【调试技术】用户态查看PEB和TEB

概述:用户态查看进程 PEB 和 TEB(通过windbg附加或启动调试的exe)

0x01 用户态查看 TEB 和 PEB

在双机调试的时候,可以直接使用 !PEB PID!TEB TID 获取进程和线程的相关信息,在用户态这两个命令就会失效。原因就是用户态不支持大写!TEB!PEB 命令。

在用户态调试时获取 tebpeb 的命令是小写的。

#获取 peb
!peb

# 获取 teb
!teb

除此之外,这里提供另外一种思路。我们都知道 TEB 结构体中保存了PEB的地址,因此可以通过TEB获取PEB的相关信息。

这里以 notepad.exe 为例演示。

0x02 演示

准备步骤

  1. 运行 notepad.exe, Win+R 输入 notepad 回车即可。
  2. 运行 windbg,并附加到进程 notepad.exe 上。

开始调试

查看当前线程

使用 ~. 查看当前线程(这里其实查看哪个线程都可以,因为当前进程的 PEB 只有一个,所有的 TEB 都指向了同一个 PEB)

0:007> ~.
.  7  Id: b8f4.d5a0 Suspend: 1 Teb: 000000a3`b61d1000 Unfrozen
      Start: ntdll!DbgUiRemoteBreakin (00007ff9`ab83c9c0)
      Priority: 0  Priority class: 32  Affinity: ff

