分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)

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文章目录

  • 分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)
    • ShardingSphere概述
    • Sharding-JDBC实战教程(下)
      • Sharding-JDBC广播表
        • Config实体类
        • ConfigMapper接口
        • application.properties
        • junit测试类
          • 测试1:往ds1.t_config这个广播表插入数据
      • Sharding-JDBC读写分离⭐
        • Docker搭建MySQL主从复制(1主1从)⭐
          • Master主节点配置
          • Slave从节点配置
          • 主从同步失败问题(Slave_SQL_Running:No)
            • Slave_SQL_Running:No的解决办法
        • 给Master和Slave的MySQL各自插入一张表⭐
          • 数据库(orderdb1)
          • 数据库表(orderdb1.order)
        • 开始配置Sharding-JDBC主从复制和读写分离⭐
        • application.properties
        • junit测试类
          • 测试1:测试主从同步,读写分离(写操作)⭐
          • 测试2:测试读写分离(读操作)⭐
      • 注意事项(遇到的bug的解决方案⭐)
          • 问题1:Druid数据源问题
    • Sharding-Proxy实战教程
      • Linux下载Sharding-Proxy4.1.1(window版本也是一样的安装方式)⭐
        • 方式1:官网下载(缺点是:需要修改很多地方,而且下载很慢,不推荐!)
        • 方式2:sharding-proxy的改进版(优点:拿来即用,不用修改任何东西,下载快。推荐⭐)
      • Linux安装JDK8(Sharding-Proxy需要JDK环境⭐)
      • Sharding-Proxy基本配置⭐
      • Sharding-Proxy分库分表⭐
        • 数据库(orderdb1和orderdb2)
        • Docker启动一个MySQL,并执行上面的命令
        • 开始配置分库分表
      • Sharding-Proxy读写分离⭐
        • Docker搭建MySQL主从复制(1主1从)⭐
          • Master主节点配置
          • Slave从节点配置
          • 主从同步失败问题(Slave_SQL_Running:No)
            • Slave_SQL_Running:No的解决办法
        • 给Master和Slave的MySQL各自插入一张表⭐
          • 数据库(orderdb1)
          • 数据库表(orderdb1.order)
        • 开始配置Sharding-Proxy读写分离⭐

分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)

项目所在仓库

ShardingSphere概述

Apache ShardingSphere 是一款开源的分布式数据库生态项目,由 JDBC 和 Proxy 两款产品组成。 其核心采用可插拔架构,通过组件扩展功能。 对上以数据库协议及 SQL 方式提供诸多增强功能,包括数据分片、访问路由、数据安全等;对下原生支持 MySQL、PostgreSQL、SQL Server、Oracle 等多种数据存储引擎。 Apache ShardingSphere 项目理念,是提供数据库增强计算服务平台,进而围绕其上构建生态。 充分利用现有数据库的计算与存储能力,通过插件化方式增强其核心能力,为企业解决在数字化转型中面临的诸多使用难点,为加速数字化应用赋能。

Sharding-JDBC实战教程(下)

Sharding-JDBC广播表

Config实体类
package com.boot.entity;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableField;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * TODO: 2022/8/8
 * @author youzhengjie
 */

//lombok注解简化开发
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Accessors(chain = true) //开启链式编程
@TableName("t_config")
public class Config implements Serializable {

    @TableField("config_id")
    private Long configId;

    @TableField("config_info")
    private String configInfo;
}
ConfigMapper接口
package com.boot.dao;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.boot.entity.Config;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Mapper
@Repository
public interface ConfigMapper extends BaseMapper<Config> {
    
}
application.properties
#配置ShardingSphere数据源,定义一个或多个数据源名称
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.names=ds1,ds2

#配置ds1的数据源(对应orderdb1数据库)
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/orderdb1?useSSL=false&autoReconnect=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.password=18420163207

#配置ds2的数据源(对应orderdb2数据库)
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/orderdb2?useSSL=false&autoReconnect=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.password=18420163207


# 配置广播表主键生成策略
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_config.key-generator.column= config_id
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_config.key-generator.type=SNOWFLAKE

# 配置广播表表名(广播表最核心的就是这个),上面配置了两个数据源(ds1和ds2)
# 广播表就是说当我们插入数据到ds1.t_config或者ds2.t_config中的随便那一个,另外一个数据源的t_config表也会自动插入相同的数据(其他操作都是一样会自动同步)
# 广播表会找到spring.shardingsphere.datasource.names配置的数据源列表对所有t_config进行同步。
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.broadcast-tables=t_config



#开启ShardingSphere的SQL输出日志
spring.shardingsphere.props.sql.show=true
# 在映射实体或者属性时,将数据库中表名和字段名中的下划线去掉,按照驼峰命名法映射 order_id ---> orderId
mybatis-plus.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true


