Qt浅谈之三十一数据表格（QTableWidget）

一、简介

        QTableWidget是QT对话框设计中常用的显示数据表格的控件，QTableWidget单元格数据是QTableWidgetItem对象来实现的，整个表格都需要用逐个单元格对象QTableWidgetItem构建起来。

二、详解

1、代码

（1）table.h

#ifndef TABLE_H
#define TABLE_H
#include 

class Table : public QTableWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    Table(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~Table();
    void setColumnValue(const int &columnSum, const QStringList &header);   //set header value
    void setHeaderWidth(const int &index, const int &width);    //set header and column widhth for each index
    void setHeaderHeight(const int &height);                    //set header height

    void addRowValue(const int &height, const QStringList &value, const QIcon &fileIcon);
    void setRowH(const int &index, const int &height);
    void setItemFixed(bool flag);
    bool getSelectedRow(QList &rowList);
    
protected:
    void contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event);
    QModelIndex moveCursor(CursorAction cursorAction, Qt::KeyboardModifiers modifiers);
    void keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event);

private:
    void createActions();
    
private slots:
    void slotItemEntered(QTableWidgetItem *item);
    void slotActionRename();
    void slotItemSelectionChanged();
    
private:
    int tableWidth;
    int tableHeight;
    QListrowHeghtList;
    QListrowWidthList;
    
    QMenu *popMenu;
    QAction *actionName;
    QAction *actionSize;
    QAction *actionType;
    QAction *actionDate;
    QAction *actionOpen;
    QAction *actionDownload;
    QAction *actionFlush;
    QAction *actionDelete;
    QAction *actionRename;
    QAction *actionCreateFolder;
    QTableWidgetItem *rightClickedItem;
    QMapfileMap;
    bool dupFlag;
};

// custom item delegate class
class NoFocusDelegate : public QStyledItemDelegate
{
protected:
    void paint(QPainter* painter, const QStyleOptionViewItem& option, const QModelIndex& index) const;
};
#endif // TABLE_H

（2）table.cpp

 

#include "table.h"

Table::Table(QWidget *parent)
    : QTableWidget(parent)
    , rightClickedItem(NULL)
    , dupFlag(false)
{
    rowHeghtList.clear();
    rowWidthList.clear();
    fileMap.clear();
    this->setMouseTracking(true);
    //setWindowTitle(tr("table"));
    horizontalHeader()->setDefaultSectionSize(100);
    verticalHeader()->setDefaultSectionSize(30);    //设置默认行高
    tableWidth = 100;
    tableHeight = 30;
    horizontalHeader()->setClickable(false);    //设置表头不可点击（默认点击后进行排序

    QFont font = horizontalHeader()->font();    //设置表头字体加粗
    font.setBold(true);
    horizontalHeader()->setFont(font);
    horizontalHeader()->setStretchLastSection(true);    //设置充满表宽度
    horizontalHeader()->setMovable(false);              //表头左右互换
    //verticalHeader()->setResizeMode(QHeaderView::ResizeToContents);

    setFrameShape(QFrame::NoFrame);      //设置无边框
    //setShowGrid(false);                //设置不显示格子线
    verticalHeader()->setVisible(false); //设置垂直头不可见
    setSelectionMode(QAbstractItemView::ExtendedSelection);  //可多选（Ctrl、Shift、  Ctrl+A都可以）
    setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView::SelectRows);  //设置选择行为时每次选择一行
    setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView::NoEditTriggers); //设置不可编辑

    setStyleSheet("selection-background-color:lightblue;");  //设置选中背景色
    //horizontalHeader()->setStyleSheet("QHeaderView::section{background:skyblue;}"); //设置表头背景色
    //setStyleSheet("background: rgb(56,56,56);alternate-background-color:rgb(48,51,55);selection-background-color:qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:0, y2:1, stop:0 rgb(56,56,56),stop:1 rgb(76,76,76));"); //设置选中背景色
    horizontalHeader()->setStyleSheet("QHeaderView::section{background-color: qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:0, y2:1, stop:0 rgba(134, 245, 99, 255),stop:0.5 rgba(134, 148, 99, 255),stop:1 rgba(115, 87, 128, 255));color:rgb(25, 70, 100);padding-left: 1px;border: 1px solid #FFFF00;}"); //设置表头背景色
    setAlternatingRowColors(true);

