Angular组件通信

1 父传子 @input

  1. 给子组件标签自定义一个属性
<app-life [parentValue]="parentValue" #lifeComponent></app-life>
import {Component} from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.scss'],
})
export class AppComponent {
  public parentValue: string = 'parentValue'
}
  1. 子组件引入 Input 模块
import {Component, Input} from '@angular/core';


@Component({
  selector: 'app-life',
  templateUrl: './life.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./life.component.scss']
})
export class LifeComponent {
  @Input() parentValue: string;
}

<p>子组件接受父组件的传值:{{ parentValue }}</p>

2 子传父 @ViewChild

父组件:

<app-life [parentValue]="parentValue" #lifeComponent></app-life>
<button (click)="getSonValue()">getSonValue</button>
import {Component, ViewChild} from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.scss'],
})
export class AppComponent {
  public parentValue: string = 'parentValue'
  @ViewChild('lifeComponent') lifeComponent: any

  getSonValue() {
    alert(this.lifeComponent.userName)
  }
}

子组件:

import {Component, Input} from '@angular/core';
@Component({
  selector: 'app-life',
  templateUrl: './life.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./life.component.scss']
})
export class LifeComponent {
  public userName: string = 'sonValue'
}

3 output 子传父通信

Angular的Output属性是用于子组件向父组件传递信息的一种方式。通过在子组件中定义一个Output属性,子组件可以通过EventEmitter触发这个属性,父组件可以通过@Output的形式监听子组件的属性,并在属性被触发时调用相应的方法。

在子组件中定义Output属性和触发事件的方法。

<button (click)="toParentValue()">toParentValue</button>
import {Component, EventEmitter, Output} from '@angular/core';
@Component({
  selector: 'app-header',
  templateUrl: './header.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./header.component.scss']
})
export class HeaderComponent {


  @Output() public outter = new EventEmitter()

  toParentValue() {
    this.outter.emit("i am sonValue")
  }
}

在上面的例子中,我们定义了一个名为outter 的Output属性,并在按钮的点击事件中通过EventEmitter触发了这个属性,并向父组件传递了一个字符串 i am sonValue 。

在父组件中引入子组件,并在模板中使用@Output装饰器监听子组件的Output属性。

<app-header (outter)="getValueBySonComponent($event)"></app-header>
import {Component} from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.scss'],
})
export class AppComponent {
  public parentValue: string = 'parentValue'

  getValueBySonComponent(e: any) {
    console.log(e);
  }
}

4 利用公共服务来实现非父子组件通讯

组件间共享一个service服务,那么组件之间就可以通过service实现通信。示例中我们使用rxjs中的BehaviorSubject,它是Subject的一种变体,可以存储最后一条数据或者初始默认值,并会在订阅时发送其当前值。您可以通过RxJS官网进行了解,当然通过文中的说明,您还是可以了解其具体实现的功能。

服务:TransValueService

import {Injectable} from '@angular/core';

import { BehaviorSubject} from "rxjs";

@Injectable({
  providedIn: 'root'
})
export class TransValueService {
  public subject: BehaviorSubject<any> = new BehaviorSubject<any>(0);
  constructor() {
  }
}

两个组件:HeaderComponent AppComponent

HeaderComponent 如下所示:

<p>app-header接收到的数据:{{ data }}</p>
<button (click)="updateDataFromAppHeader()">app-header发送数据</button>
import {Component, OnDestroy} from '@angular/core';
import {TransValueService} from "../../services/trans-value.service";
import {Subscription} from "rxjs";

@Component({
  selector: 'app-header',
  templateUrl: './header.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./header.component.scss']
})
export class HeaderComponent implements OnDestroy {
  public subscription: Subscription
  public data: string = ''

  constructor(public TransValueService: TransValueService) {
    this.subscription = this.TransValueService.subject.subscribe(data => this.data = data)
  }

  updateDataFromAppHeader() {
    let _data = this.data
    _data += '_zhaoshuai-lc'
    this.TransValueService.subject.next(_data)
  }

  ngOnDestroy(): void {
    this.subscription.unsubscribe();
  }
}

AppComponent 如下所示:

app-component组件发送数据:<input type="text" name="inputValue" [(ngModel)]="inputValue"> <button (click)="send()">发送</button>
<app-header></app-header>
import {Component} from '@angular/core';
import {TransValueService} from "./services/trans-value.service";
import {Subscription} from "rxjs";

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.scss'],
})
export class AppComponent {
  public inputValue: string = ''
  public subscription: Subscription

  constructor(public TransValueService: TransValueService) {
    this.subscription = this.TransValueService.subject.subscribe(data => this.inputValue = data)
  }

  send() {
    this.TransValueService.subject.next(this.inputValue)
  }

}

Angular组件通信_第1张图片

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