LeetCode:54. 螺旋矩阵(python)

LeetCode:54. 螺旋矩阵(python)

给定一个包含 m x n 个元素的矩阵(m 行, n 列),请按照顺时针螺旋顺序,返回矩阵中的所有元素。

示例 1:

输入:
[
[ 1, 2, 3 ],
[ 4, 5, 6 ],
[ 7, 8, 9 ]
]
输出: [1,2,3,6,9,8,7,4,5]

示例 2:

输入:
[
[1, 2, 3, 4],
[5, 6, 7, 8],
[9,10,11,12]
]
输出: [1,2,3,4,8,12,11,10,9,5,6,7]

LeetCode 链接

思路

  • 设置顺时针方向
  • 遍历矩阵,根据边界和是否访问过该节点来更新方向
附代码(Python):
class Solution:
    def spiralOrder(self, matrix):
        if not matrix:
            return None
        m, n = len(matrix), len(matrix[0])
        
        # 顺时针方向(右下左上)
        dm = [0, 1, 0, -1]     
        dn = [1, 0, -1, 0]
        di = 0                   # 方向指针
        
        res = []
        x = y = 0                # 位置
        for _ in range(m*n):     # 最多步长 m*n
            res.append(matrix[x][y])
            matrix[x][y] = 'v'   # 访问过标记为 'v'(‘visited’)
            
            # 下一步位置
            x_temp = x + dm[di] 
            y_temp = y + dn[di]
            # 判断下一步位置是否合理,若合理则更新位置,若不合理则改变方向并更新位置
            if 0<=x_temp<m and 0<=y_temp<n and matrix[x_temp][y_temp]!='v':
                x, y = x_temp, y_temp
            else:
                di = (di+1) % 4
                x += dm[di]
                y += dn[di]
        return res
test = Solution()
matrix_li = [
    [
     [ 1, 2, 3 ],
     [ 4, 5, 6 ],
     [ 7, 8, 9 ]
    ],
    
    [
      [1, 2, 3, 4],
      [5, 6, 7, 8],
      [9,10,11,12]
    ],
]
for matrix in matrix_li:
    print(test.spiralOrder(matrix))
[1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4, 5]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, 11, 10, 9, 5, 6, 7]

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