    //setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff);
    //setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff);
    //设置水平、垂直滚动条样式
    horizontalScrollBar()->setStyleSheet("QScrollBar{background:transparent; height:12px;}"
                                         "QScrollBar::handle{background:lightgray; border:2px solid transparent; border-radius:5px;}"
                                         "QScrollBar::handle:hover{background:gray;}"
                                         "QScrollBar::sub-line{background:transparent;}"
                                         "QScrollBar::add-line{background:transparent;}");

    verticalScrollBar()->setStyleSheet("QScrollBar{background:transparent; width:12px;}"
                                       "QScrollBar::handle{background:lightgray; border:2px solid transparent; border-radius:5px;}"
                                       "QScrollBar::handle:hover{background:gray;}"
                                       "QScrollBar::sub-line{background:transparent;}"
                                       "QScrollBar::add-line{background:transparent;}");

    // set the item delegate to your table widget
    setItemDelegate(new NoFocusDelegate());             //虚线边框去除
    //setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);   //去除选中虚线框
    horizontalHeader()->setHighlightSections(false);    //点击表时不对表头行光亮（获取焦点）

    createActions();
    setItemFixed(false);
    connect(this, SIGNAL(itemEntered(QTableWidgetItem*)), this , SLOT(slotItemEntered(QTableWidgetItem*)));
    connect(this, SIGNAL(itemSelectionChanged()), this , SLOT(slotItemSelectionChanged()));
    //this->resize(600, 600);
}

Table::~Table()
{

}

void Table::setColumnValue(const int &columnSum, const QStringList &header)
{
    setColumnCount(columnSum);                //设置列数
    this->setHorizontalHeaderLabels(header);  //设置列的标签
}

void Table::setHeaderWidth(const int &index, const int &width)
{
    horizontalHeader()->resizeSection(index,width);
    if (rowWidthList.count() <= index + 1) {
      rowWidthList.append(width);
    }
    else {
      rowWidthList[index+1] = width;
    }
    tableWidth = 0;
    for(int index = 0; index < rowWidthList.count(); index++)
       tableWidth += rowWidthList.at(index);
    resize(tableWidth, tableHeight);
}

void Table::setHeaderHeight(const int &height)
{
    horizontalHeader()->setFixedHeight(height);        //设置表头的高度
    if (rowHeghtList.isEmpty()) {
      rowHeghtList.append(height);
    }
    else {
      rowHeghtList[0] = height;
    }
    tableHeight = 0;
    for(int index = 0; index < rowHeghtList.count(); index++)
       tableHeight += rowHeghtList.at(index);
    resize(tableWidth, tableHeight);
}

void Table::addRowValue(const int &height, const QStringList &value, const QIcon &fileIcon)
{
    int row_count = rowCount();    //获取表单行数
    insertRow(row_count);          //插入新行
    setRowHeight(row_count, height);
    for (int index = 0; index < columnCount(); index++) {
        QTableWidgetItem *item = new QTableWidgetItem;
        if (index == 0) {
            item->setIcon(fileIcon);
            item->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignVCenter | Qt::AlignLeft);
            fileMap.insert(item, value.at(index));
        }
        else {
            item->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);
        }
        item->setText(value.at(index));
        setItem(row_count, index, item);
    }
    rowHeghtList.append(height);
    tableHeight += height; 
    resize(tableWidth, tableHeight);
}


void NoFocusDelegate::paint(QPainter* painter, const QStyleOptionViewItem & option, const QModelIndex &index) const
{
    QStyleOptionViewItem itemOption(option);
    if (itemOption.state & QStyle::State_HasFocus)
        itemOption.state = itemOption.state ^ QStyle::State_HasFocus;
    QStyledItemDelegate::paint(painter, itemOption, index);
}

void Table::setRowH(const int &index, const int &height)
{
  setRowHeight(index, height);
  if (rowHeghtList.count() <= index + 1) {
    rowHeghtList.append(height);
  }
  else {
    rowHeghtList[index+1] = height;
  }
  tableHeight = 0;
  for(int index = 0; index < rowHeghtList.count(); index++)
     tableHeight += rowHeghtList.at(index);
  resize(tableWidth, tableHeight);
}

