本文主要介绍了Pytest+Yaml+Excel 接口自动化测试框架,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下
目录
一、框架架构
二、项目目录结构
三、框架功能说明
四、核心逻辑说明
请求工具类
代码编写case
程序主入口
解决痛点:
框架使用说明:
pip install -r requirements.txt
run.py
文件Excel
或者Yaml
文件里面,按照示例编写即可,也可以在test_case
目录下通过python脚本编写casejsonpath
、正则表达式
提取数据Excel
和test_case
目录下用例工具类封装
assert_util.py 断言工具类封装
def assert_result(response: Response, expected: str) -> None:
""" 断言方法
:param response: 实际响应对象
:param expected: 预期响应内容,从excel中或者yaml读取、或者手动传入
return None
"""
if expected is None:
logging.info("当前用例无断言!")
return
if isinstance(expected, str):
expect_dict = eval(expected)
else:
expect_dict = expected
index = 0
for k, v in expect_dict.items():
# 获取需要断言的实际结果部分
for _k, _v in v.items():
if _k == "http_code":
actual = response.status_code
else:
if response_type(response) == "json":
actual = json_extractor(response.json(), _k)
else:
actual = re_extract(response.text, _k)
index += 1
logging.info(f'第{index}个断言数据,实际结果:{actual} | 预期结果:{_v} 断言方式:{k}')
allure_step(f'第{index}个断言数据', f'实际结果:{actual} = 预期结果:{v}')
try:
if k == "eq": # 相等
assert actual == _v
elif k == "in": # 包含关系
assert _v in actual
elif k == "gt": # 判断大于,值应该为数值型
assert actual > _v
elif k == "lt": # 判断小于,值应该为数值型
assert actual < _v
elif k == "not": # 不等于,非
assert actual != _v
else:
logging.exception(f"判断关键字: {k} 错误!")
except AssertionError:
raise AssertionError(f'第{index}个断言失败 -|- 断言方式:{k} 实际结果:{actual} || 预期结果: {_v}')
case_handle.py Case数据读取工具类
def get_case_data():
case_type = ReadYaml(config_path + "config.yaml").read_yaml["case"]
if case_type == CaseType.EXCEL.value:
cases = []
for file in [excel for excel in os.listdir(data_path) if os.path.splitext(excel)[1] == ".xlsx"]:
data = ReadExcel(data_path + file).read_excel()
name = os.path.splitext(file)[0]
class_name = name.split("_")[0].title() + name.split("_")[1].title()
gen_case(name, data, class_name)
cases.extend(data)
return cases
elif case_type == CaseType.YAML.value:
cases = []
for yaml_file in [yaml for yaml in os.listdir(data_path) if
os.path.splitext(yaml)[1] in [".yaml", "yml"]]:
data = ReadYaml(data_path + yaml_file).read_yaml
name = os.path.splitext(yaml_file)[0]
class_name = name.split("_")[0].title() + name.split("_")[1].title()
gen_case(name, data, class_name)
cases.extend(data)
return cases
else:
cases = []
for file in [excel for excel in os.listdir(data_path) if
os.path.splitext(excel)[1] in [".yaml", "yml", ".xlsx"]]:
if os.path.splitext(file)[1] == ".xlsx":
data = ReadExcel(data_path + file).read_excel()
name = os.path.splitext(file)[0]
cases.extend(data)
else:
data = ReadYaml(data_path + file).read_yaml
name = os.path.splitext(file)[0]
cases.extend(data)
class_name = name.split("_")[0].title() + name.split("_")[1].title()
gen_case(name, data, class_name)
return cases
excel_handle.py 读取Excel工具类
def get_case_data():
case_type = ReadYaml(config_path + "config.yaml").read_yaml["case"]
if case_type == CaseType.EXCEL.value:
cases = []
for file in [excel for excel in os.listdir(data_path) if os.path.splitext(excel)[1] == ".xlsx"]:
data = ReadExcel(data_path + file).read_excel()
name = os.path.splitext(file)[0]
class_name = name.split("_")[0].title() + name.split("_")[1].title()
gen_case(name, data, class_name)
cases.extend(data)
return cases
elif case_type == CaseType.YAML.value:
cases = []
for yaml_file in [yaml for yaml in os.listdir(data_path) if
os.path.splitext(yaml)[1] in [".yaml", "yml"]]:
data = ReadYaml(data_path + yaml_file).read_yaml
name = os.path.splitext(yaml_file)[0]
class_name = name.split("_")[0].title() + name.split("_")[1].title()
gen_case(name, data, class_name)
cases.extend(data)
return cases
else:
cases = []
for file in [excel for excel in os.listdir(data_path) if
os.path.splitext(excel)[1] in [".yaml", "yml", ".xlsx"]]:
if os.path.splitext(file)[1] == ".xlsx":
