手动制作Docker容器镜像

文章目录

  • 手动制作Docker容器镜像
      • 说明
      • 前期准备
      • 制作镜像
        • 1.启动一个centos系统的容器
        • 2.在centos容器中源码安装httpd服务
        • 3.基于已经安装好httpd服务的centos容器制作一个httpd镜像
        • 4.验证制作出来的镜像的功能
        • 5.上传至自己的docker镜像仓库(可选)

手动制作Docker容器镜像

说明

基于centos镜像启动一个容器,在这个容器里面源码安装一个httpd服务,并写一个简单的网页。再把这个运行了httpd服务的容器制作成一个镜像。这样以后直接把这个制作的镜像运行起来,就可以运行一个httpd服务。


前期准备

需要在主机上安装docker。如何安装docker请阅读Docker基础

还需要注册一个docker账号(上传镜像需要)docker官网


制作镜像

1.启动一个centos系统的容器
//拉取centos镜像
[root@wanf ~]# docker pull centos
[root@wanf ~]# docker images 
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   2 years ago   231MB

//基于centos镜像运行一个centos容器,并进入该容器
[root@wanf ~]# docker run --name centos -it centos
[root@7c01047df948 /]# ls
bin  etc   lib	  lost+found  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
dev  home  lib64  media       opt  root  sbin  sys  usr
[root@7c01047df948 /]# 
2.在centos容器中源码安装httpd服务

在centos容器里面的操作与在centos主机上操作一样

源码编译安装httpd

//配置国内yum源
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# yum clean all 
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# yum makecache 
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# 

//安装依赖包和工具包
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool gcc gcc-c++ make wget

//下载源码包
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# wget https://downloads.apache.org/apr/apr-1.7.4.tar.gz -P /usr/src/
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# wget https://downloads.apache.org/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz -P /usr/src/
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.57.tar.gz -P /usr/src/

//开始编译安装
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@7c01047df948 src]# tar -xf apr-1.7.4.tar.gz 
[root@7c01047df948 src]# cd apr-1.7.4
[root@7c01047df948 apr-1.7.4]# sed -i 's/$RM "$cfgfile"/#$RM "$cfgfile"/g' configure
[root@7c01047df948 apr-1.7.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@7c01047df948 apr-1.7.4]# make -j4 && make install

[root@7c01047df948 apr-1.7.4]# cd ..
[root@7c01047df948 src]# tar -xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz 
[root@7c01047df948 src]# cd apr-util-1.6.3
[root@7c01047df948 apr-util-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[root@7c01047df948 apr-util-1.6.3]# make -j4 && make install

[root@7c01047df948 apr-util-1.6.3]# cd ..
[root@7c01047df948 src]# groupadd -r apache
[root@7c01047df948 src]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g apache apache
[root@7c01047df948 src]# tar -xf httpd-2.4.57.tar.gz 
[root@7c01047df948 src]# cd httpd-2.4.57
[root@7c01047df948 httpd-2.4.57]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 \
--enable-so \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-rewrite \
--with-zlib \
--with-pcre \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
--enable-modules=most \
--enable-mpms-shared=all \
--with-mpm=prefork
(过程省略)
[root@7c01047df948 httpd-2.4.57]# make -j4 && make install
(过程省略)

//配置并启动httpd
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# bash
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# echo 'MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man' >> /etc/man.config
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# sed -i '/#ServerName/s/#//g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

//准备一个简单的静态web页面
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/index.html 
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# cat /usr/local/apache/htdocs/index.html 
<html><body><h1>nice moon!</h1></body></html>
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start

//删除安装时用到的源码包
[root@7c01047df948 ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@7c01047df948 src]# ls
apr-1.7.4	  apr-util-1.6.3	 debug	       httpd-2.4.57.tar.gz
apr-1.7.4.tar.gz  apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz  httpd-2.4.57  kernels
[root@7c01047df948 src]# rm -rf a* h*
[root@7c01047df948 src]# ls
debug  kernels
[root@7c01047df948 src]# 
3.基于已经安装好httpd服务的centos容器制作一个httpd镜像

建议另起一个终端进行制作镜像的操作

lcwanf/httpd:v0.1的含义:lcwanf是我的docker账号名字,httpd是镜像名字,v0.1是版本号。如果需要上传到自己的docker仓库的话就需要加上lcwanf/

//制作镜像
[root@wanf ~]# docker commit -a 'lcwanf' -c 'CMD ["/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd","-X","-D","FOREGROUND"]' -p centos lcwanf/httpd:v0.1

[root@wanf ~]# docker images 
REPOSITORY     TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
lcwanf/httpd   v0.1      d078f9fc7d54   35 seconds ago   574MB
centos         latest    5d0da3dc9764   2 years ago      231MB
[root@wanf ~]# 
4.验证制作出来的镜像的功能

运行这个容器,并映射到真机的8080端口号

//查看镜像id
[root@wanf ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY     TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
lcwanf/httpd   v0.1      62551f713247   4 minutes ago   574MB
centos         latest    5d0da3dc9764   2 years ago     231MB

//运行容器
[root@wanf ~]# docker run -d -p 8080:80 --name httpd -it 62551f713247
fd52d76f603c94d9d1310f6b8925b107045728f468c63eb22d9c8036831c1ba1

//容器正在运行
[root@wanf ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                                   NAMES
fd52d76f603c   62551f713247   "/usr/local/apache/b…"   8 seconds ago   Up 7 seconds   0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp, :::8080->80/tcp   httpd

//端口映射成功
[root@wanf ~]# ss -anlt
State   Recv-Q  Send-Q    Local Address:Port     Peer Address:Port  Process  
LISTEN  0       2048            0.0.0.0:8080          0.0.0.0:*              
LISTEN  0       128             0.0.0.0:22            0.0.0.0:*              
LISTEN  0       2048               [::]:8080             [::]:*              
LISTEN  0       128                [::]:22               [::]:*              
[root@wanf ~]# 

在浏览器访问测试

手动制作Docker容器镜像_第1张图片

成功访问到


5.上传至自己的docker镜像仓库(可选)
//登录docker账号
[root@wanf ~]# docker login 
Log in with your Docker ID or email address to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com/ to create one.
You can log in with your password or a Personal Access Token (PAT). Using a limited-scope PAT grants better security and is required for organizations using SSO. Learn more at https://docs.docker.com/go/access-tokens/

Username: lcwanf		//输入自己的用户名
Password: 			//输入密码
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded		//登录成功
[root@wanf ~]# 

//上传镜像
[root@wanf ~]# docker push lcwanf/httpd:v0.1
(耐心等待...)

在docker官网登录自己的账号,在镜像仓库里面查看

手动制作Docker容器镜像_第2张图片

上传完毕

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