# 这个配置一定要加(注意)
spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding= true
junit测试类
测试1:往ds1.t_config这个广播表插入数据
	@Autowired
    private ConfigMapper configMapper;	
	@Test
    void addConfigToBroadcastTable(){

        Config config = new Config();

        config.setConfigInfo("配置信息123");

        configMapper.insert(config);
        
    }
  • 输出日志:

分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第1张图片

  • 查看数据库:

分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第2张图片

Sharding-JDBC读写分离⭐

Docker搭建MySQL主从复制(1主1从)⭐
Master主节点配置
  • 1:运行一个mysql容器实例。作为Master节点(如果没有mysql镜像则会自动拉取)
docker run -p 3307:3306 \
-v /my-sql/mysql-master/log:/var/log/mysql \
-v /my-sql/mysql-master/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /my-sql/mysql-master/conf:/etc/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
--name mysql-master \
-d mysql:5.7
  • 2:创建my.cnf文件(也就是mysql的配置文件)
vim /my-sql/mysql-master/conf/my.cnf

将内容粘贴进my.cnf文件

[client]
# 指定编码格式为utf8,默认的MySQL会有中文乱码问题
default_character_set=utf8
[mysqld]
collation_server=utf8_general_ci
character_set_server=utf8

# 全局唯一id(不允许有相同的)
server_id=200
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
# 指定MySQL二进制日志(可以修改)
log-bin=order-mysql-bin
# binlog最大容量
binlog_cache_size=1M
# 二进制日志格式(这里指定的是混合日志)
binlog_format=mixed
# binlog的有效期(单位:天)
expire_logs_days=7
slave_skip_errors=1062
  • 3:重启该mysql容器实例
docker restart mysql-master
  • 4:进入容器内部,并登陆mysql(密码默认是123456)
$ docker exec -it mysql-master /bin/bash
$ mysql -uroot -p
  • 5:在Master节点的MySQL中创建用户和分配权限

在主数据库创建的该帐号密码只是用来进行同步数据。

create user 'slave'@'%' identified by '123456';

grant replication slave, replication client on *.* to 'slave'@'%';
Slave从节点配置
  • 1:运行一个MySQL容器实例,作为slave节点(从节点)
docker run -p 3308:3306 \
-v /my-sql/mysql-slave/log:/var/log/mysql \
-v /my-sql/mysql-slave/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /my-sql/mysql-slave/conf:/etc/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456  \
--name mysql-slave \
-d mysql:5.7
  • 2:创建my.cnf文件(也就是mysql的配置文件)
vim /my-sql/mysql-slave/conf/my.cnf

将内容粘贴进my.cnf文件

[client]
# 指定编码格式为utf8,默认的MySQL会有中文乱码问题
default_character_set=utf8
[mysqld]
collation_server=utf8_general_ci
character_set_server=utf8

# 全局唯一id(不允许有相同的)
server_id=201
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
# 指定MySQL二进制日志(可以修改)
log-bin=order-mysql-bin
# binlog最大容量
binlog_cache_size=1M
# 二进制日志格式(这里指定的是混合日志)
binlog_format=mixed
# binlog的有效期(单位:天)
expire_logs_days=7
slave_skip_errors=1062
# 表示slave将复制事件写进自己的二进制日志
log_slave_updates=1
# 表示从机只能读
read_only=1
  • 3:重启该mysql容器实例
docker restart mysql-slave
  • 4:查看容器实例是否都是up
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker ps | grep mysql
3be6e547ab4e   mysql:5.7                                                         "docker-entrypoint.s…"   About a minute ago   Up 24 seconds       33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3308->3306/tcp, :::3308->3306/tcp   mysql-slave
214fed096342   mysql:5.7                                                         "docker-entrypoint.s…"   7 minutes ago        Up 4 minutes        33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp, :::3307->3306/tcp   mysql-master
  • 5:进入从机MySQL
$ docker exec -it mysql-slave /bin/bash
$ mysql -uroot -p
  • 6:查询Master数据库所在的服务器(复制起来):
[Master数据库所在的服务器 ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.184.100  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.184.255
        inet6 fe80::224c:e6cc:c9ab:f4e0  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:af:f8:9f  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 113915  bytes 164657385 (157.0 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 12073  bytes 970949 (948.1 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
  • 7:在从数据库(slave)配置主从同步(记住下面这个命令要在从(slave)数据库执行)

在Master节点中找到ens33的ip地址并放到下面的master_host中(记住这个ip是Master数据库所在的服务器ip,不是从Slave数据库的ip):

change master to master_host='192.168.184.100',master_user='slave',master_password='123456',master_port=3307,master_log_file='order-mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=617,master_connect_retry=30;

