开源库存管理系统InvenTree的安装

本文是应网友 shijie880500 要求折腾的；

什么是 InvenTree ？

InvenTree 是一个开源的库存管理系统，提供强大的低级别库存控制和零件跟踪。InvenTree 系统的核心是 Python/Django 数据库后端，它提供了一个管理界面（基于 web）和一个 REST API，用于与外部接口和应用程序交互。强大的插件系统为自定义应用程序和扩展提供支持。

前期准备

在群晖上以 Docker 方式安装。因为涉及到多个容器，所以采用了 docker-compose 安装

老苏是按生产环境搭建，因为开发模式只能用 localhost 访问，所需的文件都来自于官方的 production 目录：https://github.com/inventree/InvenTree/tree/master/docker/production

版本选择的是 InvenTree 的最新稳定版本stable ，对应的版本为 0.12.8

docker-compose.yml

将下面的内容保存为 docker-compose.yml 文件

version: "3.8"

# Docker compose recipe for a production-ready InvenTree setup, with the following containers:
# - PostgreSQL as the database backend
# - gunicorn as the InvenTree web server
# - django-q as the InvenTree background worker process
# - nginx as a reverse proxy
# - redis as the cache manager (optional, disabled by default)

# ---------------------
# READ BEFORE STARTING!
# ---------------------

# -----------------------------
# Setting environment variables
# -----------------------------
# Shared environment variables should be stored in the env.txt file
# Changes made to this file are reflected across all containers!
#
# IMPORTANT NOTE:
# You should not have to change *anything* within this docker-compose.yml file!
# Instead, make any changes in the env.txt file!

# ------------------------
# InvenTree Image Versions
# ------------------------
# By default, this docker-compose script targets the STABLE version of InvenTree,
# image: inventree/inventree:stable
#
# To run the LATEST (development) version of InvenTree,
# change the INVENTREE_TAG variable (in the env.txt file) to "latest"
#
# Alternatively, you could target a specific tagged release version with (for example):
# INVENTREE_TAG=0.7.5
#

services:
    # Database service
    # Use PostgreSQL as the database backend
    inventree-db:
        image: postgres:13
        container_name: inventree-db
        expose:
            - ${INVENTREE_DB_PORT:-5432}/tcp
        environment:
            - PGDATA=/var/lib/postgresql/data/pgdb
            - POSTGRES_USER=${INVENTREE_DB_USER:?You must provide the 'INVENTREE_DB_USER' variable in the env.txt file}
            - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=${INVENTREE_DB_PASSWORD:?You must provide the 'INVENTREE_DB_PASSWORD' variable in the env.txt file}
            - POSTGRES_DB=${INVENTREE_DB_NAME:?You must provide the 'INVENTREE_DB_NAME' variable in the env.txt file}
        volumes:
            # Map 'data' volume such that postgres database is stored externally
            - inventree_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data/
        restart: unless-stopped

    # redis acts as database cache manager
    # only runs under the "redis" profile : https://docs.docker.com/compose/profiles/
    inventree-cache:
        image: redis:7.0
        container_name: inventree-cache
        depends_on:
            - inventree-db
        profiles:
            - redis
        env_file:
            - .env
        expose:
            - ${INVENTREE_CACHE_PORT:-6379}
        restart: always

    # InvenTree web server service
    # Uses gunicorn as the web server
    inventree-server:
        # If you wish to specify a particular InvenTree version, do so here
        image: inventree/inventree:${INVENTREE_TAG:-stable}
        container_name: inventree-server
        # Only change this port if you understand the stack.
        # If you change this you have to change:
        # - the proxy settings (on two lines)
        # - only change the exposed port - eg `1338:8000` if you want to expose the server on port 1338
        expose:
            - 8000
        depends_on:
            - inventree-db
        env_file:
            - .env
        volumes:
            # Data volume must map to /home/inventree/data
            - inventree_data:/home/inventree/data
        restart: unless-stopped

    # Background worker process handles long-running or periodic tasks
    inventree-worker:
        # If you wish to specify a particular InvenTree version, do so here
        image: inventree/inventree:${INVENTREE_TAG:-stable}
        container_name: inventree-worker
        command: invoke worker
        depends_on:
            - inventree-server
        env_file:
            - .env
        volumes:
            # Data volume must map to /home/inventree/data
            - inventree_data:/home/inventree/data
        restart: unless-stopped