可以看到 Teb 地址为 000000 a 3 ‘ b 61 d 1000 000000a3`b61d1000 000000a3‘b61d1000

查看TEB

dt ntdll!_Teb 000000a3`b61d1000

输出如下所示,可以看到 0x060 偏移处为 _PEB

0:007> dt ntdll!_Teb 000000a3`b61d1000
   +0x000 NtTib            : _NT_TIB
   +0x038 EnvironmentPointer : (null) 
   +0x040 ClientId         : _CLIENT_ID
   +0x050 ActiveRpcHandle  : (null) 
   +0x058 ThreadLocalStoragePointer : (null) 
   +0x060 ProcessEnvironmentBlock : 0x000000a3`b61b8000 _PEB
   +0x068 LastErrorValue   : 0
   +0x06c CountOfOwnedCriticalSections : 0
   +0x070 CsrClientThread  : (null) 
   +0x078 Win32ThreadInfo  : (null) 
   +0x080 User32Reserved   : [26] 0
   +0x0e8 UserReserved     : [5] 0
   +0x100 WOW32Reserved    : (null) 
   +0x108 CurrentLocale    : 0x804
   +0x10c FpSoftwareStatusRegister : 0
   +0x110 ReservedForDebuggerInstrumentation : [16] (null) 
   +0x190 SystemReserved1  : [30] (null) 
   +0x280 PlaceholderCompatibilityMode : 0 ''
   +0x281 PlaceholderHydrationAlwaysExplicit : 0 ''
   +0x282 PlaceholderReserved : [10]  ""
   +0x28c ProxiedProcessId : 0
   +0x290 _ActivationStack : _ACTIVATION_CONTEXT_STACK
   +0x2b8 WorkingOnBehalfTicket : [8]  ""
   +0x2c0 ExceptionCode    : 0n0
   +0x2c4 Padding0         : [4]  ""
   +0x2c8 ActivationContextStackPointer : 0x000000a3`b61d1290 _ACTIVATION_CONTEXT_STACK
   +0x2d0 InstrumentationCallbackSp : 0
   +0x2d8 InstrumentationCallbackPreviousPc : 0
   +0x2e0 InstrumentationCallbackPreviousSp : 0
   +0x2e8 TxFsContext      : 0xfffe
   +0x2ec InstrumentationCallbackDisabled : 0 ''
   +0x2ed UnalignedLoadStoreExceptions : 0 ''
   +0x2ee Padding1         : [2]  ""
   +0x2f0 GdiTebBatch      : _GDI_TEB_BATCH
   +0x7d8 RealClientId     : _CLIENT_ID
   +0x7e8 GdiCachedProcessHandle : (null) 
   +0x7f0 GdiClientPID     : 0
   +0x7f4 GdiClientTID     : 0
   +0x7f8 GdiThreadLocalInfo : (null) 
   +0x800 Win32ClientInfo  : [62] 0
   +0x9f0 glDispatchTable  : [233] (null) 
   +0x1138 glReserved1      : [29] 0
   +0x1220 glReserved2      : (null) 
   +0x1228 glSectionInfo    : (null) 
   +0x1230 glSection        : (null) 
   +0x1238 glTable          : (null) 
   +0x1240 glCurrentRC      : (null) 
   +0x1248 glContext        : (null) 
   +0x1250 LastStatusValue  : 0
   +0x1254 Padding2         : [4]  ""
   +0x1258 StaticUnicodeString : _UNICODE_STRING ""
   +0x1268 StaticUnicodeBuffer : [261]  ""
   +0x1472 Padding3         : [6]  ""
   +0x1478 DeallocationStack : 0x000000a3`b6400000 Void
   +0x1480 TlsSlots         : [64] (null) 
   +0x1680 TlsLinks         : _LIST_ENTRY [ 0x00000000`00000000 - 0x00000000`00000000 ]
   +0x1690 Vdm              : (null) 
   +0x1698 ReservedForNtRpc : (null) 
   +0x16a0 DbgSsReserved    : [2] (null) 
   +0x16b0 HardErrorMode    : 0
   +0x16b4 Padding4         : [4]  ""
   +0x16b8 Instrumentation  : [11] (null) 
   +0x1710 ActivityId       : _GUID {00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}
   +0x1720 SubProcessTag    : (null) 
   +0x1728 PerflibData      : (null) 
   +0x1730 EtwTraceData     : (null) 
   +0x1738 WinSockData      : (null) 
   +0x1740 GdiBatchCount    : 0
   +0x1744 CurrentIdealProcessor : _PROCESSOR_NUMBER
   +0x1744 IdealProcessorValue : 0x3030000
   +0x1744 ReservedPad0     : 0 ''
   +0x1745 ReservedPad1     : 0 ''
   +0x1746 ReservedPad2     : 0x3 ''
   +0x1747 IdealProcessor   : 0x3 ''
   +0x1748 GuaranteedStackBytes : 0
   +0x174c Padding5         : [4]  ""
   +0x1750 ReservedForPerf  : (null) 
   +0x1758 ReservedForOle   : (null) 
   +0x1760 WaitingOnLoaderLock : 0
   +0x1764 Padding6         : [4]  ""
   +0x1768 SavedPriorityState : (null) 
   +0x1770 ReservedForCodeCoverage : 0
   +0x1778 ThreadPoolData   : (null) 
   +0x1780 TlsExpansionSlots : (null) 
   +0x1788 DeallocationBStore : (null) 
   +0x1790 BStoreLimit      : (null) 
   +0x1798 MuiGeneration    : 0
   +0x179c IsImpersonating  : 0
   +0x17a0 NlsCache         : (null) 
   +0x17a8 pShimData        : (null) 
   +0x17b0 HeapData         : 0
   +0x17b4 Padding7         : [4]  ""
   +0x17b8 CurrentTransactionHandle : (null) 
   +0x17c0 ActiveFrame      : (null) 
   +0x17c8 FlsData          : (null) 
   +0x17d0 PreferredLanguages : (null) 
   +0x17d8 UserPrefLanguages : (null) 
   +0x17e0 MergedPrefLanguages : (null) 
   +0x17e8 MuiImpersonation : 0
   +0x17ec CrossTebFlags    : 0
   +0x17ec SpareCrossTebBits : 0y0000000000000000 (0)
   +0x17ee SameTebFlags     : 8
   +0x17ee SafeThunkCall    : 0y0
   +0x17ee InDebugPrint     : 0y0
   +0x17ee HasFiberData     : 0y0
   +0x17ee SkipThreadAttach : 0y1
   +0x17ee WerInShipAssertCode : 0y0
   +0x17ee RanProcessInit   : 0y0
   +0x17ee ClonedThread     : 0y0
   +0x17ee SuppressDebugMsg : 0y0
   +0x17ee DisableUserStackWalk : 0y0
   +0x17ee RtlExceptionAttached : 0y0
   +0x17ee InitialThread    : 0y0
   +0x17ee SessionAware     : 0y0
   +0x17ee LoadOwner        : 0y0
   +0x17ee LoaderWorker     : 0y0
   +0x17ee SkipLoaderInit   : 0y0
   +0x17ee SpareSameTebBits : 0y0
   +0x17f0 TxnScopeEnterCallback : (null) 
   +0x17f8 TxnScopeExitCallback : (null) 
   +0x1800 TxnScopeContext  : (null) 
   +0x1808 LockCount        : 0
   +0x180c WowTebOffset     : 0n0
   +0x1810 ResourceRetValue : (null) 
   +0x1818 ReservedForWdf   : (null) 
   +0x1820 ReservedForCrt   : 0
   +0x1828 EffectiveContainerId : _GUID {00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}