void Table::createActions()
{
  popMenu = new QMenu();
  actionName = new QAction(this);
  actionSize = new QAction(this);
  actionType = new QAction(this);
  actionDate = new QAction(this);
  actionOpen = new QAction(this);   
  actionDownload = new QAction(this);
  actionFlush = new QAction(this);
  actionDelete = new QAction(this);
  actionRename = new QAction(this);
  actionCreateFolder = new QAction(this);
   
  actionOpen->setText(tr("打开"));
  actionDownload->setText(tr("下载"));
  actionFlush->setText(tr("刷新"));
  actionDelete->setText(tr("删除"));
  actionRename->setText(tr("重命名"));
  actionCreateFolder->setText(tr("新建文件夹"));
  actionName->setText(tr("名称"));
  actionSize->setText(tr("大小"));
  actionType->setText(tr("项目类型"));
  actionDate->setText(tr("修改日期"));
     
  actionFlush->setShortcut(QKeySequence::Refresh);
  connect(actionRename, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(slotActionRename()));
}

void Table::contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event)
{
  popMenu->clear();
  QPoint point = event->pos();
  rightClickedItem = this->itemAt(point);
  if(rightClickedItem != NULL) {
    popMenu->addAction(actionDownload);
    popMenu->addAction(actionFlush);
    popMenu->addSeparator();
    popMenu->addAction(actionDelete);
    popMenu->addAction(actionRename);
    popMenu->addSeparator();
    popMenu->addAction(actionCreateFolder);
    QMenu *sortStyle = popMenu->addMenu(tr("排序"));
    sortStyle->addAction(actionName);
    sortStyle->addAction(actionSize);
    sortStyle->addAction(actionType);
    sortStyle->addAction(actionDate);
        
    popMenu->exec(QCursor::pos());
    event->accept();
  }
}

QModelIndex Table::moveCursor(QAbstractItemView::CursorAction cursorAction, Qt::KeyboardModifiers modifiers)
{
    //重写移动光标事件，当存在编辑项的时候，让光标永远位于当前项（编辑项）,否则返回父类
    if(rightClickedItem && rightClickedItem->row() >= 0) {
        return currentIndex();
    }
    else {
       return QTableWidget::moveCursor(cursorAction, modifiers);
    }
}


void Table::keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event)
{
    if (event->key() == Qt::Key_Return || event->key() == Qt::Key_Enter) {
        QTableWidgetItem *item = currentItem();
        if (item) {
            closePersistentEditor(item);
            openPersistentEditor(item);
            slotItemSelectionChanged();
            dupFlag = false;
        }
    }
}

void Table::slotItemSelectionChanged()
{
    //关闭编辑项
    if (rightClickedItem && dupFlag == false) {
        int editRow = rightClickedItem->row();
        QTableWidgetItem *item = this->item(editRow, 0);
        QMap::iterator it;
        for (it = fileMap.begin(); it != fileMap.end(); ++it) {
            if (it.key() != item) {
                if (it.value() == item->text()) {
                    dupFlag = true;
                }
            }
        }
        if (dupFlag == false) {
            this->closePersistentEditor(item);
            rightClickedItem = NULL;
        }
        else {
            QMessageBox::critical(this,tr("错误提示"),tr("文件重名"), tr("确定"));
            setCurrentItem(item);
        }
    }
    else {
        dupFlag = false;
    }
}

void Table::setItemFixed(bool flag)
{
  if (flag == true)
      horizontalHeader()->setResizeMode(QHeaderView::Fixed);
  else
      horizontalHeader()->setResizeMode(QHeaderView::Interactive);
}

bool Table::getSelectedRow(QList &rowList)
{
    //多选并获取所选行
    QList items = this->selectedItems();
    int itemCount = items.count();
    if(itemCount <= 0) {
        return false;
    }
    for (int index = 0; index < itemCount; index++) {
        int itemRow = this->row(items.at(index));
        rowList.append(itemRow);
    }
    return  true;
}

void Table::slotItemEntered(QTableWidgetItem *item)
{
  if(!item)
    return;
  QString name = item->text();
  if (name.isEmpty())
    return;
  QToolTip::showText(QCursor::pos(), name);
}

void Table::slotActionRename()
{
    //获得当前节点并获取编辑名称
    if (rightClickedItem) {
        int editRow = rightClickedItem->row();
        QTableWidgetItem *item = this->item(editRow, 0);   //编辑的行号及第一列
        this->setCurrentCell(editRow, 0);
        this->openPersistentEditor(item);                  //打开编辑项
        this->editItem(item);
    }
}

