句子的组成部分,包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语、同位语八种
主语是句子叙述的主体,可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。
谓语说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语由动词来承担。
宾语是动作的对象或承受者,常位于及物动词或介词后面。宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。
主语和谓语是英语句子的两大成分,除少数句子(如祈使句和感叹句等)外,一句话必须同时具有主语和谓语所表达的意思才能完整。主语是针对谓语而言的,是一句话的主题,谓语用来说明主语的情况,为主语提供信息。例如:They are working.主语是they(他们),那么他们在做什么呢?看来没有谓语are working 是不行的。在正常情况下,英语的主语和谓语的位置与汉语一致,也就是说主语在前,谓语紧跟其后。那么,哪些词语可以做主语,谓语,何时主谓倒置,主语与谓语的一致情况如何,我将一一讲述。
定义:主语是句子陈述的对象,说明是谁或什么。表示句子说的是"什么人"或“什么事”。主语是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。
哪些词可以充当主语
1,名词
例如:
A mooncake is a delicious,round cake.
The first truck is carrying a few baskets.
The temperature will stay above zero.
The doctor looked over Mrs. Brown very carefully.
China does not want to copy the USA’s example.
2,代词
例如:
It’s a young forest.
I don’t know if it will grow.
That’s a bit expensive.
You’d better buy a new pair.
I’m afraid we haven’t got any black shoes.
3,数词
例如:
One and two is three.
One is not enough for me. I want one more.
One of them is English.
Suddenly one of the bags fell off the truck.
Two will be enough.
4,不定式(常以 It’s adj. to do sth. 形式出现)
例如:
To give is better than to receive = It’s better to give.
I found it difficult to get to sleep.
It’s glad to see you again.
It was difficult to say.
But it’s good to swim in