查看PEB

dt ntdll!_PEB 0xa3b61b8000

# 或者使用 dx 命令
dx -r1 ((ntdll!_PEB *)0xa3b61b8000)

输出如下所示,到此就看到了 notepad 的 PEB 了。后文补充了 PEB 结构体中 ProcessParameters 变量的分析和查看。

0:007> dt ntdll!_PEB 0xa3b61b8000
   +0x000 InheritedAddressSpace : 0 ''
   +0x001 ReadImageFileExecOptions : 0 ''
   +0x002 BeingDebugged    : 0x1 ''
   +0x003 BitField         : 0x84 ''
   +0x003 ImageUsesLargePages : 0y0
   +0x003 IsProtectedProcess : 0y0
   +0x003 IsImageDynamicallyRelocated : 0y1
   +0x003 SkipPatchingUser32Forwarders : 0y0
   +0x003 IsPackagedProcess : 0y0
   +0x003 IsAppContainer   : 0y0
   +0x003 IsProtectedProcessLight : 0y0
   +0x003 IsLongPathAwareProcess : 0y1
   +0x004 Padding0         : [4]  ""
   +0x008 Mutant           : 0xffffffff`ffffffff Void
   +0x010 ImageBaseAddress : 0x00007ff7`7ef80000 Void
   +0x018 Ldr              : 0x00007ff9`ab8db4c0 _PEB_LDR_DATA
   +0x020 ProcessParameters : 0x000001a6`50d52540 _RTL_USER_PROCESS_PARAMETERS
   +0x028 SubSystemData    : 0x00007ff9`9f7af1d0 Void
   +0x030 ProcessHeap      : 0x000001a6`50d50000 Void
   +0x038 FastPebLock      : 0x00007ff9`ab8db0e0 _RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION
   +0x040 AtlThunkSListPtr : (null) 
   +0x048 IFEOKey          : (null) 
   +0x050 CrossProcessFlags : 1
   +0x050 ProcessInJob     : 0y1
   +0x050 ProcessInitializing : 0y0
   +0x050 ProcessUsingVEH  : 0y0
   +0x050 ProcessUsingVCH  : 0y0
   +0x050 ProcessUsingFTH  : 0y0
   +0x050 ProcessPreviouslyThrottled : 0y0
   +0x050 ProcessCurrentlyThrottled : 0y0
   +0x050 ProcessImagesHotPatched : 0y0
   +0x050 ReservedBits0    : 0y000000000000000000000000 (0)
   +0x054 Padding1         : [4]  ""
   +0x058 KernelCallbackTable : 0x00007ff9`a9a80070 Void
   +0x058 UserSharedInfoPtr : 0x00007ff9`a9a80070 Void
   +0x060 SystemReserved   : 0
   +0x064 AtlThunkSListPtr32 : 0
   +0x068 ApiSetMap        : 0x000001a6`50c80000 Void
   +0x070 TlsExpansionCounter : 0
   +0x074 Padding2         : [4]  ""
   +0x078 TlsBitmap        : 0x00007ff9`ab8db440 Void
   +0x080 TlsBitmapBits    : [2] 0xffffffff
   +0x088 ReadOnlySharedMemoryBase : 0x00007df4`3dce0000 Void
   +0x090 SharedData       : (null) 
   +0x098 ReadOnlyStaticServerData : 0x00007df4`3dce0750  -> (null) 
   +0x0a0 AnsiCodePageData : 0x00007df5`3fe30000 Void
   +0x0a8 OemCodePageData  : 0x00007df5`3fe30000 Void
   +0x0b0 UnicodeCaseTableData : 0x00007df5`3fe60028 Void
   +0x0b8 NumberOfProcessors : 8
   +0x0bc NtGlobalFlag     : 0
   +0x0c0 CriticalSectionTimeout : _LARGE_INTEGER 0xffffe86d`079b8000
   +0x0c8 HeapSegmentReserve : 0x100000
   +0x0d0 HeapSegmentCommit : 0x2000
   +0x0d8 HeapDeCommitTotalFreeThreshold : 0x10000
   +0x0e0 HeapDeCommitFreeBlockThreshold : 0x1000
   +0x0e8 NumberOfHeaps    : 6