配置参数解析

master_host:主数据库(Master)的 ip 地址
master_user:在Master数据库中创建的用来进行同步的帐号
master_password:在Master数据库中创建的用来进行同步的帐号的密码
master_port:Master数据库的 MySQL端口号,这里是3307
master_log_file:MySQL的 binlog文件名
master_log_pos:binlog读取位置

  • 8:在从数据库(slave)查看主从同步状态:
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: 
                  Master_Host: 192.168.184.100
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3307
                Connect_Retry: 30
              Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 617
               Relay_Log_File: 3be6e547ab4e-relay-bin.000001
                Relay_Log_Pos: 4
        Relay_Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: No
            Slave_SQL_Running: No
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 617
              Relay_Log_Space: 154
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 0
                  Master_UUID: 
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: 
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.15 sec)

ERROR: 
No query specified

我们找到里面的Slave_IO_Running: No,Slave_SQL_Running: No属性,发现都是No的状态,证明主从同步还没有开始。。。

  • 9:在从数据库(slave)正式开启主从同步
start slave;
  • 10:再次在从数据库中查看主从同步状态
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.184.100
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3307
                Connect_Retry: 30
              Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 617
               Relay_Log_File: 3be6e547ab4e-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 326
        Relay_Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 617
              Relay_Log_Space: 540
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 200
                  Master_UUID: a606bab7-1736-11ed-9207-0242ac110002
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.09 sec)

ERROR: 
No query specified

我们可以看到已经都为yes了,说明主从同步已经开启。

也可以用Navicat去连接这两个数据库。如果Navicat出现连接不了docker的mysql,则可以:

方法一:关闭防火墙(测试环境用,生产环境不可以用)

sudo systemctl stop firewalld

方法二:开放防火墙对应端口,比如master数据库的3307和slave数据库的3308(生产环境用这个)

主从同步失败问题(Slave_SQL_Running:No)
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.184.132
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3307
                Connect_Retry: 30
              Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 3752
               Relay_Log_File: 2c4136668536-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 326
        Relay_Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: No
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 1007
                   Last_Error: Error 'Can't create database 'mall'; database exists' on query. Default database: 'mall'. Query: 'create database mall'
  • Slave_SQL_Running为No的状态,那么这是为什么呢?
  • 可以看到Last_Error: Error ‘Can’t create database ‘mall’; database exists’ on query. Default database: ‘mall’. Query: ‘create database mall’
  • 原因是主数据库(Master)和从数据库(slave)不一致造成的,我在从数据库执行了命令导致数据不一致,最终导致主从复制失败。
Slave_SQL_Running:No的解决办法

1:把主数据库和从数据库变成一模一样,也就是把多余的数据库和表删除掉,变成默认的mysql状态。(切记生产环境下要做好数据备份!!!)

2:结束同步:

stop slave;

3:再次开启同步:

start slave;

4:搞定!

mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.184.132
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3307
                Connect_Retry: 30
              Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 3752
               Relay_Log_File: 2c4136668536-relay-bin.000003
                Relay_Log_Pos: 326
        Relay_Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
给Master和Slave的MySQL各自插入一张表⭐
数据库(orderdb1)
CREATE DATABASE orderdb1;
数据库表(orderdb1.order)
SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `order`;
CREATE TABLE `order`  (
  `order_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `order_info` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`order_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
  • 查看数据库:

分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第3张图片

开始配置Sharding-JDBC主从复制和读写分离⭐
application.properties
#配置ShardingSphere数据源,定义一个或多个数据源名称
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.names=master01,slave01

#配置master01的数据源(对应master主数据库)
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.master01.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.master01.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.master01.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.184.100:3307/orderdb1?useSSL=false&autoReconnect=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.master01.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.master01.password=123456

#配置slave01的数据源(对应slave从数据库)
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.slave01.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.slave01.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.slave01.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.184.100:3308/orderdb1?useSSL=false&autoReconnect=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.slave01.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.slave01.password=123456


# 配置order表主键生成策略
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.order.key-generator.column=order_id
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.order.key-generator.type=SNOWFLAKE



# 主从复制+读写分离三大配置(核心)

# 主从复制数据源定义为:master-slave-datasource01(其实都可以)
# master-data-source-name:为上面定义的master主数据源的名称(只能写一个主库),写操作全部到master01数据源
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.master-slave-rules.master-slave-datasource01.master-data-source-name=master01
# slave-data-source-names:为上面定义的slave从数据源的名称列表(**可以写多个,用逗号分隔**),读操作全部到slave01数据源
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.master-slave-rules.master-slave-datasource01.slave-data-source-names=slave01
# order分表策略,固定分配至 master-slave-datasource01 的 order 真实表
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.order.actual-data-nodes=master-slave-datasource01.order




