正则表达式基本语法
正则表达式常见字符
test # 匹配包含test的字符串
. # 匹配除换行符外任意字符
\ # 转义字符
[abc]或[a-c] # 匹配字符类，如例子匹配a,b,c中的任何一个
[^abc] # 匹配除了a,b,c以外的所有字符
正则表达式特殊字符
\d # 数字，等同于[0-9]
\D # 非数字
\s # 空白字符（包括换行、Tab等）
\S # 非空白字符
\w # 单词，等用于[a-zA-Z0-9_]
\W # 非单词
正则表达式数量词
c* # 匹配字符"c" 0或无限次
c+ # 匹配字符"c" 1次以上
c? # 匹配字符"c" 0或1次
c{3} # 匹配字符"c" 3次
c{3,5} # 匹配字符"c" 3到5次
正则表达式边界匹配
^abc # 匹配"abc"开头的字符串
abc$ # 匹配"abc"结尾的字符串
正则表达式逻辑或分组
c|b # 匹配"c"或"b"
(ab|cd) # 匹配"ab"或"cd"
(?Pabc) # 匹配"abc"并命名为name
(?P=name) # 前文中的name组
实例分析 匹配用户手机号
根据上面的语法，我用OC语言写出来的正则表达式匹配手机号的代码如下:
NSString *pattern = @"^1+[3578]+\\d{9}";
NSPredicate *pred = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", pattern];
BOOL isMatch = [pred evaluateWithObject:telNumber];
return isMatch;
我们来分析我写的这段正则表达式，首先是边界匹配^1手机号一定是1开头，所以我们的开头用边界匹配1。
[3578] 我们用中括号[]来匹配字符类，说明第二位数字是3、5、7、8中任意一个就可以，目前17也是新开号段，所以得考虑进去匹配上。
最后\d{9}这里要拆分开看，首先\d表示数字，等同于[0-9],而{9}表示匹配数字\d 9次。这样，就完成了一个11位手机号码的校验。
封装常用的正则表达式方法
在这里，我把常用的正则表达式的匹配方法，封装起来，项目中基本都会用到
#pragma mark - 正则匹配手机号
+ (BOOL)checkTelNumber:(NSString *) telNumber
{
NSString *pattern = @"^1+[3578]+\\d{9}";
NSPredicate *pred = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", pattern];
BOOL isMatch = [pred evaluateWithObject:telNumber];
return isMatch;
}
#pragma mark - 正则匹配用户密码6-18位数字和字母组合
+ (BOOL)checkPassword:(NSString *) password
{
NSString *pattern = @"^(?![0-9]+$)(?![a-zA-Z]+$)[a-zA-Z0-9]{6,18}";
NSPredicate *pred = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", pattern];
BOOL isMatch = [pred evaluateWithObject:password];
return isMatch;
}
#pragma mark - 正则匹配用户姓名,20位的中文或英文
+ (BOOL)checkUserName : (NSString *) userName
{
NSString *pattern = @"^[a-zA-Z\u4E00-\u9FA5]{1,20}";
NSPredicate *pred = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", pattern];
BOOL isMatch = [pred evaluateWithObject:userName];
return isMatch;
}
#pragma mark - 正则匹配用户身份证号15或18位
+ (BOOL)checkUserIdCard: (NSString *) idCard
{
NSString *pattern = @"(^[0-9]{15}$)|([0-9]{17}([0-9]|X)$)";
NSPredicate *pred = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", pattern];
BOOL isMatch = [pred evaluateWithObject:idCard];
return isMatch;
}
+ (BOOL) checkUserIdCard:(NSString *)sPaperId
{
//判断位数
if ([sPaperId length] != 15 && [sPaperId length] != 18) {
return NO;
}
NSString *carid = sPaperId;
long lSumQT =0;
//加权因子
int R[] ={7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2 };
//校验码
unsigned char sChecker[11]={'1','0','X', '9', '8', '7', '6', '5', '4', '3', '2'};
//将15位身份证号转换成18位
NSMutableString *mString = [NSMutableString stringWithString:sPaperId];
if ([sPaperId length] == 15) {
[mString insertString:@"19" atIndex:6];
long p = 0;
const char *pid = [mString UTF8String];
for (int i=0; i<=16; i++)
{
p += (pid[i]-48) * R[i];
}
int o = p%11;
NSString *string_content = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%c",sChecker[o]];
[mString insertString:string_content atIndex:[mString length]];
carid = mString;
}
//判断地区码
NSString * sProvince = [carid substringToIndex:2];
if (![self areaCode:sProvince]) {