   +0x0ec MaximumNumberOfHeaps : 0x10
   +0x0f0 ProcessHeaps     : 0x00007ff9`ab8d9d40  -> 0x000001a6`50d50000 Void
   +0x0f8 GdiSharedHandleTable : 0x000001a6`51120000 Void
   +0x100 ProcessStarterHelper : (null) 
   +0x108 GdiDCAttributeList : 0x14
   +0x10c Padding3         : [4]  ""
   +0x110 LoaderLock       : 0x00007ff9`ab8d55c8 _RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION
   +0x118 OSMajorVersion   : 0xa
   +0x11c OSMinorVersion   : 0
   +0x120 OSBuildNumber    : 0x4a65
   +0x122 OSCSDVersion     : 0
   +0x124 OSPlatformId     : 2
   +0x128 ImageSubsystem   : 2
   +0x12c ImageSubsystemMajorVersion : 0xa
   +0x130 ImageSubsystemMinorVersion : 0
   +0x134 Padding4         : [4]  ""
   +0x138 ActiveProcessAffinityMask : 0xff
   +0x140 GdiHandleBuffer  : [60] 0
   +0x230 PostProcessInitRoutine : (null) 
   +0x238 TlsExpansionBitmap : 0x00007ff9`ab8db420 Void
   +0x240 TlsExpansionBitmapBits : [32] 1
   +0x2c0 SessionId        : 1
   +0x2c4 Padding5         : [4]  ""
   +0x2c8 AppCompatFlags   : _ULARGE_INTEGER 0x0
   +0x2d0 AppCompatFlagsUser : _ULARGE_INTEGER 0x0
   +0x2d8 pShimData        : 0x000001a6`50cc0000 Void
   +0x2e0 AppCompatInfo    : (null) 
   +0x2e8 CSDVersion       : _UNICODE_STRING ""
   +0x2f8 ActivationContextData : 0x000001a6`50cb0000 _ACTIVATION_CONTEXT_DATA
   +0x300 ProcessAssemblyStorageMap : 0x000001a6`50d5b5c0 _ASSEMBLY_STORAGE_MAP
   +0x308 SystemDefaultActivationContextData : 0x000001a6`50ca0000 _ACTIVATION_CONTEXT_DATA
   +0x310 SystemAssemblyStorageMap : (null) 
   +0x318 MinimumStackCommit : 0
   +0x320 SparePointers    : [4] (null) 
   +0x340 SpareUlongs      : [5] 0
   +0x358 WerRegistrationData : 0x000001a6`52e00000 Void
   +0x360 WerShipAssertPtr : (null) 
   +0x368 pUnused          : (null) 
   +0x370 pImageHeaderHash : (null) 
   +0x378 TracingFlags     : 0
   +0x378 HeapTracingEnabled : 0y0
   +0x378 CritSecTracingEnabled : 0y0
   +0x378 LibLoaderTracingEnabled : 0y0
   +0x378 SpareTracingBits : 0y00000000000000000000000000000 (0)
   +0x37c Padding6         : [4]  ""
   +0x380 CsrServerReadOnlySharedMemoryBase : 0x00007df4`66cb0000
   +0x388 TppWorkerpListLock : 0
   +0x390 TppWorkerpList   : _LIST_ENTRY [ 0x000000a3`b5f0f860 - 0x000000a3`b63ffb70 ]
   +0x3a0 WaitOnAddressHashTable : [128] (null) 
   +0x7a0 TelemetryCoverageHeader : (null) 
   +0x7a8 CloudFileFlags   : 0xe0
   +0x7ac CloudFileDiagFlags : 0
   +0x7b0 PlaceholderCompatibilityMode : 2 ''
   +0x7b1 PlaceholderCompatibilityModeReserved : [7]  ""
   +0x7b8 LeapSecondData   : 0x00007df5`3fe20000 _LEAP_SECOND_DATA
   +0x7c0 LeapSecondFlags  : 0
   +0x7c0 SixtySecondEnabled : 0y0
   +0x7c0 Reserved         : 0y0000000000000000000000000000000 (0)
   +0x7c4 NtGlobalFlag2    : 0

