Spring Cloud Alibaba Seata 实现 XA 事物
Seata 是一款开源的分布式事务解决方案，致力于提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务。Seata 将为用户提供了 AT、TCC、SAGA 和 XA 事务模式，为用户打造一站式的分布式解决方案
Seata 官网：https://seata.io/zh-cn/
Spring Cloud Alibaba 官网：https://sca.aliyun.com/zh-cn/
版本说明
SpringBoot 版本 2.6.5
SpringCloud 版本 2021.0.1
SpringCloudAlibaba 版本 2021.0.1.0
本文详细说明
数据库服务器版本 mysql 8.0.25
mybatis plus 版本 3.5.1
nacos 版本 1.4.2
seata 客户端版本 1.4.2
seata 服务端版本 1.7.1
本文讲解的是 seata 的 XA 事物模型，在开始阅读下面内容之前，建议先阅读笔者的这篇文章《Spring Cloud Alibaba Seata 实现分布式事物》，这篇文章中实现的是 seata 的 AT 事物，且笔者的本篇文章《Spring Cloud Alibaba Seata 实现 XA 事物》是在《Spring Cloud Alibaba Seata 实现分布式事物》基础上写的，很多内容需要先了解，涉及seata 和nacos的重复内容，笔者在本篇文章中不在赘述，因此建议读者先看《Spring Cloud Alibaba Seata 实现分布式事物》，之后再学习本篇文章。当然，如果你对 seata 的搭建已经非常熟悉，那么可以直接开始下面阅读
XA 是由Tuxedo首先提出的，并交给X/Open组织。XA 是一个分布式事务协议。XA 协议主要定义了事务管理器TM（Transaction Manager，协调者）和资源管理器RM（Resource Manager，参与者）之间的接口。其中，资源管理器往往由数据库实现，如Oracle、DB2、MySQL，这些商业数据库都实现了XA 接口，而事务管理器作为全局的调度者，负责各个本地资源的提交和回滚。XA 事务是基于两阶段提交（Two-phaseCommit，2PC）协议实现的，可以保证数据的强一致性。阶段一为准备阶段，所有的参与者准备执行事务并锁住需要的资源，当参与者Ready时，向TM 汇报自己已经准备好了。阶段二为提交阶段，当TM 确认所有参与者都Ready 后，向所有参与者发送COMMIT 命令提交
seata XA 事物官网文档：https://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/dev/mode/xa-mode
目录
1、创建项目
1.1、新建 maven 聚合项目 cloud-learn
1.2、创建 account 服务
1.3、创建 order 服务
2、添加配置
2.1、客户端配置
2.2、服务端配置
3、数据库建表
3.1、seata 服务端建表
3.2、seata 客户端建表
4、运行测试
5、项目代码
1、创建项目
1.1、新建 maven 聚合项目 cloud-learn
最外层父工程 cloud-learn 的 pom.xml
4.0.0
com.wsjzzcbq
cloud-learn
1.0-SNAPSHOT
gateway-learn
consumer-learn
sentinel-learn
seata-at-account-learn
seata-at-order-learn
seata-tcc-order-learn
seata-tcc-account-learn
seata-xa-account-learn
seata-xa-order-learn
pom
naxus-aliyun
naxus-aliyun
https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public
true
false
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
2.6.5
2021.0.1
2021.0.1.0
2021.1
2021.1
3.1.1
1.1.17
8.0.11
3.5.1
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-dependencies
${spring-cloud.version}
pom
import
com.alibaba.cloud
spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies
${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}
pom
import
com.alibaba.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery
${alibaba-nacos-discovery.veriosn}
com.alibaba.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config
${alibaba-nacos-config.version}
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-bootstrap
${spring-cloud-starter-bootstrap.version}
com.alibaba.fastjson2
fastjson2
2.0.40
org.projectlombok
lombok
下面会创建2个服务 account 和 order，模拟用户下订单后扣减账户金额，服务间使用 feign 调用，因为 account 和 order 服务使用不同的数据库，因此产生分布式事物，使用 seata 解决
1.2、创建 account 服务
创建子工程 seata-xa-account-learn
seata-xa-account-learn pom 文件
cloud-learn
com.wsjzzcbq
1.0-SNAPSHOT
4.0.0
seata-xa-account-learn
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
com.alibaba.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery
com.alibaba.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config
com.alibaba.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata
com.alibaba
druid-spring-boot-starter
${druid.version}
mysql
mysql-connector-java
${mysql.version}
com.baomidou
mybatis-plus-boot-starter
${mybatis-plus.version}
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-maven-plugin
启动类 SeataXAAccountApplication
package com.wsjzzcbq;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
/**
* SeataXAAccountApplication
*
* @author wsjz
* @date 2023/10/24
*/
@MapperScan(value = {"com.wsjzzcbq.mapper"})
@SpringBootApplication
public class SeataXAAccountApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SeataXAAccountApplication.class, args);
}
}
实体类 Account
package com.wsjzzcbq.bean;
import lombok.Data;
/**
* Account
*
* @author wsjz
* @date 2022/07/07
*/
@Data
public class Account {
private Integer id;
private String userId;
private Integer money;
}
AccountMapper
