vue项目实现excel表格导入到el-table表格

1.先安装第三方插件，该组件会帮我们解析excel文件

 npm i xlsx

封装一个组件，点击可以上传excel表格文件，并实现拖拽也可以上传，使用该组件时给该组件传入一个success函数，上传成功的回调

<template>
  <div class="upload-excel">
    <div class="btn-upload">
      <el-button
        :loading="loading"
        size="mini"
        type="primary"
        @click="handleUpload"
      >
        点击上传
      </el-button>
    </div>

    <input
      ref="excel-upload-input"
      class="excel-upload-input"
      type="file"
      accept=".xlsx, .xls"
      @change="handleClick"
    />
    <div
      class="drop"
      @drop="handleDrop"
      @dragover="handleDragover"
      @dragenter="handleDragover"
    >
      <i class="el-icon-upload" />
      <span>将文件拖到此处</span>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
<script>
import * as XLSX from "xlsx/xlsx.mjs";
export default {
  props: {
    beforeUpload: Function, // eslint-disable-line
    onSuccess: Function, // eslint-disable-line
  },
  data() {
    return {
      loading: false,
      excelData: {
        header: null,
        results: null,
      },
    };
  },
  methods: {
    generateData({ header, results }) {
      this.excelData.header = header;
      this.excelData.results = results;
      //使用该组件的时候，传入一个onSuccess 在函数里实现导入成功的回调
      this.onSuccess && this.onSuccess(this.excelData);
    },
    handleDrop(e) {
      e.stopPropagation();
      e.preventDefault();
      if (this.loading) return;
      const files = e.dataTransfer.files;
      if (files.length !== 1) {
        this.$message.error("Only support uploading one file!");
        return;
      }
      const rawFile = files[0]; // only use files[0]
      if (!this.isExcel(rawFile)) {
        this.$message.error(
          "Only supports upload .xlsx, .xls, .csv suffix files"
        );
        return false;
      }
      this.upload(rawFile);
      e.stopPropagation();
      e.preventDefault();
    },
    handleDragover(e) {
      e.stopPropagation();
      e.preventDefault();
      e.dataTransfer.dropEffect = "copy";
    },
    handleUpload() {
      this.$refs["excel-upload-input"].click();
    },
    handleClick(e) {
      const files = e.target.files;
      const rawFile = files[0]; // only use files[0]
      if (!rawFile) return;
      this.upload(rawFile);
    },
    upload(rawFile) {
      this.$refs["excel-upload-input"].value = null; // fix can't select the same excel
      if (!this.beforeUpload) {
        this.readerData(rawFile);
        return;
      }
      const before = this.beforeUpload(rawFile);
      if (before) {
        this.readerData(rawFile);
      }
    },
    readerData(rawFile) {
      this.loading = true;
      return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        const reader = new FileReader();
        reader.onload = (e) => {
          const data = e.target.result;
          const workbook = XLSX.read(data, { type: "array" });
          const firstSheetName = workbook.SheetNames[0];
          const worksheet = workbook.Sheets[firstSheetName];
          const header = this.getHeaderRow(worksheet);
          const results = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json(worksheet);
          this.generateData({ header, results });
          this.loading = false;
          resolve();
        };
        reader.readAsArrayBuffer(rawFile);
      });
    },
    getHeaderRow(sheet) {
      const headers = [];
      const range = XLSX.utils.decode_range(sheet["!ref"]);
      let C;
      const R = range.s.r;
      /* start in the first row */
      for (C = range.s.c; C <= range.e.c; ++C) {
        /* walk every column in the range */
        const cell = sheet[XLSX.utils.encode_cell({ c: C, r: R })];
        /* find the cell in the first row */
        let hdr = "UNKNOWN " + C; // <-- replace with your desired default
        if (cell && cell.t) hdr = XLSX.utils.format_cell(cell);
        headers.push(hdr);
      }
      return headers;
    },
    isExcel(file) {
      return /\.(xlsx|xls|csv)$/.test(file.name);
    },
  },
};
</script>
<style scoped lang="less">
.upload-excel {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  margin-top: 100px;
  .excel-upload-input {
    display: none;
    z-index: -9999;
  }
  .btn-upload,
  .drop {
    border: 1px dashed #bbb;
    width: 350px;
    height: 160px;
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 160px;
  }
  .drop {
    line-height: 80px;
    color: #bbb;
    i {
      font-size: 60px;
      display: block;
    }
  }
}
</style>

