MS-SQL 常用命令

1. 将DB立即置于OFFLINE状态

ALTER DATABASE bba_pld03_20150304 SET OFFLINE with ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE;

2.如果碰到错误如“ ALTER DATABASE failed because a lock could not be placed on database",则可以先运行SP_WHO，找出当前哪些SPID在需要OFFLINE的DB上。

KILL

3.查看MS-SQL启动时间（2008 专用）

select sqlserver_start_time,* from sys.dm_os_sys_info 

4.查看MS-SQL的引擎版本号

SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('productversion'), SERVERPROPERTY ('productlevel'),SERVERPROPERTY ('edition')

select @@version

5.查看ERRORLOG的位置

USE master

GO

xp_readerrorlog 0, 1, N'Logging SQL Server messages in file', NULL, NULL, N'asc'

GO

6.查找SQL备份的文件位置

use MSDB
go

SELECT
bs.[database_name]
,bs.[backup_start_date]
,bs.[type]
,bs.[server_name]
,bmf.physical_device_name

FROM [msdb].[dbo].[backupset] bs inner join [msdb].[dbo].[backupmediafamily] bmf
on bs.media_set_id = bmf.media_set_id
where
bs.[database_name] = 'ConsolidatedReport'
and type = 'D'
order by backup_start_date desc

7.找出LOGIN的权限（配合使用MS-SQL提供的工具sp_help_revlogin   https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/918992 )

/* Generate statements to create server permissions for SQL logins, Windows Logins, and Groups */

SET NOCOUNT ON

SELECT  'USE' + SPACE(1) + QUOTENAME('MASTER') AS '--Database Context'

-- Role Members

SELECT  'EXEC sp_addsrvrolemember @rolename =' + SPACE(1)

        + QUOTENAME(usr1.name, '''') + ', @loginame =' + SPACE(1)

        + QUOTENAME(usr2.name, '''') AS '--Role Memberships'

FROM    sys.server_principals AS usr1

        INNER JOIN sys.server_role_members AS rm ON usr1.principal_id = rm.role_principal_id

        INNER JOIN sys.server_principals AS usr2 ON rm.member_principal_id = usr2.principal_id

ORDER BY rm.role_principal_id ASC

-- Permissions

SELECT  server_permissions.state_desc COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS

        + ' ' + server_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS

        + ' TO [' + server_principals.name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS

        + ']' AS '--Server Level Permissions'

FROM    sys.server_permissions AS server_permissions WITH ( NOLOCK )

        INNER JOIN sys.server_principals AS server_principals WITH ( NOLOCK ) ON server_permissions.grantee_principal_id = server_principals.principal_id

WHERE   server_principals.type IN ( 'S', 'U', 'G' )

ORDER BY server_principals.name,

        server_permissions.state_desc,

        server_permissions.permission_name  

8. 找出当前Instance下suspend状态的spid的相信信息

SELECT  wt.session_id,

    ot.task_state,

    wt.wait_type,

    wt.wait_duration_ms,

    wt.blocking_session_id,

    wt.resource_description,

    es.[host_name],

    es.[program_name]

FROM  sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks  wt  

INNER  JOIN sys.dm_os_tasks ot ON ot.task_address = wt.waiting_task_address

INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions es ON es.session_id = wt.session_id

WHERE es.is_user_process =  1 

9.找出当前逻辑读最高的查询

SELECT

TOP (25)

P.name AS [SP Name],

Deps.total_logical_reads AS [TotalLogicalReads],

deps.total_logical_reads / deps.execution_count AS [AvgLogicalReads],

deps.execution_count,

ISNULL (deps.execution_count / DATEDIFF (Second, deps.cached_time, GETDATE

()), 0) AS [Calls/Second],

deps.total_elapsed_time,

deps.total_elapsed_time / deps.execution_count AS [avg_elapsed_time],

deps.cached_time

FROM

sys.procedures AS p

INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_procedure_stats AS deps ON p. [Object_id] = deps.

[Object_id]

WHERE deps. Database_id = DB_ID ()

ORDER BY deps.total_logical_reads DESC;

10.查询当前数据缓存中每个数据库的缓存大小

SELECT

COUNT(*) * 8 / 1024 AS 'Cached Size (MB)' ,

CASE database_id

WHEN 32767 THEN 'ResourceDb'

ELSE DB_NAME(database_id)

END AS 'Database'

FROM

sys.dm_os_buffer_descriptors

GROUP BY DB_NAME(database_id) , database_id

ORDER BY 'Cached Size (MB)' DESC

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