（3）tablewidget.h

 

#ifndef TABLEWIDGET_H
#define TABLEWIDGET_H
#include "table.h"

class TableWidget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    TableWidget(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~TableWidget();

private:
    bool ScanFile(const QString & path);

private:
    Table *table;
};

#endif // TABLEWIDGET_H

（4）tablewidget.cpp

 

#include "tablewidget.h"

TableWidget::TableWidget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
{
    QTextCodec*codec = QTextCodec::codecForName("utf8");
    QTextCodec::setCodecForLocale(codec);
    QTextCodec::setCodecForCStrings(codec);
    QTextCodec::setCodecForTr(codec);
    setWindowTitle(tr("文件浏览"));
    table = new Table(this);

    QStringList header;
    header<setColumnValue(4, header);

    table->setHeaderWidth(0, 200);
    table->setHeaderWidth(1, 150);
    table->setHeaderWidth(2, 100);
    table->setHeaderWidth(3, 100);
    table->setHeaderHeight(30);
    //table->setRowH(0, 200);
    ScanFile(QApplication::applicationDirPath());
//    table->setRowHeight(46);
    resize(800, 800);
}

TableWidget::~TableWidget()
{

}

//Qt实现遍历文件夹和文件目录
bool TableWidget::ScanFile(const QString &path)
{
    QDir dir(path);
    if (!dir.exists())
        return false;
//    dir.setFilter(QDir::Dirs | QDir::Files | QDir::NoSymLinks | QDir::NoDotAndDotDot);
//    QFileInfoList list = dir.entryInfoList();
//    //QStringList list = dir.entryList();
//    for(int index = 0; index < list.count(); index++) {
//        QFileInfo fileInfo = list.at(index);
//        if (fileInfo.isDir()) {
//            ScanFile(fileInfo.filePath());
//        }
//        else {
//            qDebug() << "----------" << fileInfo.absoluteFilePath();
//        }
//    }
    QDirIterator dirIterator(path, QDir::Dirs | QDir::Files | QDir::NoSymLinks| QDir::NoDotAndDotDot, QDirIterator::Subdirectories);
    while(dirIterator.hasNext()) {
        dirIterator.next();
        QFileInfo fileInfo = dirIterator.fileInfo();
        QString filePath = fileInfo.absoluteFilePath();
        QFileIconProvider iconProvider;
        QIcon icon;
        if (fileInfo.isDir()) {          //获取指定文件图标
            icon = iconProvider.icon(QFileIconProvider::Folder);
        }
        else {
            icon = iconProvider.icon(fileInfo);
        }
        QFileIconProvider icon_provider;
        QString typeFile = icon_provider.type(fileInfo);
        table->addRowValue(30, QStringList()<< filePath <

（5）main.cpp

 

#include "tablewidget.h"
#include 

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    TableWidget w;
    w.show();

    return a.exec();
}

（6）运行结果

（7）总结
        根据网上博客修改了：鼠标点击的选项会出现虚框、创建右键菜单、获取文件图标类型、右键编辑时Tab键的处理和重命名文件重名后表格更新的、递归扫描文件夹。

 

2、QTableWidget控件属性

一、禁止编辑表格
在默认情况下，表格里的字符是可以更改的。
比如双击一个单元格，就可以修改原来的内容，如果想禁止用户的这种操作，让这个表格对用户只读，可以这样：

 

 

ui.qtablewidget->setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView::NoEditTriggers);

二、设置表格为选择整行

 

/*设置表格为整行选中*/
ui.qtablewidget->setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView::SelectRows);

三、设置单个选中和多个选中
单个选中意味着每次只可以选中一个单元格，多个就是相当于可以选择”一片“那种模式。

 

/*设置允许多个选中*/ 
ui.qtablewidget->setSelectionMode(QAbstractItemView::ExtendedSelection);

四、表格表头的显示与隐藏
对于水平或垂直方向的表头，如果不想显示可以用以下方式进行（隐藏/显示）设置：

 

ui.qtablewidget->verticalHeader()->setVisible(true);  
ui.qtablewidget->horizontalHeader()->setVisible(false);

五、设置具体单元格中字体的对齐方式

 

ui.qtablewidget->item(0, 0)->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter);

