【ESP8266-NodeMCU软硬串口通讯】

1. 前言

SoftwareSerial库允许在Arduino板的其他数字引脚上进行串行通信，使用软件复制功能（因此得名“SoftwareSerial”）。可以有多个软件串行端口，速度高达115200 bps。参数为需要该协议的设备启用反向信令。

1.1 要使用此库

请执行以下操作：

#include 

1.2 此库的局限性

软件串行库具有以下已知限制：

它不能同时发送和接收数据。 如果使用多个软件串行端口，则一次只能有一个可以接收数据。 并非 Mega 和 Mega 2560
板上的所有引脚都支持更改中断，因此只有以下引脚可用于 RX：10、11、12、13、14、15、50、51、52、53、A8 （62）、A9
（63）、A10 （64）、A11 （65）、A12 （66）、A13 （67）、A14 （68）、A15 （69）。 并非
Leonardo 和 Micro 板上的所有引脚都支持更改中断，因此只有以下引脚可用于 RX：8、9、10、11、14 （MISO）、15
（SCK）、16 （MOSI）。 在Arduino或Genuino 101板上，当前最大RX速度为57600bps。 在 Arduino 或
Genuino 101 板上，RX 在数字引脚 13 上不起作用。 在ESP8266上，RX：D1_{D8；**TX**：D1}D8

不要问我D0为什么不行，波特率在9600以下都可以，因为它本身不适合

如果您的项目需要同时数据流，请参阅 Paul Stoffregen 的 AltSoft串行库.

2. 实验条件

2.1 硬件条件

本次采用ESP8266node MCU开发板，利用自身软硬件串口通讯，采用关键字符串实现开灯功能

名称	端口
LED	+接D2，-接GND
CH340	RX接D3，TX接D1，GND接GND，3.3v接3.3v
ESP8266	mcro数据线

硬件连线

2.2 软件条件

ESP8266-NodeMCU物联网开发之Arduino环境搭建

3. 程序编写

3.1 程序解剖

三个子程序

1. 读取软硬串口字符
2. 打印两次不同的字符
3. 测试ok字符

主程序

1. 读取软硬串口
2. 判别是否为ok
3. 是则灯亮，进而判别是否为stop，退出
   

3.2 源代码

#include 

String item;
String item1;
SoftwareSerial mySerial(0,5);

void procedure() {
  if (item != item1) {
    Serial.print("item:  ");
    Serial.println(item);
    mySerial.print("item:  ");
    mySerial.println(item);
    item1 = item;

  }
}

void procedure2() {
  if (Serial.available() > 0) {
    item = Serial.readString();

  }
  if (mySerial.available() > 0) {
    item = mySerial.readString();

  }
}

void procedure3() {
  Serial.println("ok");
  mySerial.println("ok");
}

void setup(){
  item = "hello";
  item1 = "hello";
  Serial.begin(9600);
  mySerial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(4, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(4,LOW);
  Serial.println(item);
  mySerial.println(item);
}

void loop(){
  delay(10);
  procedure2();
  procedure();
  while (item == "ok") {
    procedure3();
    delay(10);
    digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
    procedure2();
    procedure();
    if (item == "stop") {
      digitalWrite(4,LOW);
      break;

    }
  }

}

4. 实验效果

4.1 显示效果

https://gitee.com/vor2345/OneOS/blob/master/20221213192048.gif

4.2 打印输出

19:20:51.433 -> hello
19:21:01.880 -> item:  ok
19:21:01.880 -> ok
19:21:01.891 -> ok
19:21:01.905 -> ok
19:21:01.920 -> ok
19:21:01.935 -> ok
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19:21:01.978 -> ok
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19:21:10.539 -> ok
19:21:10.553 -> ok
19:21:10.568 -> ok
19:21:10.582 -> ok
19:21:10.596 -> ok
19:21:10.610 -> ok
19:21:10.624 -> ok
19:21:10.638 -> ok
19:21:10.652 -> ok
19:21:10.667 -> ok
19:21:10.682 -> ok
19:21:10.696 -> ok
19:21:10.710 -> ok
19:21:10.724 -> ok
19:21:10.738 -> ok
19:21:10.752 -> ok
19:21:10.766 -> ok
19:21:10.780 -> ok
19:21:10.794 -> ok
19:21:10.810 -> ok
19:21:10.824 -> ok
19:21:10.838 -> ok
19:21:10.852 -> ok
19:21:10.866 -> ok
19:21:10.883 -> ok
19:21:10.894 -> ok
19:21:10.909 -> ok
19:21:10.923 -> ok
19:21:10.937 -> ok
19:21:10.951 -> ok
19:21:10.966 -> ok
19:21:10.980 -> ok
19:21:10.995 -> ok
19:21:11.009 -> ok
19:21:11.023 -> ok
19:21:11.036 -> ok
19:21:11.051 -> ok
19:21:11.065 -> ok
19:21:11.079 -> ok
19:21:11.093 -> ok
19:21:11.108 -> ok
19:21:11.122 -> ok
19:21:11.136 -> ok
19:21:11.150 -> ok
19:21:11.164 -> ok
19:21:11.179 -> ok
19:21:11.193 -> ok
19:21:11.208 -> ok
19:21:11.221 -> ok
19:21:11.236 -> ok
19:21:11.250 -> ok
19:21:11.265 -> ok
19:21:11.279 -> ok
19:21:11.293 -> ok
19:21:11.307 -> ok
19:21:11.322 -> ok
19:21:11.336 -> ok
19:21:11.349 -> ok
19:21:11.364 -> ok
19:21:11.379 -> ok
19:21:11.394 -> ok
19:21:12.416 -> item:  stop

5. 总结

通过对本次采用ESP8266node MCU开发板，利用自身软硬件串口通讯，采用关键字符串实现开灯功能。，接下来会有许多有趣的实验，尝试与Arduino通讯做语音小车，进而丰富我们的生活。从而实现对外部世界进行感知，充分认识这个有机与无机的环境，科学地合理地进行创作和发挥效益，然后为人类社会发展贡献一点微薄之力。
再次非常感谢大赛支持和胡同学

参考文献：
ESP8266-NodeMCU物联网开发之Arduino环境搭建