linux下使用parted进行磁盘分区

转载自:https://www.cnblogs.com/onlybobby/p/7018788.html

parted命令

fdisk命令是针对MBR分区进行操作,MBR分区因为自身设计原因,不能处理大于2TB的硬盘,并且只能有4个分区。

针对大于2TB的硬盘,需要采用GPT分区,使用parted命令进行操作 

 

parted命令使用

print  [free|all | NUMBER]  查看分区状态信息
mkpart PART-TYPE START END

 创建新分区,

PART-TYPE: primary  extended   logical 

START, END  开始,结束为止

set NUMBER  FLAG  STATE

 对编号为NUMBER的进行标记。

FLAG: boot  引导, hidden 隐藏, raid  软raid, lvm  逻辑卷, 

STATE:  on| off

mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE  对NUMBER指定文件系统。FS-Type有:ext2、fat16、fat32、linuxswap、NTFS、reiserfs、ufs 等
 cp  [FROM-DEV] FROM-NUMBER  TO-NUMBER  将分区 FROM-NUMBER 上的文件系统完整地复制到分区TO-NUMBER 中,作为可选项还可以指定一个来源硬盘的设备名称FROM-DEVICE,若省略则在当前设备上进行复制。
 move NUMBER START END

 将指定编号 NUMBER 的分区移动到从 START 开始 END 结束的位置上。注意:(1)只能将分区移动到空闲空间中。(2)虽然分区被移动了,但它的分区编号是不会改变的

resize NUMBER START END

对指定编号 NUMBER 的分区调整大小。分区的开始位置和结束位置由 START 和 END 决定

check NUMBER

检查指定编号 NUMBER 分区中的文件系统是否有什么错误

rescue START END  rescue START END 
mklabel,mktable LABELTYPE 创建一个新的 LABEL-TYPE 类型的空磁盘分区表,对于PC而言 msdos 是常用的 LABELTYPE。 若是用 GUID 分区表,LABEL-TYPE 应该为 gpt

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

实例: 

复制代码
1. 对/dev/sdb分区进行操作
[root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/sdb GNU Parted 3.1 Using /dev/sdb Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

2. 制定磁盘格式为gpt (parted) mklabel New disk label type
? gpt

3. 查看磁盘分区信息 (parted) print Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk
/dev/sdb: 1074MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
4. 制作分区 (parted) mkpart Partition name
? []? d1 File system type? [ext2]? ext4 Start? 0 End? 512M Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance. #注意这个警告。采用这种方式分区只是测试,后边又把相关分区删除了。 Ignore/Cancel? i

5. 查看新增分区后的状态 (parted) prin Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk
/dev/sdb: 1074MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 17.4kB 512MB 512MB d1
6. 删除分区1(Number号) (parted) rm
1
7. 新增分区 primary 分区,起始2048sector ,结束磁盘大小的50% (parted) mkpart primary 2048s
50% (parted) print Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 537MB 536MB primary
8. 新增另一个分区,primary分区,起始磁盘的50%,结束100%大小。 (parted) mkpart primary
50% 100%
(parted) p Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk
/dev/sdb: 1074MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 537MB 536MB primary 2 537MB 1073MB 536MB primary
9. 退出parted (parted) q Information: You may need to update
/etc/fstab.
10. fdisk查看磁盘状态。能够发现新增磁盘分区状态。 [root@localhost
~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000c0b7f Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux /dev/sda2 1026048 41943039 20458496 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-root: 18.8 GB, 18798870528 bytes, 36716544 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion. Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: gpt # Start End Size Type Name 1 2048 1048575 511M Microsoft basic primary 2 1048576 2095103 511M Microsoft basic primary 11. 新增完成后,建议重新格式化分区。 [root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=1024 (log=0) Fragment size=1024 (log=0) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 131072 inodes, 523264 blocks 26163 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=1 Maximum filesystem blocks=34078720 64 block groups 8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group 2048 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (8192 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done [root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2 mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=1024 (log=0) Fragment size=1024 (log=0) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 131072 inodes, 523264 blocks 26163 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=1 Maximum filesystem blocks=34078720 64 block groups 8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group 2048 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (8192 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done


12. 修改/etc/fstab实现自动挂载

建议使用UUID进行挂在
blkid /dev/sdb1 (或者blkid)
/dev/sdb1: UUID="bc95b330-5eb9-4b68-9f9f-71c52247a1b4" TYPE="ext4"

修改/etc/fstab
UUID=bc95b330-5eb9-4b68-9f9f-71c52247a1b4 /opt                   ext4    defaults        0 0

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