package com.wsjzzcbq.mapper;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.wsjzzcbq.bean.Account;
/**
* AccountMapper
*
* @author wsjz
* @date 2023/10/13
*/
public interface AccountMapper extends BaseMapper {
}
AccountService
package com.wsjzzcbq.service;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.IService;
import com.wsjzzcbq.bean.Account;
/**
* AccountService
*
* @author wsjz
* @date 2023/10/13
*/
public interface AccountService extends IService {
String reduce(String userId, int money);
}
AccountServiceImpl
package com.wsjzzcbq.service.impl;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.update.UpdateWrapper;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import com.wsjzzcbq.bean.Account;
import com.wsjzzcbq.mapper.AccountMapper;
import com.wsjzzcbq.service.AccountService;
import io.seata.core.context.RootContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* AccountServiceImpl
*
* @author wsjz
* @date 2023/10/13
*/
@Service
public class AccountServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl implements AccountService {
@Override
public String reduce(String userId, int money) {
String xid = RootContext.getXID();
System.out.println(xid);
UpdateWrapper up = new UpdateWrapper<>();
String sql = "money = money - " + money;
up.setSql(sql);
up.eq("user_id", userId);
this.update(up);
return "ok";
}
}
AccountController
package com.wsjzzcbq.controller;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.wsjzzcbq.bean.Account;
import com.wsjzzcbq.service.AccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* AccountController
*
* @author wsjz
* @date 2023/10/13
*/
@RequestMapping("/account")
@RestController
public class AccountController {
@Autowired
private AccountService accountService;
@GetMapping("/find")
public String find() throws JsonProcessingException {
Account account = accountService.list().get(0);
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
String res = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(account);
System.out.println(res);
return res;
}
@RequestMapping("/reduce")
public String debit(String userId, int money) {
try {
accountService.reduce(userId, money);
return "扣款成功";
} catch (Exception e) {
return "扣款失败";
}
}
}
application.yml 文件
server:
port: 9001
spring:
application:
name: seata-xa-account-learn
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.3.232:3306/pmc-account?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
username: root
password: 123456
cloud:
nacos:
username: nacos
password: nacos
server-addr: 192.168.2.140
discovery:
namespace: public
# server-addr: 192.168.2.140
# config:
# server-addr:
seata:
config:
type: nacos
nacos:
server-addr: ${spring.cloud.nacos.server-addr}
username: ${spring.cloud.nacos.username}
password: ${spring.cloud.nacos.password}
group: SEATA_GROUP
data-id: seata-xa.properties
registry:
type: nacos
nacos:
application: seata-server
cluster: default
server-addr: ${spring.cloud.nacos.server-addr}
username: ${spring.cloud.nacos.username}
password: ${spring.cloud.nacos.password}
group: SEATA_GROUP
data-source-proxy-mode: XA
# 事物分组，如果不配置默认是spring.application.name + '-seata-service-group'
# tx-service-group:
logging:
level:
com.wsjzzcbq.mapper: debug
配置参数说明可以看《Spring Cloud Alibaba Seata 实现分布式事物》，这里不再赘述
XA 事物配置和 AT 的事物配置的区别是 seata.data-source-proxy-mode=XA，默认是AT
1.3、创建 order 服务
创建子工程 seata-xa-order-learn 项目
seata-xa-order-learn pom 文件
cloud-learn
com.wsjzzcbq
1.0-SNAPSHOT
4.0.0
seata-xa-order-learn
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
com.alibaba.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery
com.alibaba.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-openfeign
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer
com.alibaba.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata
com.alibaba
druid-spring-boot-starter
${druid.version}
mysql
mysql-connector-java
