POI表格导出多个sheet工作表

原文作者技术博客：https://www.jianshu.com/u/ac4daaeecdfe
下面是效果图：

一：导出表格方法

    /**
     * 导出学校信息，有多个工作表sheet
     * @param request
     * @param response
     */
    public void exportExcel(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
        try {
            String fileName = URLDecoder.decode(request.getParameter("fileName"),"UTF-8");
            response.setContentType("application/msexcel");
            response.setHeader("Content-disposition",
                    "attachment; filename=" + new String(fileName.getBytes("UTF-8"), "8859_1") + ".xls");
            HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
            OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();

            Map<String,List<School>>resultMap = School.getJsonMap();
            if(null == resultMap){
                workbook.write(os);
                os.close();
                return;
            }
            createExcelSheet(workbook,"文科",resultMap);
            createExcelSheet(workbook,"理科",resultMap);
            os = response.getOutputStream();
            workbook.write(os);
            os.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

二：生成单个工作表方法

    /**
     * 生成单个工作表
     * @param workbook
     * @param sheetName
     * @param dataMap
     */
    public static void createExcelSheet(HSSFWorkbook workbook , String sheetName,  Map<String,List<School>> dataMap){
        try {
            HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(sheetName);
            int columnSize = 6;
            //设置列宽
            for(int i = 0;i< columnSize;i++ ){
                sheet.setColumnWidth(i, 4000);
            }
            sheet.setColumnWidth(2, 10000);
            sheet.setColumnWidth(4, 15000);
            // 设置字体
            HSSFFont headfont = workbook.createFont();
            headfont.setFontName("宋体");
            // 字体大小
            headfont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 22);
            // 加粗
            headfont.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
            //头部样式
            HSSFCellStyle headstyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
            headstyle.setFont(headfont);
            // 左右居中
            headstyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
            // 上下居中
            headstyle.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
            headstyle.setLocked(true);
            // 自动换行
            headstyle.setWrapText(true);
            headstyle.setBorderLeft((short) 1);
            headstyle.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            headstyle.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            headstyle.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            headstyle.setBorderBottom((short) 1);
            headstyle.setBorderRight((short) 1);
            // 加粗字体样式
            HSSFFont columnHeadFont = workbook.createFont();
            columnHeadFont.setFontName("宋体");
            columnHeadFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
            columnHeadFont.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);