效果图

在一个页面中使用该组件

<template>
  <UploadExcel :onSuccess="success" />
</template>

<script>
import { importEmployee } from "@/api/employees";
export default {
  name: "Import",
  methods: {
    async success({ header, results }) {
      const obj = {
        入职日期: "timeOfEntry",
        手机号: "mobile",
        姓名: "username",
        转正日期: "correctionTime",
        工号: "workNumber",
      };

      /*  results.forEach((item) => {
        let obj2 = {};
        Object.keys(item).forEach((key) => {
          obj2[obj[key]] = item[key];
        });
        arr.push(obj2);
      }); */
      console.log(results);
      let arr = [];
      arr = results.map((item) => {
        let obj2 = {};
        Object.keys(item).forEach((key) => {
          if (obj[key] === "timeOfEntry" || obj[key] === "correctionTime") {
            console.log(this.formatDate(item[key], "/"));
            obj2[obj[key]] = new Date(this.formatDate(item[key], "/"));
            console.log(new Date(this.formatDate(item[key], "/")));
          } else {
            obj2[obj[key]] = item[key];
          }
        });
        return obj2;
      });
       //转换户后的数据符合要求，发送请求保存
      await importEmployee(arr);
      this.$router.back(); //返回上一个页面
    },
    formatDate(numb, format) {
      const time = new Date((numb - 1) * 24 * 3600000 + 1);
      time.setYear(time.getFullYear() - 70);
      const year = time.getFullYear() + "";
      const month = time.getMonth() + 1 + "";
      const date = time.getDate() - 1 + "";
      if (format && format.length === 1) {
        return year + format + month + format + date;
      }
      return (
        year +
        (month < 10 ? "0" + month : month) +
        (date < 10 ? "0" + date : date)
      );
    },
  },
};
</script>

<style></style>

success函数可以会传入两个参数，第二个参数results是一个数组，该数组里面的对象对应excel的每一行


对象的属性名对应表头的每一列，键值对应每一列数据，一个对象为一行数据
当excel中有日期格式的时候，实际转化的值为一个数字，我们需要一个方法进行转化

 formatDate(numb, format) {
      const time = new Date((numb - 1) * 24 * 3600000 + 1)
      time.setYear(time.getFullYear() - 70)
      const year = time.getFullYear() + ''
      const month = time.getMonth() + 1 + ''
      const date = time.getDate() - 1 + ''
      if (format && format.length === 1) {
        return year + format + month + format + date
      }
      return year + (month < 10 ? '0' + month : month) + (date < 10 ? '0' + date : date)
    }

这里还有一个问题，后端要求的数据形式是这样,属性名为英文，属性值为字符串，返回的数据与要求的数据不符合，需要进行转换，声明一个对象，进行转换

 const obj = {
        入职日期: "timeOfEntry",
        手机号: "mobile",
        姓名: "username",
        转正日期: "correctionTime",
        工号: "workNumber",
      };

     
     
      let arr = [];
      arr = results.map((item) => {
        let obj2 = {};
        Object.keys(item).forEach((key) => {
          if (obj[key] === "timeOfEntry" || obj[key] === "correctionTime") {
            console.log(this.formatDate(item[key], "/"));
            obj2[obj[key]] = new Date(this.formatDate(item[key], "/"));
            console.log(new Date(this.formatDate(item[key], "/")));
          } else {
            obj2[obj[key]] = item[key];
          }
        });
        return obj2;
      });