${mysql.version}
com.baomidou
mybatis-plus-boot-starter
${mybatis-plus.version}
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-maven-plugin
启动类 SeataXAOrderApplication
package com.wsjzzcbq;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
/**
* SeataXAOrderApplication
*
* @author wsjz
* @date 2023/10/24
*/
@MapperScan(value = {"com.wsjzzcbq.mapper"})
@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication
public class SeataXAOrderApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SeataXAOrderApplication.class, args);
}
}
订单实体类 Order
package com.wsjzzcbq.bean;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import lombok.Data;
/**
* Order
*
* @author wsjz
* @date 2022/07/07
*/
@TableName("order_tbl")
@Data
public class Order {
private Integer id;
private String userId;
private String code;
private Integer count;
private Integer money;
}
OrderMapper
package com.wsjzzcbq.mapper;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.wsjzzcbq.bean.Order;
/**
* OrderMapper
*
* @author wsjz
* @date 2022/07/07
*/
public interface OrderMapper extends BaseMapper {
}
AccountFeign
package com.wsjzzcbq.feign;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
/**
* AccountFeign
*
* @author wsjz
* @date 2023/10/13
*/
@FeignClient(value = "seata-xa-account-learn")
public interface AccountFeign {
@RequestMapping("/account/reduce")
String debit(@RequestParam("userId") String userId, @RequestParam("money") int money);
}
OrderService
package com.wsjzzcbq.service;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.IService;
import com.wsjzzcbq.bean.Order;
/**
* OrderService
*
* @author wsjz
* @date 2022/07/07
*/
public interface OrderService extends IService {
void create(String userId, int money, boolean rollback);
}
OrderServiceImpl
package com.wsjzzcbq.service.impl;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import com.wsjzzcbq.bean.Order;
import com.wsjzzcbq.feign.AccountFeign;
import com.wsjzzcbq.mapper.OrderMapper;
import com.wsjzzcbq.service.OrderService;
import io.seata.core.context.RootContext;
import io.seata.spring.annotation.GlobalTransactional;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
* OrderServiceImpl
*
* @author wsjz
* @date 2022/07/07
*/
@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl implements OrderService {
@Autowired
private AccountFeign accountFeign;
@GlobalTransactional
@Override
public void create(String userId, int money, boolean rollback) {
String xid = RootContext.getXID();
System.out.println(xid);
String orderCode = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
Order order = new Order();
order.setCode(orderCode);
order.setCount(1);
order.setUserId(userId);
order.setMoney(money);
this.save(order);
accountFeign.debit(userId, money);
if (rollback) {
int a = 1/0;
}
}
}
OrderController
package com.wsjzzcbq.controller;
import com.wsjzzcbq.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* OrderController
*
* @author wsjz
* @date 2022/07/09
*/
@RequestMapping("/order")
@RestController
public class OrderController {
@Autowired
private OrderService orderService;
/**
* http://localhost:9002/order/create?userId=101&money=10&rollback=false
* http://localhost:9002/order/create?userId=101&money=10&rollback=true
* @param userId
* @param money
* @param rollback
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/create")
public String create(String userId, int money, boolean rollback) {
try {
orderService.create(userId, money, rollback);
return "下单成功";
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return "下单失败";
}
}
}
application.yml 文件
server:
port: 9002
spring:
application:
name: seata-xa-order-learn
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.3.232:3306/pmc-order?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
username: root
password: 123456
cloud:
nacos:
username: nacos
password: nacos