    # nginx acts as a reverse proxy
    # static files are served directly by nginx
    # media files are served by nginx, although authentication is redirected to inventree-server
    # web requests are redirected to gunicorn
    # NOTE: You will need to provide a working nginx.conf file!
    inventree-proxy:
        image: nginx
        container_name: inventree-proxy
        depends_on:
            - inventree-server
        env_file:
            - .env
        ports:
            # Default web port is 1337 (can be changed in the env.txt file)
            - ${INVENTREE_WEB_PORT:-1337}:80
        volumes:
            # Provide nginx configuration file to the container
            # Refer to the provided example file as a starting point
            - ./nginx.prod.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf:ro
            # nginx proxy needs access to static and media files
            - inventree_data:/var/www
        restart: unless-stopped

volumes:
    # Persistent data, stored external to the container(s)
    inventree_data:
        driver: local
        driver_opts:
            type: none
            o: bind
            # This directory specified where InvenTree data are stored "outside" the docker containers
            device: ${INVENTREE_EXT_VOLUME:?You must specify the 'INVENTREE_EXT_VOLUME' variable in the env.txt file!}

相比官方的 docker-compose.yml，老苏做了 2 处修改，但都不是必须的，你可以直接用官方原版的

• nginx 的版本，官方用的是 nginx:stable，老苏为了少下载一个镜像，改为了 nginx，也就是 nginx:latest，因为机器上已经有了，这个不是必须要改的；
• 给每个容器增加了 container_name，只是为了看着舒服，同样也不是必须的；

nginx.prod.conf

将下面的内容保存为 r-compose.yml 文件，不需要做任何改动

server {

    # Listen for connection on (internal) port 80
    # If you are exposing this server to the internet, you should use HTTPS!
    # In which case, you should also set up a redirect from HTTP to HTTPS, and listen on port 443
    # See the Nginx documentation for more details
    listen 80;

    real_ip_header proxy_protocol;

    location / {

        proxy_set_header      Host              $http_host;
        proxy_set_header      X-Forwarded-By    $server_addr:$server_port;
        proxy_set_header      X-Forwarded-For   $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header      X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header      X-Real-IP         $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header      CLIENT_IP         $remote_addr;

        proxy_pass_request_headers on;

        proxy_redirect off;

        client_max_body_size 100M;

        proxy_buffering off;
        proxy_request_buffering off;

        # Do not touch this unless you have a specific reason - this and the docker-compose need to match
        proxy_pass http://inventree-server:8000;
    }

    # Redirect any requests for static files
    location /static/ {
        alias /var/www/static/;
        autoindex on;

        # Caching settings
        expires 30d;
        add_header Pragma public;
        add_header Cache-Control "public";
    }

    # Redirect any requests for media files
    location /media/ {
        alias /var/www/media/;

        # Media files require user authentication
        auth_request /auth;

        # Content header to force download
        add_header Content-disposition "attachment";
    }

    # Use the 'user' API endpoint for auth
    location /auth {
        internal;

        proxy_pass http://inventree-server:8000/auth/;

        proxy_pass_request_body off;
        proxy_set_header Content-Length "";
        proxy_set_header X-Original-URI $request_uri;
    }

}

.env

将下面的内容保存为 .env 文件

# InvenTree environment variables for a postgresql production setup

# Location of persistent database data (stored external to the docker containers)
# Note: You *must* un-comment this line, and point it to a path on your local machine

# e.g. Linux
INVENTREE_EXT_VOLUME=/volume1/docker/inventree/data

# e.g. Windows (docker desktop)
#INVENTREE_EXT_VOLUME=c:/Users/me/inventree-data

# Default web port for the InvenTree server
INVENTREE_WEB_PORT=1337

# Ensure debug is false for a production setup
INVENTREE_DEBUG=False
INVENTREE_LOG_LEVEL=WARNING

# InvenTree admin account details
# Un-comment (and complete) these lines to auto-create an admin acount
INVENTREE_ADMIN_USER=laosu
INVENTREE_ADMIN_PASSWORD=123456
[email protected]

# Database configuration options
# Note: The example setup is for a PostgreSQL database
INVENTREE_DB_ENGINE=postgresql
INVENTREE_DB_NAME=inventree
INVENTREE_DB_HOST=inventree-db
INVENTREE_DB_PORT=5432

# Database credentials - These must be configured before running
# Uncomment the lines below, and change from the default values!
INVENTREE_DB_USER=pguser
INVENTREE_DB_PASSWORD=pgpassword

# Redis cache setup (disabled by default)
# Un-comment the following lines to enable Redis cache
# Note that you will also have to run docker-compose with the --profile redis command
# Refer to settings.py for other cache options
#INVENTREE_CACHE_HOST=inventree-cache
#INVENTREE_CACHE_PORT=6379

# Options for gunicorn server
INVENTREE_GUNICORN_TIMEOUT=90

# Enable custom plugins?
INVENTREE_PLUGINS_ENABLED=False

# Run migrations automatically?
INVENTREE_AUTO_UPDATE=False

# Image tag that should be used
INVENTREE_TAG=stable

COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME=inventree-production

参数说明：

• 基本设置
  • INVENTREE_EXT_VOLUME：映射为卷的本地目录，需要根据自己的目录进行修改；
  • INVENTREE_WEB_PORT：访问时的 Web 端口，本地不冲突就可以；
  • INVENTREE_DEBUG：调试模式，默认 False 为关闭；
  • INVENTREE_LOG_LEVEL：日志级别；

