推荐两个个简单好用java实现基于modbus—rtu协议通讯方法:
- Jamod:Java Modbus实现:Java Modbus库。该库由Dieter Wimberger实施。
- ModbusPal:ModbusPal是一个正在进行的Java项目,用于创建逼真的Modbus从站模拟器。由于预定义的数学函数和/或Python脚本,寄存器值是动态生成的。ModbusPal依赖于RxTx进行串行通信,而Jython则依赖于脚本支持。
- Modbus4J:Serotonin Software用Java编写的Modbus协议的高性能且易于使用的实现。支持ASCII,RTU,TCP和UDP传输作为从站或主站,自动请求分区,响应数据类型解析和节点扫描。
- JLibModbus:JLibModbus是java语言中Modbus协议的一种实现。jSSC和RXTX用于通过串行端口进行通信。该库是一个经过积极测试和改进的项目。
如果是采用标准modbus协议数据通讯则可采用如下方法:
jar包选择
com.intelligt.modbus
jlibmodbus
1.2.9.7
代码:
package com.yixinhong.modbus;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.exception.ModbusIOException;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.exception.ModbusNumberException;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.exception.ModbusProtocolException;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.master.ModbusMaster;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.master.ModbusMasterFactory;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.serial.*;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* @Author:lpj
* @Package:com.yixinhong.modbus
* @Project:BoxDataProcess
* @name:ModbusRTU
* @Date:2023/5/22 10:22
* @Filename:ModbusRTU
*
*
*/
@Slf4j
@Service
public class ModbusRTU {
/**
* 初始化
*/
public ModbusMaster init(String SerialPort) {
SerialParameters sp = new SerialParameters();
sp.setDevice(SerialPort);
sp.setBaudRate(com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.serial.SerialPort.BaudRate.BAUD_RATE_9600);
// SerialUtils.setSerialPortFactory(new SerialPortFactoryJSSC());
// SerialUtils.setSerialPortFactory(new SerialPortFactoryRXTX());
// SerialUtils.setSerialPortFactory(new SerialPortFactoryJavaComm());
SerialUtils.setSerialPortFactory(new SerialPortFactoryPJC());
ModbusMaster m = null;
try {
m = ModbusMasterFactory.createModbusMasterRTU(sp);
log.error("初始化成功啦");
} catch (SerialPortException e) {
log.error("初始化RTU失败"+e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
}
return m;
}
/**
*
* @param slaveId 从机地址
* @param quantity 读取寄存器数量
*/
public int[] read(String SerialPort,Integer slaveId,Integer quantity ){
ModbusMaster init = init(SerialPort);
// int slaveId = 1;
int offset = 0;
// int quantity = 2;
int[] registerValues = new int[quantity];
try {
init.connect();
log.error("RTU连接成功啦");
registerValues = init.readHoldingRegisters(slaveId, offset, quantity);
} catch (ModbusIOException e) {
log.error("RTU连接异常~"+e.getMessage()+e.getLocalizedMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ModbusNumberException e) {
log.error("数据读取失败~"+e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ModbusProtocolException e) {
log.error("数据读取失败~" + e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (Exception exception)
{
log.error("数据读取失败~" + exception.getMessage());
} finally {
try {
init.disconnect();
} catch (ModbusIOException e) {
log.error("RTU断开异常~"+e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return registerValues;
}
}
首先引入jar包
com.github.purejavacomm
purejavacomm
1.0.1.RELEASE
其他的jar包或多或少还有点坑,我这暂不推荐,有兴趣的同学可以自行尝试,使用方法大致相同
废话不多说,上代码:直接引入工具类
package com.yixinhong.util;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import purejavacomm.CommPortIdentifier;
import purejavacomm.SerialPort;
import purejavacomm.SerialPortEvent;
import purejavacomm.SerialPortEventListener;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
/**
* @Author:lpj
* @name:CommUtil
* @Date:2023/5/29 15:09
* @describe:
*/
@Slf4j
public class CommUtil implements SerialPortEventListener {
private String PORT_NAME ;
private static final int BIT_RATE = 9600;
public static final int DATA_BITS = SerialPort.DATABITS_8;
public static final int STOP_BIT = SerialPort.STOPBITS_1;
public static final int PARITY_BIT = SerialPort.PARITY_NONE;
public static SerialPort serialPort;
private static InputStream in;
private static OutputStream out;
private static CommUtil commUtil;
// 保存串口返回信息
public String data;
// 保存串口返回信息十六进制
public String dataHex;
private CommUtil(String PORT_NAME) {
this.PORT_NAME = PORT_NAME;
}
public static synchronized CommUtil getInstance(String PORT_NAME) {
if (commUtil == null) {
commUtil = new CommUtil(PORT_NAME);