六、设置具体单元格中字体格式

 

ui.qtablewidget->item(1, 0)->setBackgroundColor(QColor(0,60,10));   
ui.qtablewidget->item(1, 0)->setTextColor(QColor(200,111,100));
ui.qtablewidget->item(1, 0)->setFont(QFont("Helvetica")); 

七、设置具体单元格的值

 

ui.qtablewidget->setItem(1, 0, new QTableWidgetItem(str));

八、把QTableWidgetItem对象内容转换为QString

 

QString str =ui.qtablewidget->item(0, 0)->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toString();

九、具体单元格中添加控件

 

QComboBox *comBox = new QComboBox();
comBox->addItem("F");
comBox->addItem("M");
ui.qtablewidget->setCellWidget(0,3,comBox);

十、合并单元格

 

//合并单元格的效果
ui.qtablewidget->setSpan(2, 2, 3, 2);
//第一个参数：要改变的单元格行数
//第二个参数：要改变的单元格列数
//第三个参数：需要合并的行数
//第四个参数：需要合并的列数

十一、具体单元格中插入图片

 

ui.qtablewidget->setItem(3, 2, new QTableWidgetItem(QIcon("images/music.png"), "Music"));

十二、设置显示网格

 

ui.qtablewidget->setShowGrid(true);//显示表格线

十三、设置滚动条

 

ui.qtablewidget->setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff);//去掉水平滚动条

十四、设置列标签

 

//初始化界面
    QStringList  HStrList;
    HStrList.push_back(QString("name"));
    HStrList.push_back(QString("id"));
    HStrList.push_back(QString("age"));
    HStrList.push_back(QString("sex"));
    HStrList.push_back(QString("department"));
    

    //设置行列数(只有列存在的前提下，才可以设置列标签)
    int HlableCnt = HStrList.count();
    ui.qtablewidget->setRowCount(10);
    ui.qtablewidget->setColumnCount(HlableCnt);

    //设置列标签
    ui.qtablewidget->setHorizontalHeaderLabels(HStrList);

十五、设置行和列的大小设为与内容相匹配

 

ui.qtablewidget->resizeColumnsToContents();  
ui.qtablewidget->resizeRowsToContents();  

十六、设置字体

 

ui.qtablewidget->setFont(font);   //设置字体

十七、获取某一单元格的内容

 

QString strText = ui.qtablewidget->item(0, 0)->text();

 

3、QTableWidget美化

 

QSS样式表（根据需求修改颜色）：

 

QTableWidget
{
background: rgb(56,56,56);
alternate-background-color:rgb(48,51,55);
selection-background-color:qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:0, y2:1, stop:0 rgb(56,56,56),stop:1 rgb(66,66,66));
}

QHeaderView::section
{
background-color: qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:0, y2:1, stop:0 rgb(46,46,46),stop:1 rgb(56,56,56));
color: rgb(210,210,210);
padding-left: 4px;border: 1px solid #383838;
}

QScrollBar:vertical
{
border: 0px solid grey;
background: transparent;
width: 15px;
margin: 22px 0 22px 0;
}
QScrollBar::handle:vertical
{
background: qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:1, y2:0, stop:0 rgb(46,46,46),stop:1 rgb(66,66,66));
min-height: 20px;
}
QScrollBar::add-line:vertical
{
border: 0px solid grey;
background: rgb(66,66,66);
height: 20px;
subcontrol-position: bottom;
subcontrol-origin: margin;
}
QScrollBar::sub-line:vertical
{
border: 0px solid grey;
background: rgb(56,56,56);
height: 20px;
subcontrol-position: top;
subcontrol-origin: margin;
}
QScrollBar::up-arrow:vertical, QScrollBar::down-arrow:vertical
{
border: 0px solid grey;
width: 3px;
height: 3px;
background: rgb(46,46,46);
}
QScrollBar::add-page:vertical, QScrollBar::sub-page:vertical
{
background: none;
}

四、总结

（1）源码中绝大部分的功能都没实现，Table也没进行完整的封装，可根据自己的需求修改代码。
（2）本代码的总结参考了网友的博客，在此感谢。
（3）源码已经打包上传到csdn上，可登录下载（http://download.csdn.net/detail/taiyang1987912/8938815）。
（4）若有建议，请留言，在此先感谢！