            // 列头的样式
            HSSFCellStyle columnHeadStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
            columnHeadStyle.setFont(columnHeadFont);
            columnHeadStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
            columnHeadStyle.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
            columnHeadStyle.setLocked(true);
            columnHeadStyle.setWrapText(true);
            columnHeadStyle.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            columnHeadStyle.setBorderTop((short) 1);
            columnHeadStyle.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            columnHeadStyle.setBorderLeft((short) 1);
            columnHeadStyle.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            columnHeadStyle.setBorderRight((short) 1);
            columnHeadStyle.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            columnHeadStyle.setBorderBottom((short) 1);
            HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
            font.setFontName("宋体");
            font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
            /**内容居中单元格样式*/
            HSSFCellStyle centerstyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
            centerstyle.setFont(font);
            centerstyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
            centerstyle.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
            centerstyle.setWrapText(true);
            centerstyle.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            centerstyle.setBorderLeft((short) 1);
            centerstyle.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            centerstyle.setBorderTop((short) 1);
            centerstyle.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            centerstyle.setBorderRight((short) 1);
            centerstyle.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            centerstyle.setBorderBottom((short) 1);
            centerstyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
            /**内容居左单元格样式*/
            HSSFCellStyle leftstyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
            leftstyle.setFont(font);
            leftstyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
            leftstyle.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
            leftstyle.setWrapText(true);
            leftstyle.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            leftstyle.setBorderLeft((short) 1);
            leftstyle.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            leftstyle.setBorderTop((short) 1);
            leftstyle.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            leftstyle.setBorderRight((short) 1);
            leftstyle.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            leftstyle.setBorderBottom((short) 1);
            leftstyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
            /**跨行跨列无边框线样式*/
            HSSFCellStyle rowColstyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
            rowColstyle.setFont(font);
            rowColstyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
            rowColstyle.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
            rowColstyle.setWrapText(true);
            rowColstyle.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
            rowColstyle.setBorderLeft((short) 1);
            rowColstyle.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
            rowColstyle.setBorderTop((short) 1);
            rowColstyle.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            rowColstyle.setBorderRight((short) 1);
            rowColstyle.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
            rowColstyle.setBorderBottom((short) 1);
            rowColstyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
            /**字体红色无边框居左*/
            HSSFFont redFont = workbook.createFont();
            redFont.setFontName("宋体");
            redFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
            redFont.setColor(HSSFColor.RED.index);
            HSSFCellStyle redStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
            redStyle.setFont(redFont);
            redStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
            redStyle.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
            redStyle.setWrapText(true);
            redStyle.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
            redStyle.setBorderLeft((short) 1);
            redStyle.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
            redStyle.setBorderTop((short) 1);
            redStyle.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            redStyle.setBorderRight((short) 1);
            redStyle.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
            redStyle.setBorderBottom((short) 1);
            redStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
            /**字体红色有边框居中*/
            HSSFCellStyle redCenterStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
            redCenterStyle.setFont(redFont);
            redCenterStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
            redCenterStyle.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
            redCenterStyle.setWrapText(true);
            redCenterStyle.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            redCenterStyle.setBorderLeft((short) 1);
            redCenterStyle.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            redCenterStyle.setBorderTop((short) 1);
            redCenterStyle.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            redCenterStyle.setBorderRight((short) 1);
            redCenterStyle.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            redCenterStyle.setBorderBottom((short) 1);
            redCenterStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
            /**字体红色加粗有边框居中*/
            HSSFFont redBoldFont = workbook.createFont();
            redBoldFont.setFontName("宋体");
            redBoldFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
            redBoldFont.setColor(HSSFColor.RED.index);
            redBoldFont.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
            HSSFCellStyle redBoldStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
            redBoldStyle.setFont(redBoldFont);
            redBoldStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
            redBoldStyle.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
            redBoldStyle.setWrapText(true);
            redBoldStyle.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            redBoldStyle.setBorderLeft((short) 1);
            redBoldStyle.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            redBoldStyle.setBorderTop((short) 1);
            redBoldStyle.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            redBoldStyle.setBorderRight((short) 1);
            redBoldStyle.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.BLACK.index);
            redBoldStyle.setBorderBottom((short) 1);
            redBoldStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);

            /**创建标题*/
            HSSFRow row0 = sheet.createRow(0);
            /**设置行高*/
            row0.setHeight((short) 900);
            HSSFCell cell = row0.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("*******Excel标题*******"));
            cell.setCellStyle(headstyle);
            for(int i = 1;i< columnSize;i++ ){
                cell = row0.createCell(i);
                cell.setCellStyle(headstyle);
            }
            CellRangeAddress range = new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0,5);
            sheet.addMergedRegion(range);

