centos7最小版本安装nginx+tomcat+java+mysql运行环境
最近项目从windows搬到linux，由于项目组成员有限并且有其它紧急的任务需要处理，因而这个任务就落到我的头上了。下面记录下centos最小版本安装nginx+tomcat+mysql+java的运行环境。
- centos7 minimal安装
参考：http://www.tecmint.com/centos-7-installation/
-
安装java
方法一
ftp上传jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz到/usr/java目录下 解压即可
tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
方法二
下载Java，可到oracle官网获取相应的连接
wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1456375809_50db5985ac01ede6091b467add0b89b2# 改名：
mv jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1456375809_50db5985ac01ede6091b467add0b89b2 jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
# 解压：
tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
# 更换目录：
mv ./jdk1.7.0_79 /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79
添加到环境变量
root@localhost java]# vi /etc/profile
# 在export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL下添加
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar 在docker镜像中部署需要将/etc/profile环境变量转移到/root/.bashrc
执行
source /etc/profile使环境变量生效
查看是否安装成功
[root@localhost jdk1.7.0_79]# java -version
java version "1.7.0_79"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_79-b15)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)-
安装tomcat
# 创建用户
groupadd tomcat
useradd -s /bin/bash -g tomcat tomcat
# 下载：
wget http://apache.opencas.org/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.68/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz
# 解压：
tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz
# 复制：
cp -R ./apache-tomcat-7.0.68 /usr/local
cd /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.68
# 修改权限：
chown -R tomcat:tomcat apache-tomcat-7.0.68
# 启动：
sh ./bin/startup.sh
将8080端口添加到防火墙例外并重启
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload访问：http://IP:8080/，熟悉的感觉
-
源码安装Mysql
# 创建用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /dev/null mysql
# 查看mysql用户
id mysql
# 下载：
wget http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
mkdir /data
cd /data
mkdir mysql
cd mysql
mkdir -p mysql3306/{logs,tmp,data}
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf
vi /data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf
# 修改
# 指定data目录
datadir=/data/mysql/mysql3306/data/
# 指定监听端口
port=3306
# 表名忽略大小写
lower_case_table_names=1
初始化mysql，（注意获取初始化密码），命令安装也可参考：centos7 安装mysql5.7.11注意事项
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --initialize
2016-02-26T10:28:43.821897Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-02-26T10:28:43.822126Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2016-02-26T10:28:43.822138Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not set.
2016-02-26T10:28:44.311120Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2016-02-26T10:28:44.411026Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-02-26T10:28:44.492963Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: b671cd20-dc73-11e5-abe1-000c29c3b190.
2016-02-26T10:28:44.495657Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2016-02-26T10:28:44.511137Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: fUVd&7p,qbf0
# 此处需要注意root用户生成的随机密码，后面要用到。
启动mysql
bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --user=root
设置root用户密码
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p password
Enter password:
New password:
Confirm new password:
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.编辑/etc/profile，将mysql添加到环境变量（可参考java添加环境变量的方法）
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
-
yum安装Mysql
首先吧，你可以到http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/ 这个网址去下载rpm包更新一下，但我是选择了用wget去
操作，如果没有安装wget的话，就先请安装
yum -y install wget
然后
/**下载mysql源安装包 */
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
/** 安装mysql源*/
yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
/**以上两步都是必须的，以下就是检测源是否安装成功*/
yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*" //成功后结果如下图
备注：可以通过 vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo 修改这个配置用来yum 的时候安装mysql的版本
接着
yum install mysql-community-server -y //安装mysql服务,此处看网速有快有慢
systemctl start mysqld //安装后，启动mysql服务
systemctl status mysqld //查看mysqld服务，此处要是查看到activity状态是running那就表明已经
//安装成功了
systemctl enable mysqld //设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload //重载服务
//mysql5.7安装时会产生一个默认的密码，查看此密码的文件一般存在于/var/log/mysqld.log上
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log //查看密码
mysql -uroot -p //输入密码后就会显示黑白的欢迎界面了，到这里，mysql已经安装成功了。
//5.7版本的mysql采用了密码机制，默认为medium，要求密码有大写字母及特殊字符，下边我将说说如何改掉这个。
//首先我得改掉这个临时密码，进入mysql后输入