#开启ShardingSphere的SQL输出日志
spring.shardingsphere.props.sql.show=true
# 在映射实体或者属性时,将数据库中表名和字段名中的下划线去掉,按照驼峰命名法映射 order_id ---> orderId
mybatis-plus.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true


# 这个配置一定要加(注意)
spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding= true
junit测试类
测试1:测试主从同步,读写分离(写操作)⭐
	@Autowired
    private OrderMapper orderMapper;

    //测试主从同步,读写分离(写操作)
    @Test
    void addOrder(){

        Order order = new Order();

        order.setOrderInfo("测试主从复制")
             .setUserId(1001L);


        orderMapper.insert(order);

    }
  • 输出日志:(查看写操作是到哪个数据源中执行)

分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第4张图片

  • 查看数据库:(查看主从复制是否成功)

分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第5张图片

测试2:测试读写分离(读操作)⭐
	// 测试读写分离(读操作)
    @Test
    void selectOrder(){

        List<Order> orders = orderMapper.selectList(null);

        orders.forEach(System.out::println);

    }
  • 输出日志:(查看读操作是到哪个数据源中执行)

分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第6张图片

注意事项(遇到的bug的解决方案⭐)

问题1:Druid数据源问题

不要使用druid-spring-boot-starter这个依赖,否则启动会出现问题(会有冲突)。

解决方案:(使用下面的Druid数据源,可以自己调整版本,其他不动!)


        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
            <artifactId>druidartifactId>
            <version>1.2.6version>
        dependency>

Sharding-Proxy实战教程

ShardingSphere-Proxy 是 Apache ShardingSphere 的第二个产品。 它定位为透明化的数据库代理端,通过实现数据库二进制协议,对异构语言提供支持。 目前提供 MySQL 和 PostgreSQL 协议,透明化数据库操作,对 DBA 更加友好。

ShardingSphere-Proxy 的优势在于对异构语言的支持,以及为 DBA 提供可操作入口。

Linux下载Sharding-Proxy4.1.1(window版本也是一样的安装方式)⭐

方式1:官网下载(缺点是:需要修改很多地方,而且下载很慢,不推荐!)
  • 1:进入官网下载:

shardingsphere所有版本

分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第7张图片
分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第8张图片

  • 2:解压Sharding-Proxy包,然后把lib目录下的所有文件后缀名都改成.jar(这里是一个坑,有一些文件后缀名不是.jar,此时我们需要更改过来)

分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第9张图片

  • 3:下载mysql的jar包放到Sharding-Proxy的lib目录下,然后打成zip包上传到服务器:

mysql-connector-java-8快速下载地址

分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第10张图片
分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第11张图片

  • 4:查看sharding-proxy的zip包是否上传成功:
[root@k8s-master sharding-proxy]# pwd
/root/sharding-proxy
[root@k8s-master sharding-proxy]# ls
apache-shardingsphere-4.1.1-sharding-proxy-bin.zip
  • 5:由于这个sharding-proxy是zip包,所以要下载unzip进行解压缩。
yum -y install unzip
  • 6:解压sharding-proxy
unzip apache-shardingsphere-4.1.1-sharding-proxy-bin.zip
  • 7:给文件夹改个名:
mv apache-shardingsphere-4.1.1-sharding-proxy-bin sharding-proxy-4.1.1
方式2:sharding-proxy的改进版(优点:拿来即用,不用修改任何东西,下载快。推荐⭐)

下载地址

  • 1:将zip包上传到服务器:

  • 2:查看sharding-proxy的zip包是否上传成功:

[root@k8s-master sharding-proxy]# pwd
/root/sharding-proxy
[root@k8s-master sharding-proxy]# ls
apache-shardingsphere-4.1.1-sharding-proxy-bin.zip
  • 3:由于这个sharding-proxy是zip包,所以要下载unzip进行解压缩。
yum -y install unzip
  • 4:解压sharding-proxy
unzip apache-shardingsphere-4.1.1-sharding-proxy-bin.zip
  • 5:给文件夹改个名:
mv apache-shardingsphere-4.1.1-sharding-proxy-bin sharding-proxy-4.1.1

Linux安装JDK8(Sharding-Proxy需要JDK环境⭐)

  • 1:去官网下载JDK8的tar.gz包;或者下载我们下面给的地址的zip包。然后上传到Linux服务器(我们拿下面的zip包举例)