server-addr: 192.168.2.140
discovery:
namespace: public
# server-addr: 192.168.2.140
# config:
# server-addr:
seata:
config:
type: nacos
nacos:
server-addr: ${spring.cloud.nacos.server-addr}
username: ${spring.cloud.nacos.username}
password: ${spring.cloud.nacos.password}
group: SEATA_GROUP
data-id: seata-xa.properties
registry:
type: nacos
nacos:
application: seata-server
cluster: default
server-addr: ${spring.cloud.nacos.server-addr}
username: ${spring.cloud.nacos.username}
password: ${spring.cloud.nacos.password}
group: SEATA_GROUP
# 事物分组，如果不配置默认是spring.application.name + '-seata-service-group'
tx-service-group: seata-xa-account-learn-seata-service-group
data-source-proxy-mode: XA
logging:
level:
com.wsjzzcbq.mapper: debug
mybatis-plus:
global-config:
db-config:
id-type: auto2、添加配置
2.1、客户端配置
在nacos上新建 group 是 SEATA_GROUP，data-id 是 seata-xa.properties 的配置，内容如下
seata-xa.properties
#For details about configuration items, see https://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/user/configurations.html
#Transport configuration, for client and server
transport.type=TCP
transport.server=NIO
transport.heartbeat=true
transport.enableTmClientBatchSendRequest=false
transport.enableRmClientBatchSendRequest=true
transport.enableTcServerBatchSendResponse=false
transport.rpcRmRequestTimeout=30000
transport.rpcTmRequestTimeout=30000
transport.rpcTcRequestTimeout=30000
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
transport.shutdown.wait=3
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none
#Transaction routing rules configuration, only for the client
service.vgroupMapping.seata-xa-account-learn-seata-service-group=default
#If you use a registry, you can ignore it
service.default.grouplist=127.0.0.1:8091
service.enableDegrade=false
service.disableGlobalTransaction=false
#Transaction rule configuration, only for the client
client.rm.asyncCommitBufferLimit=10000
client.rm.lock.retryInterval=10
client.rm.lock.retryTimes=30
client.rm.lock.retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict=true
client.rm.reportRetryCount=5
client.rm.tableMetaCheckEnable=true
client.rm.tableMetaCheckerInterval=60000
client.rm.sqlParserType=druid
client.rm.reportSuccessEnable=false
client.rm.sagaBranchRegisterEnable=false
client.rm.sagaJsonParser=fastjson
client.rm.tccActionInterceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.tm.commitRetryCount=5
client.tm.rollbackRetryCount=5
client.tm.defaultGlobalTransactionTimeout=60000
client.tm.degradeCheck=false
client.tm.degradeCheckAllowTimes=10
client.tm.degradeCheckPeriod=2000
client.tm.interceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.undo.dataValidation=true
client.undo.logSerialization=jackson
client.undo.onlyCareUpdateColumns=true
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
client.undo.logTable=undo_log
client.undo.compress.enable=true
client.undo.compress.type=zip
client.undo.compress.threshold=64k
#For TCC transaction mode
tcc.fence.logTableName=tcc_fence_log
tcc.fence.cleanPeriod=1h
# You can choose from the following options: fastjson, jackson, gson
tcc.contextJsonParserType=fastjson
#Log rule configuration, for client and server
log.exceptionRate=100seata-xa.properties 在《Spring Cloud Alibaba Seata 实现分布式事物》的 seata.properties 基础上修改事物分组即可
2.2、服务端配置
服务端配置和《Spring Cloud Alibaba Seata 实现分布式事物》保持一致，无需修改
3、数据库建表
3.1、seata 服务端建表
看《Spring Cloud Alibaba Seata 实现分布式事物》seata 服务端建表，保持一致，无需修改
3.2、seata 客户端建表
看《Spring Cloud Alibaba Seata 实现分布式事物》seata 客户端建表
undo_log 表不需要，保留 account 和 order_tbl 表即可
4、运行测试
启动 seata-server-1.7.1
进入 bin 目录，双击 seata-server.bat
启动 account 和 order 服务
nacos 服务和配置
测试正常情况
浏览器请求：http://localhost:9002/order/create?userId=101&money=10&rollback=false
扣减账户 10 元，新增订单
测试回滚情况
l浏览器请求：http://localhost:9002/order/create?userId=101&money=10&rollback=true
5、项目代码
码云地址：https://gitee.com/wsjzzcbq/csdn-blog/tree/master/cloud-learn
至此完