data = ReadExcel(data_path + file).read_excel()
name = os.path.splitext(file)[0]
cases.extend(data)
else:
data = ReadYaml(data_path + file).read_yaml
name = os.path.splitext(file)[0]
cases.extend(data)
class_name = name.split("_")[0].title() + name.split("_")[1].title()
gen_case(name, data, class_name)
return cases
yaml_handle.py 读取Yaml文件的工具类
class ReadYaml:
def __init__(self, filename):
self.filename = filename
@property
def read_yaml(self) -> object:
with open(file=self.filename, mode="r", encoding="utf-8") as fp:
case_data = yaml.safe_load(fp.read())
return case_data
配置文件
config.yaml 配置信息
# 服务器器地址
host: http://localhost:8091/
case: 1 # 0代表执行Excel和yaml两种格式的用例, 1 代表Excel用例,2 代表 yaml文件用例
日志输出目录
import logging
import time
import os
def get_log(logger_name):
"""
:param logger_name: 日志名称
:return: 返回logger handle
"""
# 创建一个logger
logger = logging.getLogger(logger_name)
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
# 获取本地时间,转换为设置的格式
rq = time.strftime('%Y%m%d', time.localtime(time.time()))
# 设置所有日志和错误日志的存放路径
path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
all_log_path = os.path.join(path, 'interface_logs\\All_Logs\\')
if not os.path.exists(all_log_path):
os.makedirs(all_log_path)
error_log_path = os.path.join(path, 'interface_logs\\Error_Logs\\')
if not os.path.exists(error_log_path):
os.makedirs(error_log_path)
# 设置日志文件名
all_log_name = all_log_path + rq + '.log'
error_log_name = error_log_path + rq + '.log'
if not logger.handlers:
# 创建一个handler写入所有日志
fh = logging.FileHandler(all_log_name, encoding='utf-8')
fh.setLevel(logging.INFO)
# 创建一个handler写入错误日志
eh = logging.FileHandler(error_log_name, encoding='utf-8')
eh.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
# 创建一个handler输出到控制台
ch = logging.StreamHandler()
ch.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
# 以时间-日志器名称-日志级别-文件名-函数行号-错误内容
all_log_formatter = logging.Formatter(
'[%(asctime)s] %(filename)s - %(levelname)s - %(lineno)s - %(message)s')
# 以时间-日志器名称-日志级别-文件名-函数行号-错误内容
error_log_formatter = logging.Formatter(
'[%(asctime)s] %(filename)s - %(levelname)s - %(lineno)s - %(message)s')
# 将定义好的输出形式添加到handler
fh.setFormatter(all_log_formatter)
ch.setFormatter(all_log_formatter)
eh.setFormatter(error_log_formatter)
# 给logger添加handler
logger.addHandler(fh)
logger.addHandler(eh)
logger.addHandler(ch)
return logger
报告目录
执行case后自动生成,执行之前自动删除
allure 数据目录
执行case后自动生成,执行之前自动删除
base_request.py 请求封装工具类
class BaseRequest:
session = None
@classmethod
def get_session(cls):
if cls.session is None:
cls.session = requests.Session()
return cls.session
@classmethod
def send_request(cls, case: dict) -> Response:
"""
处理case数据,转换成可用数据发送请求
:param case: 读取出来的每一行用例内容
return: 响应对象
"""
log.info("开始执行用例: {}".format(case.get("title")))
req_data = RequestPreDataHandle(case).to_request_data
res = cls.send_api(
url=req_data["url"],
method=req_data["method"],
pk=req_data["pk"],
header=req_data.get("header", None),
data=req_data.get("data", None),
file=req_data.get("file", None)
)
allure_step('请求响应数据', res.text)
after_extract(res, req_data.get("extract", None))
return res
@classmethod
def send_api(cls, url, method, pk, header=None, data=None, file=None) -> Response:
"""
:param method: 请求方法
:param url: 请求url
:param pk: 入参关键字, params(查询参数类型,明文传输,一般在url?参数名=参数值), data(一般用于form表单类型参数)
json(一般用于json类型请求参数)
:param data: 参数数据,默认等于None
:param file: 文件对象
:param header: 请求头
:return: 返回res对象
"""
session = cls.get_session()
pk = pk.lower()
if pk == 'params':
res = session.request(method=method, url=url, params=data, headers=header)
elif pk == 'data':
res = session.request(method=method, url=url, data=data, files=file, headers=header)
elif pk == 'json':
res = session.request(method=method, url=url, json=data, files=file, headers=header)
else:
raise ValueError('pk可选关键字为params, json, data')
return res