return NO;
}
//判断年月日是否有效
//年份
int strYear = [[self getStringWithRange:carid Value1:6 Value2:4] intValue];
//月份
int strMonth = [[self getStringWithRange:carid Value1:10 Value2:2] intValue];
//日
int strDay = [[self getStringWithRange:carid Value1:12 Value2:2] intValue];
NSTimeZone *localZone = [NSTimeZone localTimeZone];
NSDateFormatter *dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
[dateFormatter setDateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle];
[dateFormatter setTimeStyle:NSDateFormatterNoStyle];
[dateFormatter setTimeZone:localZone];
[dateFormatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"];
NSDate *date=[dateFormatter dateFromString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d-%d-%d 12:01:01",strYear,strMonth,strDay]];
if (date == nil) {
return NO;
}
const char *PaperId = [carid UTF8String];
//检验长度
if( 18 != strlen(PaperId)) return -1;
//校验数字
for (int i=0; i<18; i++)
{
if ( !isdigit(PaperId[i]) && !(('X' == PaperId[i] || 'x' == PaperId[i]) && 17 == i) )
{
return NO;
}
}
//验证最末的校验码
for (int i=0; i<=16; i++)
{
lSumQT += (PaperId[i]-48) * R[i];
}
if (sChecker[lSumQT%11] != PaperId[17] )
{
return NO;
}
return YES;
}
#pragma mark - 正则匹员工号,12位的数字
+ (BOOL)checkEmployeeNumber : (NSString *) number
{
NSString *pattern = @"^[0-9]{12}";
NSPredicate *pred = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", pattern];
BOOL isMatch = [pred evaluateWithObject:number];
return isMatch;
}
#pragma mark - 正则匹配URL
+ (BOOL)checkURL : (NSString *) url
{
NSString *pattern = @"^[0-9A-Za-z]{1,50}";
NSPredicate *pred = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", pattern];
BOOL isMatch = [pred evaluateWithObject:url];
return isMatch;
}
#pragma mark -是否是邮政编码
+(BOOL)CheckStringIsPostCode:(NSString *) string
{
NSString * reg = @"[1-9]\\d{5}(?!\\d)";
NSPredicate * pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@",reg];
BOOL isMatch = [pre evaluateWithObject:string];
return isMatch;
}
#pragma mark - 是否是中文
- (BOOL)isChinese
{
NSString *match = @"(^[\u4e00-\u9fa5]+$)";
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF matches %@", match];
BOOL isMatch = [predicate evaluateWithObject:self];
return isMatch;
}
#pragma mark -是否是邮箱
+ (BOOL)CheckStringIsEmail:(NSString *)string {
NSString * reg = @"^[A-Z0-9a-z._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\\.[A-Za-z]{2,4}";
NSPredicate * pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@",reg];
BOOL isMatch = [pre evaluateWithObject:string];
return isMatch;
}
#pragma mark -是否是座机号码
+(BOOL)CheckStringIsHomeLine:(NSString *) string{
string = [string stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"-" withString:@""];
string = [string stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""];
NSString *nameregex = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",@"(\(\\d{3,4}\)|\d{3,4}-|\s)?\\d{8}"];
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", nameregex];
BOOL isMatch = [predicate evaluateWithObject:string];
return isMatch;
}