查看 ProcessParameters

为了进一步了解和查看,这里再查看 ProcessParameters 的变量。

查看 PEB 的输出可以看到 ProcessParameters 的结构体名为 _RTL_USER_PROCESS_PARAMETERS,该结构体保存了进程很多基础信息,如环境变量、命令行等等。查看当前 ProcessParameters

dx -r1 ((ntdll!_RTL_USER_PROCESS_PARAMETERS *)0x1a650d52540)

# 或者
dt _RTL_USER_PROCESS_PARAMETERS 0x1a650d52540

输出如下所示:

0:007> dt _RTL_USER_PROCESS_PARAMETERS 0x1a650d52540
ntdll!_RTL_USER_PROCESS_PARAMETERS
   +0x000 MaximumLength    : 0x78a
   +0x004 Length           : 0x78a
   +0x008 Flags            : 0x6001
   +0x00c DebugFlags       : 0
   +0x010 ConsoleHandle    : (null) 
   +0x018 ConsoleFlags     : 0
   +0x020 StandardInput    : (null) 
   +0x028 StandardOutput   : (null) 
   +0x030 StandardError    : (null) 
   +0x038 CurrentDirectory : _CURDIR
   +0x050 DllPath          : _UNICODE_STRING ""
   +0x060 ImagePathName    : _UNICODE_STRING "C:\WINDOWS\system32\notepad.exe"
   +0x070 CommandLine      : _UNICODE_STRING ""C:\WINDOWS\system32\notepad.exe" "
   +0x080 Environment      : 0x000001a6`50d50fe0 Void
   +0x088 StartingX        : 0
   +0x08c StartingY        : 0
   +0x090 CountX           : 0
   +0x094 CountY           : 0
   +0x098 CountCharsX      : 0
   +0x09c CountCharsY      : 0
   +0x0a0 FillAttribute    : 0
   +0x0a4 WindowFlags      : 0x801
   +0x0a8 ShowWindowFlags  : 1
   +0x0b0 WindowTitle      : _UNICODE_STRING "C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Accessories\Notepad.lnk"
   +0x0c0 DesktopInfo      : _UNICODE_STRING "Winsta0\Default"
   +0x0d0 ShellInfo        : _UNICODE_STRING ""
   +0x0e0 RuntimeData      : _UNICODE_STRING ""
   +0x0f0 CurrentDirectores : [32] _RTL_DRIVE_LETTER_CURDIR
   +0x3f0 EnvironmentSize  : 0x154e
   +0x3f8 EnvironmentVersion : 3
   +0x400 PackageDependencyData : (null) 
   +0x408 ProcessGroupId   : 0x3ec
   +0x40c LoaderThreads    : 0
   +0x410 RedirectionDllName : _UNICODE_STRING ""
   +0x420 HeapPartitionName : _UNICODE_STRING ""
   +0x430 DefaultThreadpoolCpuSetMasks : (null) 
   +0x438 DefaultThreadpoolCpuSetMaskCount : 0
   +0x43c DefaultThreadpoolThreadMaximum : 0

到这一步,基本上进程的详细信息就都可以看到了。如果是 windbg preview 版本,点几下就能看到一些信息,但是 Environment 环境变量是一个指针,如果需要查看,还是需要输入命令才行。

查看 Environment

_RTL_USER_PROCESS_PARAMETERS 结构中有三个成员与 Environment 相关

# 指向环境变量的指针
+0x080 Environment      : 0x000001a6`50d50fe0 Void

# 环境变量的大小
+0x3f0 EnvironmentSize  : 0x154e

# 环境变量的版本
+0x3f8 EnvironmentVersion : 3

通过环境变量指针和大小我们就可以看到环境变量的内容了

db 0x000001a6`50d50fe0 l 0x154e

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