快速下载JDK8的Linux包

[root@k8s-master jdk]# pwd
/root/jdk
[root@k8s-master jdk]# ls
jdk1.8-linux.zip
  • 2:解压zip包:
unzip jdk1.8-linux.zip
  • 3:在/usr/local下创建文件夹:
mkdir -p /usr/local/java
  • 4:将刚刚解压到的jdk复制过去:
cp -rf jdk1.8-linux /usr/local/java
  • 5:当前jdk目录:
[root@k8s-master java]# pwd
/usr/local/java
[root@k8s-master java]# ls
jdk1.8-linux
  • 6:配置环境变量:

在最后一行粘贴:(注意:JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8-linux 就是你刚刚copy到/usr/local/java下的java目录文件夹)

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8-linux
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
  • 7:让刚刚设置的环境变量生效并检查是否安装成功
source /etc/profile
  • 8:给/usr/local/java/jdk1.8-linux/bin/java目录权限:
chmod +x /usr/local/java/jdk1.8-linux/bin/java
  • 9:查看是否安装成功:
[root@k8s-master java]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_333"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_333-b02)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.333-b02, mixed mode)

Sharding-Proxy基本配置⭐

  • 1:进入sharding-proxy的配置文件所在目录:
cd /root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/conf
  • 2:删除文件 server.yaml
rm -f /root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/conf/server.yaml
  • 3:重新编辑server.yaml
vi /root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/conf/server.yaml

内容如下:

# orchestration配置服务治理(例如nacos、zookeeper等等都可以接入进去)

#orchestration:
#  orchestration_ds:
#    orchestrationType: registry_center,config_center # 服务治理的类型(一般就是注册中心和配置中心)
#    instanceType: zookeeper #服务治理的类型(例如nacos、zookeeper等等)
#    serverLists: localhost:2181 #服务治理的url地址(也就是nacos、zookeeper的地址)
#    namespace: orchestration
#    props:
#      overwrite: false
#      retryIntervalMilliseconds: 500
#      timeToLiveSeconds: 60
#      maxRetries: 3
#      operationTimeoutMilliseconds: 500

# 配置用户帐号密码权限:
authentication:
  users:
    root: # 这个代表帐号为:root
      password: root # 帐号为root的用户密码为root (并且权限最高)
    sharding: # 这个代表帐号为:sharding
      password: sharding # 帐号为sharding的用户密码为sharding
      authorizedSchemas: sharding_db # 帐号为sharding的用户只能操作sharding_db数据库
      
# 下面的配置不用管,把注释去掉即可。
props:
  max.connections.size.per.query: 1
  acceptor.size: 16  # The default value is available processors count * 2.
  executor.size: 16  # Infinite by default.
  proxy.frontend.flush.threshold: 128  # The default value is 128.
    # LOCAL: Proxy will run with LOCAL transaction.
    # XA: Proxy will run with XA transaction.
    # BASE: Proxy will run with B.A.S.E transaction.
  proxy.transaction.type: LOCAL
  proxy.opentracing.enabled: false
  proxy.hint.enabled: false
  query.with.cipher.column: true
  sql.show: false
  allow.range.query.with.inline.sharding: false

Sharding-Proxy分库分表⭐

数据库(orderdb1和orderdb2)
CREATE DATABASE orderdb1;
CREATE DATABASE orderdb2;

数据库逻辑表:(orderdb1和orderdb2数据库都要执行下面的语句)

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `order`;
CREATE TABLE `order`  (
  `order_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `order_info` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`order_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `order_1`;
CREATE TABLE `order_1`  (
  `order_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `order_info` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`order_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `order_2`;
CREATE TABLE `order_2`  (
  `order_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `order_info` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`order_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_config`;
CREATE TABLE `t_config`  (
  `config_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `config_info` text CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`config_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
Docker启动一个MySQL,并执行上面的命令
docker run -p 3311:3306 \
-v /my-sql/mysql01/log:/var/log/mysql \
-v /my-sql/mysql01/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /my-sql/mysql01/conf:/etc/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
--name mysql01 \
-d mysql:5.7
  • 效果图:

分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第12张图片

开始配置分库分表
  • 1:删除 config-sharding.yaml(或者直接编辑都可以)
rm -f /root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/conf/config-sharding.yaml
  • 2:重新编辑config-sharding.yaml:
vi /root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/conf/config-sharding.yaml

内容如下:

# sharding-proxy分库分表默认的代理数据库,通过这个数据库可以访问我们真实的数据库(不用改它)
schemaName: sharding_db
# 配置数据源
dataSources:
  ds1: # 定义一个ds1数据源
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.184.100:3311/orderdb1?serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=false #mysql的url
    username: root # mysql帐号
    password: 123456 # mysql密码
    connectionTimeoutMilliseconds: 30000
    idleTimeoutMilliseconds: 60000
    maxLifetimeMilliseconds: 1800000
    maxPoolSize: 50
  ds2: # 定义一个ds2数据源
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.184.100:3311/orderdb2?serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=false #mysql的url
    username: root # mysql帐号
    password: 123456 # mysql密码
    connectionTimeoutMilliseconds: 30000
    idleTimeoutMilliseconds: 60000
    maxLifetimeMilliseconds: 1800000
    maxPoolSize: 50
#配置分片规则
shardingRule:
  tables:
    order: # 逻辑表名(我们的逻辑表是order)
      actualDataNodes: ds${1..2}.order_${1..2} #数据节点分布(没有真实表的话sharding-proxy会自动生成,所以只需要逻辑表即可)
      databaseStrategy: #分库策略
        inline: # 指定inline分库策略
          shardingColumn: order_id #分片键
          algorithmExpression: ds${order_id % 2 + 1}  # 分片算法        
      tableStrategy: # 分表策略
        inline: # 指定inline分表策略
          shardingColumn: order_id #分片键
          algorithmExpression: order_${order_id % 2 + 1} # 分片算法
      keyGenerator: # 主键生成策略
        type: SNOWFLAKE #雪花算法
        column: order_id #主键字段
  • 3:给sharding-proxy启动脚本权限:
[root@k8s-master bin]# cd /root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/bin
[root@k8s-master bin]# chmod u+x *.sh
  • 4:启动 Sharding-Proxy 服务(指定sharding-proxy的端口为3366,不要使用默认端口)
[root@k8s-master bin]# pwd
/root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/bin
[root@k8s-master bin]# ./start.sh 3366
Starting the Sharding-Proxy ...
The port is 3366
The classpath is /root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/conf:.:..:/root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/lib/*:/root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/lib/*:/root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/ext-lib/*
Please check the STDOUT file: /root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/logs/stdout.log
  • 5:查看是否启动成功:
cat /root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/logs/stdout.log

分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第13张图片

  • 6:application.properties:(注意:下面的账号、密码、IP、端口、数据库全部要换成sharding-proxy的)
#关闭shardingsphere-JDBC(由于我们不使用shardingsphere-JDBC所以需要先关闭)
spring.shardingsphere.enabled=false


# 配置普通的JDBC数据源(去连接sharding-proxy的分库分表代理数据库)
spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# 将url换成sharding-proxy代理数据库的IP和端口(3366),数据库统一换成sharding_db(sharding-proxy的分库分表代理数据库)-----重点
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.184.100:3366/sharding_db?useSSL=false&autoReconnect=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
# sharding-proxy的账号
spring.datasource.username=root
# sharding-proxy的密码
spring.datasource.password=root


# 在映射实体或者属性时,将数据库中表名和字段名中的下划线去掉,按照驼峰命名法映射 order_id ---> orderId
mybatis-plus.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true


# 这个配置一定要加(注意)
spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding= true
  • 7:测试方法:
	@Test
    void addOrder(){

        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
            Order order = new Order();

            order.setOrderId(Long.valueOf("1000"+i))
                    . setOrderInfo("Sharding-Proxy success")
                    .setUserId(1001L);


            orderMapper.insert(order);
        }
  • 8:查看数据库:

分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第14张图片

Sharding-Proxy读写分离⭐

Docker搭建MySQL主从复制(1主1从)⭐
Master主节点配置
  • 1:运行一个mysql容器实例。作为Master节点(如果没有mysql镜像则会自动拉取)
docker run -p 3307:3306 \
-v /my-sql/mysql-master/log:/var/log/mysql \
-v /my-sql/mysql-master/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /my-sql/mysql-master/conf:/etc/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
--name mysql-master \
-d mysql:5.7
  • 2:创建my.cnf文件(也就是mysql的配置文件)
vim /my-sql/mysql-master/conf/my.cnf

将内容粘贴进my.cnf文件

[client]
# 指定编码格式为utf8,默认的MySQL会有中文乱码问题
default_character_set=utf8
[mysqld]
collation_server=utf8_general_ci
character_set_server=utf8

# 全局唯一id(不允许有相同的)
server_id=200
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
# 指定MySQL二进制日志(可以修改)
log-bin=order-mysql-bin
# binlog最大容量
binlog_cache_size=1M
# 二进制日志格式(这里指定的是混合日志)
binlog_format=mixed
# binlog的有效期(单位:天)
expire_logs_days=7
slave_skip_errors=1062
  • 3:重启该mysql容器实例
docker restart mysql-master
  • 4:进入容器内部,并登陆mysql(密码默认是123456)
$ docker exec -it mysql-master /bin/bash
$ mysql -uroot -p
  • 5:在Master节点的MySQL中创建用户和分配权限

