前言
本篇文章只涉及本人在工作上使用HttpClient遇到的情况,并不会详细地展开讲如何使用HttpClient.
1. 为什么使用HttpClient?
一开始其实是考虑使用RestTemplate的,但遇到的难题自然是SSL认证以及NTLM的认证.以目前的RestTemplate还做不到NTLM认证.而且使用SSL认证的过程也是挺复杂的.复杂的是:居然还是要借助HttpClient.
@Bean
public RestTemplate buildRestTemplate(List interceptors) throws KeyStoreException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {
HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new
HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory();
factory.setConnectionRequestTimeout(requestTimeout);
factory.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout);
factory.setReadTimeout(readTimeout);
// https
SSLContextBuilder builder = new SSLContextBuilder();
builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, (X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) -> true);
SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(builder.build(), new String[]{"SSLv2Hello", "SSLv3", "TLSv1", "TLSv1.2"}, null, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
Registry registry = RegistryBuilder.create()
.register("http", new PlainConnectionSocketFactory())
.register("https", socketFactory).build();
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager phccm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registry);
phccm.setMaxTotal(200);
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(socketFactory).setConnectionManager(phccm).setConnectionManagerShared(true).build();
factory.setHttpClient(httpClient);
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(factory);
List clientInterceptorList = new ArrayList<>();
for (CustomHttpRequestInterceptor i : interceptors) {
ClientHttpRequestInterceptor interceptor = i;
clientInterceptorList.add(interceptor);
}
restTemplate.setInterceptors(clientInterceptorList);
return restTemplate;
}
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2. 为什么要绕过SSL认证?
至于为什么要绕过SSL认证,因为装证书的这些操作我并不会.同时也想试试能不能忽略这个证书认证调用接口.
- 首先如果想绕过证书,都必先创建X509TrustManager这个对象并且重写它的方法.
X509TrustManager该接口是一个用于Https的证书信任管理器,我们可以在这里添加我们的证书,让该管理器知道我们有那些证书是可以信任的.
该接口会有三个方法:
void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str)
void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str)
X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers()
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-
第一个方法checkClientTrusted.该方法检查客户端的证书,若不信任该证书则抛出异常。由于我们不需要对客户端进行认证,因此我们只需要执行默认的信任管理器的这个方法。JSSE中,默认的信任管理器类为TrustManager。
-
第二个方法checkServerTrusted.该方法检查服务器的证书,若不信任该证书同样抛出异常。通过自己实现该方法,可以使之信任我们指定的任何证书。在实现该方法时,也可以简单的不做任何处理,即一个空的函数体,由于不会抛出异常,它就会信任任何证书。
-
第三个方法getAcceptedIssusers,返回受信任的X509证书数组。
而我们只需要重写这三个方法,并且不需要修改里面的内容.然后再交给HttpClient就可以实现绕过SSL认证了.
X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
}
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.SSL);
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{trustManager}, null);
//生成工厂
SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(ctx, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
//并注册到HttpClient中
Registry socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.create()
.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
.register("https", socketFactory).build();
HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connectionManager);
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = httpClientBuilder.build();
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回顾一下步骤:
- 创建X509TrustManager对象并重写方法.
- 创建SSLContext实例,并交到工厂管理.
- 注册到HttpClient中.通过ConnectionManager最后生成httpClient.
3. 什么是NTLM?
NTLM是NT LAN Manager的缩写,这也说明了协议的来源。NTLM 是 Windows NT 早期版本的标准安全协议,Windows 2000 支持 NTLM 是为了保持向后兼容。Windows 2000内置三种基本安全协议之一。
NTLM的原理
NTLM的工作原理描述
其实我对这个了解得不是很深,因为遇上这种情况的感觉不会很多,所以网上的资源也不太多. 这里只是针对HttpClient遇上NTLM认证的情况详细描述一下.有兴趣的朋友可以通过以上的链接了解下.
4. 如何使用HttpClient进行NTLM认证?
这个查阅了官网的文档.官网也给出了解决方案.
hc.apache.org/httpcompone…
需要把这几个类编写一下.
JCIFSEngine:
public final class JCIFSEngine implements NTLMEngine {
private static final int TYPE_1_FLAGS =
NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_NEGOTIATE_56 |
NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_NEGOTIATE_128 |
NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_NEGOTIATE_NTLM2 |
NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_NEGOTIATE_ALWAYS_SIGN |
NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_REQUEST_TARGET;
@Override
public String generateType1Msg(final String domain, final String workstation) throws NTLMEngineException {
final Type1Message type1Message = new Type1Message(TYPE_1_FLAGS, domain, workstation);
return Base64.encode(type1Message.toByteArray());
}
@Override
public String generateType3Msg(final String username, final String password,
final String domain, final String workstation, final String challenge)
throws NTLMEngineException {
Type2Message type2Message;
try {
type2Message = new Type2Message(Base64.decode(challenge));
} catch (final IOException exception) {
throw new NTLMEngineException("Invalid NTLM type 2 message", exception);
}
final int type2Flags = type2Message.getFlags();
final int type3Flags = type2Flags
& (0xffffffff ^ (NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_TARGET_TYPE_DOMAIN | NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_TARGET_TYPE_SERVER));
final Type3Message type3Message = new Type3Message(type2Message, password, domain,
username, workstation, type3Flags);
return Base64.encode(type3Message.toByteArray());
}
}
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JCIFSNTLMSchemeFactory:
public class JCIFSNTLMSchemeFactory implements AuthSchemeProvider {
public AuthScheme create(final HttpContext context){
return new NTLMScheme(new JCIFSEngine());
}
}
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最后就在HttpClient注册:
Registry authSchemeRegistry = RegistryBuilder.create()
.register(AuthSchemes.NTLM, new JCIFSNTLMSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.BASIC, new BasicSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.DIGEST, new DigestSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.SPNEGO, new SPNegoSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.KERBEROS, new KerberosSchemeFactory())
.build();
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
.setDefaultAuthSchemeRegistry(authSchemeRegistry)
.build();
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最后就同时使用绕过SSL验证以及NTLM验证:
private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager;
private static RequestConfig requestConfig;
private static Registry authSchemeRegistry;
private static Registry socketFactoryRegistry;
private static CredentialsProvider credsProvider;
public void init() {
try {
X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
}
};
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.SSL);
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{trustManager}, null);
SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(ctx, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
NTCredentials creds = new NTCredentials("用户名", "密码", "工作站(workstation)", "域名");
credsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
credsProvider.setCredentials(AuthScope.ANY, creds);
socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.create()
.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
.register("https", socketFactory).build();
connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
connectionManager.setMaxTotal(18);
connectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(6);
requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setSocketTimeout(30000)
.setConnectTimeout(30000)
.build();
authSchemeRegistry = RegistryBuilder.create()
.register(AuthSchemes.NTLM, new JCIFSNTLMSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.BASIC, new BasicSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.DIGEST, new DigestSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.SPNEGO, new SPNegoSchemeFactory())
.register(AuthSchemes.KERBEROS, new KerberosSchemeFactory())
.build();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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参考资料
www.jianshu.com/p/8d4e7dcb2…
blog.csdn.net/cj649934578…