：{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), msgBody));
                    };
                    channel.BasicConsume(QueueName,  true, consumer: consumer);
                    Console.WriteLine("按任意值，退出程序");
                    Console.ReadKey();
                }
            }
        }
        /// 

        /// 基于事件的，当消息到达时触发事件，获取数据
        /// 
        public static void DirectAcceptExchangeTask()
        {
            using (IConnection conn = rabbitMqFactory.CreateConnection())
            {
                using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())
                {
                    //channel.ExchangeDeclare(ExchangeName, "direct", durable: true, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(QueueName, durable: true, autoDelete: false, exclusive: false, arguments: null);
                    channel.BasicQos(prefetchSize: 0, prefetchCount: 1, global: false);//告诉broker同一时间只处理一个消息
                    //channel.QueueBind(QueueName, ExchangeName, routingKey: QueueName);
                    var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
                    consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
                    {
                        var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ea.Body);
                        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("***接收时间:{0}，消息内容：{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), msgBody));
                        int dots = msgBody.Split('.').Length - 1;
                        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(dots * 1000);
                        //处理完成，告诉Broker可以服务端可以删除消息，分配新的消息过来
                        channel.BasicAck(deliveryTag: ea.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);
                    };
                    //noAck设置false,告诉broker，发送消息之后，消息暂时不要删除，等消费者处理完成再说
                    channel.BasicConsume(QueueName, false, consumer: consumer);

                    Console.WriteLine("按任意值，退出程序");
                    Console.ReadKey();
                }
            }
        }
        /// 

        /// topic 模糊匹配模式，符号“#”匹配一个或多个词，符号“*”匹配不多不少一个词。因此“log.#”能够匹配到“log.info.oa”，但是“log.*” 只会匹配到“log.error”
        /// 
        public static void TopicAcceptExchange()
        {
            using (IConnection conn = rabbitMqFactory.CreateConnection())
            {
                using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())
                {
                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(TopExchangeName, ExchangeType.Topic, durable: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(TopQueueName, durable: false, autoDelete: false, exclusive: false, arguments: null);
                    channel.BasicQos(prefetchSize: 0, prefetchCount: 1, global: false);
                    channel.QueueBind(TopQueueName, TopExchangeName, routingKey: TopQueueName);
                    var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
                    consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
                    {
                        var msgBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ea.Body);
                        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("***接收时间:{0}，消息内容：{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), msgBody));
                        int dots = msgBody.Split('.').Length - 1;
                        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(dots * 1000);
                        Console.WriteLine(" [x] Done");
                        channel.BasicAck(deliveryTag: ea.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);
                    };
                    channel.BasicConsume(TopQueueName,  false, consumer: consumer);

                    Console.WriteLine("按任意值，退出程序");
                    Console.ReadKey();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

接收列队： 也是两个路由两个队列，在实现DirectExchange时使用了三种方式，DirectAcceptExchange是基于时间轮询的，每隔一段时间获取一次，DirectAcceptExchangeEvent、DirectAcceptExchangeTask是基于事件的，当消息到达时触发事件，获取数据

小伙伴一起试试吧