            /**创建第二行*/
            HSSFRow row1 = sheet.createRow(1);
            cell = row1.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("说明文字:"));
            row1.setHeight((short) 400);
            cell.setCellStyle(rowColstyle);
            for(int i = 1;i< columnSize;i++ ){
                cell = row1.createCell(i);
                cell.setCellStyle(rowColstyle);
            }
            range = new CellRangeAddress(1, 1, 0,5);
            sheet.addMergedRegion(range);
            /**创建第三行*/
            HSSFRow row2 = sheet.createRow(2);
            cell = row2.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("1、说明文字。"));
            row2.setHeight((short) 400);
            cell.setCellStyle(rowColstyle);
            for(int i = 1;i< columnSize;i++ ){
                cell = row2.createCell(i);
                cell.setCellStyle(rowColstyle);
            }
            range = new CellRangeAddress(2, 2, 0,5);
            sheet.addMergedRegion(range);
            /**创建第四行*/
            HSSFRow row3 = sheet.createRow(3);
            cell = row3.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("2、特殊提醒"));
            row3.setHeight((short) 400);
            cell.setCellStyle(redStyle);
            for(int i = 1;i< columnSize;i++ ){
                cell = row3.createCell(i);
                cell.setCellStyle(redStyle);
            }
            range = new CellRangeAddress(3, 3, 0,5);
            sheet.addMergedRegion(range);
            /**创建第五行*/
            HSSFRow row4 = sheet.createRow(4);
            cell = row4.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("3、用户协议"));
            row4.setHeight((short) 400);
            cell.setCellStyle(rowColstyle);
            for(int i = 1;i< columnSize;i++ ){
                cell = row4.createCell(i);
                cell.setCellStyle(rowColstyle);
            }
            range = new CellRangeAddress(4, 4, 0,5);
            sheet.addMergedRegion(range);
            /**第六行开始创建批次数据*/
            int rowNo = 5;
            int rowFlag = 0;
            for(Map.Entry<String,List<School>> map:dataMap.entrySet()){
                String batName = map.getKey();
                HSSFRow row5 = sheet.createRow(rowNo++);
                cell = row5.createCell(0);
                cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(batName));
                row5.setHeight((short) 700);
                cell.setCellStyle(columnHeadStyle);
                for(int i = 1;i< columnSize;i++ ){
                    cell = row5.createCell(i);
                    cell.setCellStyle(columnHeadStyle);
                }
                range = new CellRangeAddress(rowNo-1, rowNo-1, 0,5);
                sheet.addMergedRegion(range);
                /**志愿表信息列标题*/
                HSSFRow row6 = sheet.createRow(rowNo++);
                row6.setHeight((short) 700);
                cell = row6.createCell(0);
                cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("序号"));
                cell.setCellStyle(columnHeadStyle);
                cell = row6.createCell(1);
                cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("学校代码"));
                cell.setCellStyle(columnHeadStyle);
                cell = row6.createCell(2);
                cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("学校名称"));
                cell.setCellStyle(columnHeadStyle);
                cell = row6.createCell(3);
                cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("年份"));
                cell.setCellStyle(columnHeadStyle);
                cell = row6.createCell(4);
                cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("录取分数"));
                cell.setCellStyle(columnHeadStyle);
                cell = row6.createCell(5);
                cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("是否确认"));
                cell.setCellStyle(redBoldStyle);

                Map<String,List<School>> scoreMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
                for(School detail:map.getValue()){
                    String schoolCode = detail.getCode();
                    List<School> scoreList = new ArrayList<>();
                    if(scoreMap.containsKey(schoolCode)){
                        scoreList = scoreMap.get(schoolCode);
                    }
                    scoreList.add(detail);
                    scoreMap.put(schoolCode,scoreList);

                }
                int r = 0;
                for(Map.Entry<String,List<School>> s:scoreMap.entrySet()){
                    r++;
                    for(School detail:s.getValue()){
                        /**志愿表信息列*/
                        HSSFRow row7 = sheet.createRow(rowNo++);
                        row7.setHeight((short) 700);
                        cell = row7.createCell(0);
                        cell.setCellValue(r);
                        cell.setCellStyle(centerstyle);
                        cell = row7.createCell(1);
                        cell.setCellValue(detail.getCode());
                        cell.setCellStyle(centerstyle);
                        cell = row7.createCell(2);
                        cell.setCellValue(detail.getName());
                        cell.setCellStyle(centerstyle);
                        cell = row7.createCell(3);
                        cell.setCellValue(detail.getYear());
                        cell.setCellStyle(centerstyle);
                        cell = row7.createCell(4);
                        cell.setCellValue(detail.getScore());
                        cell.setCellStyle(leftstyle);
                        cell = row7.createCell(5);
                        cell.setCellValue(1 == detail.getIs_confirm()?"是":"否");
                        cell.setCellStyle(redCenterStyle);