在主数据库创建的该帐号密码只是用来进行同步数据。

create user 'slave'@'%' identified by '123456';

grant replication slave, replication client on *.* to 'slave'@'%';
Slave从节点配置
  • 1:运行一个MySQL容器实例,作为slave节点(从节点)
docker run -p 3308:3306 \
-v /my-sql/mysql-slave/log:/var/log/mysql \
-v /my-sql/mysql-slave/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /my-sql/mysql-slave/conf:/etc/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456  \
--name mysql-slave \
-d mysql:5.7
  • 2:创建my.cnf文件(也就是mysql的配置文件)
vim /my-sql/mysql-slave/conf/my.cnf

将内容粘贴进my.cnf文件

[client]
# 指定编码格式为utf8,默认的MySQL会有中文乱码问题
default_character_set=utf8
[mysqld]
collation_server=utf8_general_ci
character_set_server=utf8

# 全局唯一id(不允许有相同的)
server_id=201
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
# 指定MySQL二进制日志(可以修改)
log-bin=order-mysql-bin
# binlog最大容量
binlog_cache_size=1M
# 二进制日志格式(这里指定的是混合日志)
binlog_format=mixed
# binlog的有效期(单位:天)
expire_logs_days=7
slave_skip_errors=1062
# 表示slave将复制事件写进自己的二进制日志
log_slave_updates=1
# 表示从机只能读
read_only=1
  • 3:重启该mysql容器实例
docker restart mysql-slave
  • 4:查看容器实例是否都是up
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker ps | grep mysql
3be6e547ab4e   mysql:5.7                                                         "docker-entrypoint.s…"   About a minute ago   Up 24 seconds       33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3308->3306/tcp, :::3308->3306/tcp   mysql-slave
214fed096342   mysql:5.7                                                         "docker-entrypoint.s…"   7 minutes ago        Up 4 minutes        33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp, :::3307->3306/tcp   mysql-master
  • 5:进入从机MySQL
$ docker exec -it mysql-slave /bin/bash
$ mysql -uroot -p
  • 6:查询Master数据库所在的服务器(复制起来):
[Master数据库所在的服务器 ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.184.100  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.184.255
        inet6 fe80::224c:e6cc:c9ab:f4e0  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:af:f8:9f  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 113915  bytes 164657385 (157.0 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 12073  bytes 970949 (948.1 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
  • 7:在从数据库(slave)配置主从同步(记住下面这个命令要在从(slave)数据库执行)

在Master节点中找到ens33的ip地址并放到下面的master_host中(记住这个ip是Master数据库所在的服务器ip,不是从Slave数据库的ip):

change master to master_host='192.168.184.100',master_user='slave',master_password='123456',master_port=3307,master_log_file='order-mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=617,master_connect_retry=30;

配置参数解析

master_host:主数据库(Master)的 ip 地址
master_user:在Master数据库中创建的用来进行同步的帐号
master_password:在Master数据库中创建的用来进行同步的帐号的密码
master_port:Master数据库的 MySQL端口号,这里是3307
master_log_file:MySQL的 binlog文件名
master_log_pos:binlog读取位置

  • 8:在从数据库(slave)查看主从同步状态:
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: 
                  Master_Host: 192.168.184.100
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3307
                Connect_Retry: 30
              Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 617
               Relay_Log_File: 3be6e547ab4e-relay-bin.000001
                Relay_Log_Pos: 4
        Relay_Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: No
            Slave_SQL_Running: No
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 617
              Relay_Log_Space: 154
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 0
                  Master_UUID: 
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: 
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.15 sec)

ERROR: 
No query specified

我们找到里面的Slave_IO_Running: No,Slave_SQL_Running: No属性,发现都是No的状态,证明主从同步还没有开始。。。

  • 9:在从数据库(slave)正式开启主从同步
start slave;
  • 10:再次在从数据库中查看主从同步状态
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.184.100
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3307
                Connect_Retry: 30
              Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 617
               Relay_Log_File: 3be6e547ab4e-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 326
        Relay_Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 617
              Relay_Log_Space: 540
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 200
                  Master_UUID: a606bab7-1736-11ed-9207-0242ac110002
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.09 sec)

ERROR: 
No query specified

我们可以看到已经都为yes了,说明主从同步已经开启。

也可以用Navicat去连接这两个数据库。如果Navicat出现连接不了docker的mysql,则可以:

方法一:关闭防火墙(测试环境用,生产环境不可以用)

sudo systemctl stop firewalld

方法二:开放防火墙对应端口,比如master数据库的3307和slave数据库的3308(生产环境用这个)

主从同步失败问题(Slave_SQL_Running:No)
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.184.132
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3307
                Connect_Retry: 30
              Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 3752
               Relay_Log_File: 2c4136668536-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 326
        Relay_Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: No
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 1007
                   Last_Error: Error 'Can't create database 'mall'; database exists' on query. Default database: 'mall'. Query: 'create database mall'
  • Slave_SQL_Running为No的状态,那么这是为什么呢?
  • 可以看到Last_Error: Error ‘Can’t create database ‘mall’; database exists’ on query. Default database: ‘mall’. Query: ‘create database mall’
  • 原因是主数据库(Master)和从数据库(slave)不一致造成的,我在从数据库执行了命令导致数据不一致,最终导致主从复制失败。
Slave_SQL_Running:No的解决办法

1:把主数据库和从数据库变成一模一样,也就是把多余的数据库和表删除掉,变成默认的mysql状态。(切记生产环境下要做好数据备份!!!)