【建议】：前两项需要根据自己的情况就行修改；

• 管理员设置
  • INVENTREE_ADMIN_USER：管理员账号；
  • INVENTREE_ADMIN_PASSWORD：管理员密码；
  • INVENTREE_ADMIN_EMAIL：管理员邮件地址；

【建议】：三项都需要根据自己的情况进行修改；这里如果不设置，就需要用命令行去单独创建管理员；

• 数据库设置
  • INVENTREE_DB_ENGINE：数据库类型，除了 postgresql 外，还支持 mysql
  • INVENTREE_DB_NAME：数据库库名；
  • INVENTREE_DB_HOST：数据库主机；
  • INVENTREE_DB_PORT：数据库端口；
  • INVENTREE_DB_USER：数据库用户；
  • INVENTREE_DB_PASSWORD：数据库密码；

【建议】：只要修改密码就可以的，其他的不建议修改；

• Redis 设置
  • INVENTREE_CACHE_HOST：Redis 主机，默认本行被注释，在数据库初始化之前，一定不要取消注释；
  • INVENTREE_CACHE_PORT：Redis 端口，默认本行被注释，在数据库初始化之前，一定不要取消注释；

【强烈建议】：不管你后续是否要使用Redis，在数据库初始化之前，一定不要取消注释，否则会报错的，切记！切记！

• 其他
  • INVENTREE_GUNICORN_TIMEOUT：服务器超时设置；
  • INVENTREE_PLUGINS_ENABLED：是否启用自定义插件；
  • INVENTREE_TAG：镜像的 tag 的版本，不建议修改；
  • COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME：默认就可以；

【建议】：保持默认就可以了；

更多的参数说明，请看官方文档：https://docs.inventree.org/en/stable/start/config/

以上建议是给和老苏一样的小白用户的，高手请忽略

命令行安装

上传文件

文件准备好之后，依次执行下面的命令

# 新建文件夹 inventree 和 子目录
mkdir -p /volume1/docker/inventree/data

# 进入 inventree 目录
cd /volume1/docker/inventree

# 将 docker-compose.yml 、.env 、 nginx.prod.conf 放入当前目录

现在的目录

初始化

# 初始化数据库
docker-compose run inventree-server invoke update

这行初始化命令执行了以下步骤：

• 确保安装了所需的 python 包
• 创建一个新的（空）数据库
• 执行所需的架构更新以创建所需的数据库表
• 更新翻译文件
• 将所有必需的静态文件收集到可由 nginx 提供服务的目录中

一定不要先注释 .env 中的 redis 设置，否则最后 Running InvenTree database migrations... 时会有错误

redis.exceptions.ConnectionError: Error -2 connecting to inventree-cache:6379. Name or service not known.

正常应该是下面这样的

创建管理员

1. 已在 .env 中指定管理员帐户详细信息，可以跳过这一步；
2. 为了安全起见，请确保在首次运行后从 .env 文件中删除管理员帐户凭据；

# 创建管理员账号
docker-compose run inventree-server invoke superuser

启动 Docker 容器

现在可以开始启动了

# 一键启动（不带 redis）
docker-compose up -d

如果需要 Redis 服务 ，首先修改 .env 中的 redis 设置，取消 INVENTREE_CACHE_HOST 和 INVENTREE_CACHE_PORT 前面的注释

如果你取消了 redis 注释，但是执行的又是不带 redis 的一键启动，也是会存在错误的，或导致容器不断重启；

然后再执行下面的启动命令

# 一键启动（带 redis）
docker-compose --profile redis up -d

不出意外的话，我们在 Docker 管理器中应该看到下面这样

inventree-production_inventree-server_run_2a703d49eef5 是初始化数据库的时候生成的，看着不爽的话，可以删掉

运行

在浏览器中输入 http://群晖IP:1337 就能看到登录界面

用我们前面设置的管理员账号、密码登录

主界面默认有部分中文显示，显然翻译程度还不高

不知道初始化时最一行显示的 InvenTree translation coverage: 27% 是不是指的中文翻译；

如果看到下面的提示，只要重启 inventree-server 容器即可

Server Restart Required
A configuration option has been changed which requires a server restart. Contact your system administrator for further information

其他

一些其他可能会用到的命令

# 一键删除
docker-compose down

# 将数据库导出为 JSON
docker-compose run inventree-server invoke export-records -f /volume1/docker/inventree/data/data.json

# 删除卷
docker volume rm -f inventree_data

参考文档

InvenTree
地址：https://github.com/inventree

InvenTree
地址：https://inventree.org

InvenTree - InvenTree Documentation
地址：https://docs.inventree.org

Docker Production Server - InvenTree Documentation
地址：https://docs.inventree.org/en/stable/start/docker_prod/