pre_handle_utils.py 请求前置处理工具类
def pre_expr_handle(content) -> object:
"""
:param content: 原始的字符串内容
return content: 替换表达式后的字符串
"""
if content is None:
return None
if len(content) != 0:
log.info(f"开始进行字符串替换: 替换字符串为:{content}")
content = Template(str(content)).safe_substitute(GLOBAL_VARS)
for func in re.findall('\\${(.*?)}', content):
try:
content = content.replace('${%s}' % func, exec_func(func))
except Exception as e:
log.exception(e)
log.info(f"字符串替换完成: 替换字符串后为:{content}")
return content
after_handle_utils.py 后置操作处理工具类
def after_extract(response: Response, exp: str) -> None:
"""
:param response: request 响应对象
:param exp: 需要提取的参数字典 '{"k1": "$.data"}' 或 '{"k1": "data:(.*?)$"}'
:return:
"""
if exp:
if response_type(response) == "json":
res = response.json()
for k, v in exp.items():
GLOBAL_VARS[k] = json_extractor(res, v)
else:
res = response.text
for k, v in exp.items():
GLOBAL_VARS[k] = re_extract(res, v)
test_demo.py 用例文件示例
@allure.feature("登录")
class TestLogin:
@allure.story("正常登录成功")
@allure.severity(allure.severity_level.BLOCKER)
def test_login(self):
allure_title("正常登录")
data = {
"url": "api/login",
"method": "post",
"pk": "data",
"data": {"userName": "king", "pwd": 123456}
}
expected = {
"$.msg": "登录成功!"
}
# 发送请求
response = BaseRequest.send_request(data)
# 断言操作
assert_result(response, expected)
run.py 主入口执行文件
def run():
# 生成case在执行
if os.path.exists(auto_gen_case_path):
shutil.rmtree(auto_gen_case_path)
get_case_data()
if os.path.exists('outputs/reports/'):
shutil.rmtree(path='outputs/reports/')
# 本地调式执行
pytest.main(args=['-s', '--alluredir=outputs/reports'])
# 自动以服务形式打开报告
# os.system('allure serve outputs/reports')
# 本地生成报告
os.system('allure generate outputs/reports -o outputs/html --clean')
shutil.rmtree(auto_gen_case_path)
if __name__ == '__main__':
run()
执行记录
allure 报告
日志记录
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,164] base_request.py - INFO - 42 - 开始执行用例: 正常登录
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,165] pre_handle_utils.py - INFO - 37 - 开始进行字符串替换: 替换字符串为:bank/api/login
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,165] pre_handle_utils.py - INFO - 44 - 字符串替换完成: 替换字符串后为:bank/api/login
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,165] pre_handle_utils.py - INFO - 68 - 处理请求前url:bank/api/login
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,165] pre_handle_utils.py - INFO - 78 - 处理请求后 url:http://localhost:8091/bank/api/login
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,165] pre_handle_utils.py - INFO - 90 - 处理请求前Data: {'password': '123456', 'userName': 'king'}
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,165] pre_handle_utils.py - INFO - 37 - 开始进行字符串替换: 替换字符串为:{'password': '123456', 'userName': 'king'}
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,166] pre_handle_utils.py - INFO - 44 - 字符串替换完成: 替换字符串后为:{'password': '123456', 'userName': 'king'}
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,166] pre_handle_utils.py - INFO - 92 - 处理请求后Data: {'password': '123456', 'userName': 'king'}
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,166] pre_handle_utils.py - INFO - 100 - 处理请求前files: None
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,175] base_request.py - INFO - 53 - 请求响应数据{"code":"0","message":"success","data":null}
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,176] data_handle.py - INFO - 29 - 提取响应内容成功,提取表达式为: $.code 提取值为 0
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,176] assert_util.py - INFO - 49 - 第1个断言数据,实际结果:0 | 预期结果:0 断言方式:eq
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,176] data_handle.py - INFO - 29 - 提取响应内容成功,提取表达式为: $.message 提取值为 success
[2022-01-11 22:36:04,176] assert_util.py - INFO - 49 - 第2个断言数据,实际结果:success | 预期结果:success 断言方式:eq
到此这篇关于Pytest+Yaml+Excel 接口自动化测试框架的实现示例的文章就介绍到这了 |