2:结束同步:

stop slave;

3:再次开启同步:

start slave;

4:搞定!

mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.184.132
                  Master_User: slave
                  Master_Port: 3307
                Connect_Retry: 30
              Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 3752
               Relay_Log_File: 2c4136668536-relay-bin.000003
                Relay_Log_Pos: 326
        Relay_Master_Log_File: order-mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
给Master和Slave的MySQL各自插入一张表⭐
数据库(orderdb1)
CREATE DATABASE orderdb1;
数据库表(orderdb1.order)
SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `order`;
CREATE TABLE `order`  (
  `order_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `order_info` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`order_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
  • 查看数据库:
    分库分表-ShardingSphere 4.x(2)_第15张图片
开始配置Sharding-Proxy读写分离⭐
  • 1:如果刚刚启动了Sharding-Proxy,则先stop一下:
[root@k8s-master bin]# pwd
/root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/bin
[root@k8s-master bin]# ./stop.sh
  • 2:删除config-master_slave.yaml文件
rm -rf /root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/conf/config-master_slave.yaml
  • 3:重新编辑config-master_slave.yaml文件
vi /root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/conf/config-master_slave.yaml

内容如下:

# 设置sharding-proxy读写分离代理数据库(默认为master_slave_db)
schemaName: master_slave_db

# 配置数据源()
dataSources:
  master_ds: # 定义一个名为master_ds的数据源
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.184.100:3307/orderdb1?serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123456
    connectionTimeoutMilliseconds: 30000
    idleTimeoutMilliseconds: 60000
    maxLifetimeMilliseconds: 1800000
    maxPoolSize: 50
  slave_ds_1: # 定义一个名为slave_ds_1的数据源
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.184.100:3308/orderdb1?serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123456
    connectionTimeoutMilliseconds: 30000
    idleTimeoutMilliseconds: 60000
    maxLifetimeMilliseconds: 1800000
    maxPoolSize: 50
masterSlaveRule: #这里才是真正配置读写分离的配置
  name: ms_ds01
  masterDataSourceName: master_ds #配置master主数据源名称(在上面配置数据源可以找到)
  slaveDataSourceNames: #配置slave从数据源的集合(在上面配置数据源可以找到)
    - slave_ds_1 # 从数据源名称
  • 4:启动sharding-proxy:
[root@k8s-master bin]# pwd
/root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/bin
[root@k8s-master bin]# ./start.sh 3366
Starting the Sharding-Proxy ...
The port is 3366
The classpath is /root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/conf:.:..:/root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/lib/*:/root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/lib/*:/root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/ext-lib/*
Please check the STDOUT file: /root/sharding-proxy/sharding-proxy-4.1.1/logs/stdout.log
  • 5:application.properties:
#关闭shardingsphere-JDBC(由于我们不使用shardingsphere-JDBC所以需要先关闭)
spring.shardingsphere.enabled=false


# 配置普通的JDBC数据源(去连接sharding-proxy的读写分离代理数据库master_slave_db)
spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# 将url换成sharding-proxy代理数据库的IP和端口(3366),数据库统一换成master_slave_db(sharding-proxy的读写分离代理数据库)-----重点
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.184.100:3366/master_slave_db?useSSL=false&autoReconnect=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
# sharding-proxy的账号
spring.datasource.username=root
# sharding-proxy的密码
spring.datasource.password=root


# 在映射实体或者属性时,将数据库中表名和字段名中的下划线去掉,按照驼峰命名法映射 order_id ---> orderId
mybatis-plus.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true


# 这个配置一定要加(注意)
spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding= true
  • 6:测试方法:
 	//测试主从同步,读写分离(写操作)
    @Test
    void addOrder(){

        Order order = new Order();

        order.setOrderId(Long.valueOf("166666"))
                .setOrderInfo("测试sharding-proxy主从复制-读写分离")
             .setUserId(1002L);


        orderMapper.insert(order);

    }

    // 测试读写分离(读操作)
    @Test
    void selectOrder(){

        List<Order> orders = orderMapper.selectList(null);

        orders.forEach(System.out::println);

    }

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