                    }
                    /**合并单元格*/
                    range = new CellRangeAddress(rowNo-s.getValue().size(), rowNo-1,  0, 0);
                    sheet.addMergedRegion(range);
                    range = new CellRangeAddress(rowNo-s.getValue().size(), rowNo-1,  1, 1);
                    sheet.addMergedRegion(range);
                    range = new CellRangeAddress(rowNo-s.getValue().size(), rowNo-1,  2, 2);
                    sheet.addMergedRegion(range);
                    range = new CellRangeAddress(rowNo-s.getValue().size(), rowNo-1,  5, 5);
                    sheet.addMergedRegion(range);
                }
                /**创建空行*/
                if(dataMap.size() > ++rowFlag){
                    HSSFRow row8 = sheet.createRow(rowNo++);
                    cell = row8.createCell(0);
                    row8.setHeight((short) 700);
                    cell.setCellStyle(centerstyle);
                    for(int i = 1;i< columnSize;i++ ){
                        cell = row8.createCell(i);
                        cell.setCellStyle(centerstyle);
                    }
                    range = new CellRangeAddress(rowNo-1, rowNo-1, 0,5);
                    sheet.addMergedRegion(range);
                }

            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

三：导出的数据在实际开发中一般是数据库查询出来的数据，这个示例是学校分数线的测试数据，因此创建了一个枚举类来存放我们的测试数据，方便我们在导出数据的时候访问对象。
School枚举类如下：

package com.qiuxuebao.app.controller.expert.bds;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by hs011 on 2019/1/26.
 */
public enum School {

    data1("01","北京大学",1,"本科一批",2016,"最低分：666",1),
    data2("01","北京大学",1,"本科一批",2017,"最低分：665",1),
    data3("01","北京大学",1,"本科一批",2018,"最低分：664",1),
    data4("02","清华大学",1,"本科一批",2016,"平均分：680",0),
    data5("02","清华大学",1,"本科一批",2017,"平均分：682",0),
    data6("02","清华大学",1,"本科一批",2018,"平均分：681",0),
    data7("03","软件学院",2,"本科二批",2016,"最高分：506",1),
    data8("03","软件学院",2,"本科二批",2017,"最高分：488",1),
    data9("03","软件学院",2,"本科二批",2018,"最高分：489",1);
    /**学校编码*/
    private String code;
    /**学校名称*/
    private String name;
    /**学校批次*/
    private int bat;
    /**批次名称*/
    private String batName;
    /**年份*/
    private int year;
    /**录取分数*/
    private String score;
    /**是否确认*/
    private int is_confirm;

    private School(String code,String name,int bat,String batName,int year,String score,int is_confirm) {
        this.code = code;
        this.name = name;
        this.bat = bat;
        this.batName = batName;
        this.year = year;
        this.score = score;
        this.is_confirm = is_confirm;
    }
    /**
     * 获取所有的学校
     * @return
     */
    public static HashMap<String, List<School>> getJsonMap() {
        HashMap<String, List<School>> jsonMap = new HashMap<String, List<School>>();
        for (School school : School.values()) {
            if(jsonMap.containsKey(school.getBatName())){
                jsonMap.get(school.getBatName()).add(school);
            }else{
                List<School> list = new ArrayList<>();
                list.add(school);
                jsonMap.put(school.getBatName(),list);
            }
        }
        return jsonMap;
    }

    public String getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(String code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getBat() {
        return bat;
    }

    public void setBat(int bat) {
        this.bat = bat;
    }

    public int getYear() {
        return year;
    }

    public void setYear(int year) {
        this.year = year;
    }

    public String getScore() {
        return score;
    }

    public void setScore(String score) {
        this.score = score;
    }

    public int getIs_confirm() {
        return is_confirm;
    }

    public void setIs_confirm(int is_confirm) {
        this.is_confirm = is_confirm;
    }

    public String getBatName() {
        return batName;
    }

    public void setBatName(String batName) {
        this.batName = batName;
    }
}