commUtil.init();
}else if(!commUtil.PORT_NAME.equals(PORT_NAME))
{
commUtil = new CommUtil(PORT_NAME);
commUtil.init();
}
// commUtil = new CommUtil(PORT_NAME);
// commUtil.init();
return commUtil;
}
public void init( ) {
try {
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(PORT_NAME)){
log.error("init PORT_NAME is null");
}else {
log.info("init PORT_NAME is :{}",PORT_NAME);
}
CommPortIdentifier portIdentifier = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifier(PORT_NAME);
if (portIdentifier.isCurrentlyOwned()) {
log.error("Port is currently in use");
} else if (portIdentifier.getPortType() == 1) {
serialPort = (SerialPort) portIdentifier.open(PORT_NAME, 1000);
serialPort.setSerialPortParams(BIT_RATE, DATA_BITS, STOP_BIT, PARITY_BIT);
in = serialPort.getInputStream();
out = serialPort.getOutputStream();
serialPort.addEventListener(this);
serialPort.notifyOnDataAvailable(true);
} else {
log.error("Error: Only serial ports are handled by this example.");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("init failed",e);
}
}
@Override
public void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent serialPortEvent) {
switch (serialPortEvent.getEventType()) {
case SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE:
receive();
break;
}
}
public void send(String message) {
try {
log.info("sendmsg:{}",message);
byte[] bytes = hexStrToByteArray(message);
out.write(bytes);
// Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("send failed",e);
}
}
public void receive() {
try {
in = serialPort.getInputStream();
// 通过输入流对象的available方法获取数组字节长度
byte[] readBuffer = new byte[in.available()];
// 从线路上读取数据流
int len = 0;
// int read = in.read(readBuffer);
while ((len = in.read(readBuffer)) != -1) {
// 直接获取到的数据
data = new String(readBuffer, 0, len).trim();
// 转为十六进制数据
dataHex = bytesToHexString(readBuffer);
// System.out.println("data:" + data);
// System.out.println("dataHex:" + dataHex);// 读取后置空流对象
in.close();
in = null;
break;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(("读取串口数据时发生IO异常"));
}
}
public void close() {
try {
in.close();
out.close();
serialPort.notifyOnDataAvailable(false);
serialPort.removeEventListener();
serialPort.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("close",e);
}
}
//16进制转byte数组
public static byte[] hexStrToByteArray(String str) {
if (str == null) {
return null;
}
if (str.length() == 0) {
return new byte[0];
}
byte[] byteArray = new byte[str.length() / 2];
for (int i = 0; i < byteArray.length; i++) {
String subStr = str.substring(2 * i, 2 * i + 2);
byteArray[i] = ((byte) Integer.parseInt(subStr, 16));
}
return byteArray;
}
public static String ByteArrayToString(byte[] by) {
String str = "";
for (int i = 0; i < by.length; i++) {
String hex = Integer.toHexString(by[i] & 0xFF);
if (hex.length() == 1) {
hex = "0" + hex;
}
str += hex.toUpperCase();
}
return str;
}
/**
* 数组转换成十六进制字符串
* @param
* @return HexString
*/
public static final String bytesToHexString(byte[] bArray) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(bArray.length);
String sTemp;
for (int i = 0; i < bArray.length; i++) {
sTemp = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & bArray[i]);
if (sTemp.length() < 2)
sb.append(0);
sb.append(sTemp.toUpperCase());
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 获取源数据和验证码的组合byte数组
* @param aa 字节数组
* @return
*/
public static byte[] getData(byte[] aa) {
// byte[] bb = getCrc16(aa);
byte[] cc = new byte[aa.length];
System.arraycopy(aa,0,cc,0,aa.length);
return cc;
}
public static byte[] getData(String...strings) {
byte[] data = new byte[]{};
for (int i = 0; i0 && aa<=15) {
buffer.append("0"+Integer.toString(aa, 16)+" ");
}else if (aa>15) {
buffer.append(Integer.toString(aa, 16)+" ");
}
return buffer.toString();
}
}
解释:
在send方法中,发送数据后要等待1s的原因是,需要监听串口的应答数据,不等待应答数据就读取不到,如果是只考虑发送,不考虑应答的话可以不用等待。
调用代码示例:
String dataHex = null;
try{
CommUtil util = CommUtil.getInstance(commPortId);
util.send("FF0101050F010118");
Thread.sleep(1000);
util.send("FF0101050F020119");
dataHex = util.dataHex;
CommUtil.serialPort.close();
}catch (Exception e)
{
log.error("指令发送失败~"+e.getMessage());
}
return dataHex;