set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('Mypass123456!');
show variables like '%password%' //查看mysql关于密码相关的配置
0 是 LOW,1是MEDIUM,2是STRONG
一般我在命令行通过
set global validate_password_policy=0; //设置密码策略等级
set global validate_password_length=6； //设置密码最小长度
当然你也可以通过/etc/my.cnf配置文件找到相关项进行设置
退出，重启一下mysqld服务
systemctl restart mysqld 大功告成了
-
安装nginx
安装依赖库
yum -y install gcc-c++
yum -y install pcre pcre-devel
yum -y install zlib zlib-devel
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel libssl-dev
下载并解压
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz编译安装
./configure --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid --with-http_ssl_module
make
make install如果没报错的话，查看是否安装成功
whereis nginx添加到防火墙例外
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload启动nginx
/usr/local/nginx/nginx
访问：http://IP/，熟悉的味道
- Nginx和tomcat整合
tomcat配置
###### Tomcat配置
# 创建tomcat项目默认目录
mkdir /home/www/web/jsp/
# 配置tomcat默认项目
# ./conf/server.xml中的Host节点中添加
http://IP:8080/
创建test.html，内容为“tomcat test html”
http://192.168.222.128:8080/test.html
nginx配置
创建nginx静态文件存放目录
mkdir /home/www/web/ROOT
代理设置
[root@localhost nginx]# vi proxy.conf
#!nginx
# proxy.conf
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; #获取真实ip
#proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #获取代理者的真实ip
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 90;
proxy_read_timeout 90;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
配置nginx.conf
#运行nginx所在的用户名和用户组
#user www www;
#启动进程数
worker_processes 8;
#全局错误日志及PID文件
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
#pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
#工作模式及连接数上限
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
#设定http服务器，利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持
http
{
#设定mime类型
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
include /usr/local/nginx/proxy.conf;
#charset gb2312;
#设定请求缓冲
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
#client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
# fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
# fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
# fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
# fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
# fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
# gzip on;
# gzip_min_length 1k;
# gzip_buffers 4 16k;
# gzip_http_version 1.0;
# gzip_comp_level 2;
# gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
# gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
###禁止通过ip访问站点
#server{
# server_name _;
# return 404;
#}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.jsp;#设定访问的默认首页地址
root /home/www/web/ROOT;#设定网站的资源存放路径
#limit_conn crawler 20;
location / {
index index.html index.jsp;
}
location ~ .*.jsp$ #所有jsp的页面均交由tomcat处理
{
index index.jsp;
proxy_pass http://192.168.222.128:8080;#转向tomcat处理
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ #设定访问静态文件直接读取不经过tomcat
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
#定义访问日志的写入格式
#log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
#'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
#'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
#access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/localhost.log access;#设定访问日志的存放路径
}
}
检测配置文件
/usr/local/nginx/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful平滑重启nginx
/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s reload/home/www/web/ROOT目录下创建test.html内容为“nginx static html”
访问：http://IP/test.html
此时访问的是nginx静态资源所在的目录
http://IP/index.jsp
此时html等静态文件访问的是nginx指定的静态文件目录，而jsp文件则分发到tomcat进行处理。
- 服务自启动
mysql自启动
1./usr/lib/systemd/system目录下新建mysql.service
[Unit]
Description=mysql
After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
[Service]
Type=forking
#LimitNOFILE=max_open_files
PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly=true
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/mysql/
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --user=mysql
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=false
#Nice=nice_level
#LimitCore=core_file_limit
#Environment="LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/mysql/lib"
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
允许mysql开机启动
systemctl enable mysql
检查配置是否成功
systemctl is-enabled mysqlmysql开启慢查询
/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf中添加
# 慢日志
slow_query_log=1
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/logs/localhost-slow.log
slow_launch_time=1nginx和tomcat自启动（和mysql类似，不再阐述）