大厂必备pytest插件：最全最细的pytest常用插件(pytest html, pytest xdist, pytest-rerunfailures等)
目录
【1、失败重跑 pytest-rerunfailures】
【2、多重校验 pytest-assume】
【3、设定执行顺序 pytest-ordering】
【4、用例依赖（pytest-dependency）】
【5.分布式测试(pytest-xdist)】
【6.生成报告（pytest-html）】
【1、失败重跑 pytest-rerunfailures】
安装：pip install pytest-rerunfailures
使用：pytest test_class.py --reruns 5 --reruns-delay 1 -vs （失败后重新运行5次，每次间隔1秒）
@pytest.mark.flaky(reruns = 5 ,reruns-delay = 1 ) 指定某个用例
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
"""
@author:chenshifeng
@file:test_calc2.py
@time:2020/09/16
"""
import pytest
@pytest.mark.parametrize('a,b,result', [
(1, 1, 3),
(2, 2, 4),
(100, 100, 200),
(0.1, 0.1, 0.2),
(-1, -1, -2)
], ids=['int', 'int', 'bignum', 'float', 'fushu']) # 参数化
def test_add(a, b, result):
# cal = Calculator()
assert result == a + b
命令行执行：
pytest test_calc2.py --reruns 5 --reruns-delay 1 -vs
结果如下：
============================================================================= test session starts =============================================================================
platform darwin -- Python 3.6.4, pytest-6.0.2, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/bin/python3.6
cachedir: .pytest_cache
rootdir: /Users/chenshifeng/MyCode/PythonCode/SFDSZL/test_pytest, configfile: pytest.ini
plugins: rerunfailures-9.1, dependency-0.5.1, ordering-0.6, assume-2.3.2
collected 5 items
test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] RERUN
test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] RERUN
test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] RERUN
test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] RERUN
test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] RERUN
test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] FAILED
test_calc2.py::test_add[int1] PASSED
test_calc2.py::test_add[bignum] PASSED
test_calc2.py::test_add[float] PASSED
test_calc2.py::test_add[fushu] PASSED
================================================================================== FAILURES ===================================================================================
_______________________________________________________________________________ test_add[int0] ________________________________________________________________________________
a = 1, b = 1, result = 3
@pytest.mark.parametrize('a,b,result', [
(1, 1, 3),
(2, 2, 4),
(100, 100, 200),
(0.1, 0.1, 0.2),
(-1, -1, -2)
], ids=['int', 'int', 'bignum', 'float', 'fushu']) # 参数化
def test_add(a, b, result):
cal = Calculator()
> assert result == cal.add(a, b)
E assert 3 == 2
E +3
E -2
test_calc2.py:26: AssertionError
=========================================================================== short test summary info ===========================================================================
FAILED test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] - assert 3 == 2
==================================================================== 1 failed, 4 passed, 5 rerun in 5.11s =====================================================================
通过装饰器设置重跑次数与延时时间
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
"""
@author:chenshifeng
@file:test_calc2.py
@time:2020/09/16
"""
import pytest
@pytest.mark.parametrize('a,b,result', [
(1, 1, 3),
(2, 2, 4),
(100, 100, 200),
(0.1, 0.1, 0.2),
(-1, -1, -2)
], ids=['int', 'int', 'bignum', 'float', 'fushu']) # 参数化
# 通过装饰器设置重跑次数
@pytest.mark.flaky(reruns=6, reruns_delay=2)
def test_add(a, b, result):
# cal = Calculator()
assert result == a + b
结果：
Testing started at 10:10 下午 ... /usr/local/bin/python3.6 "/Applications/PyCharm CE.app/Contents/plugins/python-ce/helpers/pycharm/_jb_pytest_runner.py" --target test_calc2.py::test_add Launching pytest with arguments test_calc2.py::test_add in /Users/chenshifeng/MyCode/PythonCode/SFDSZL/test_pytest/testcode ============================= test session starts ============================== platform darwin -- Python 3.6.4, pytest-6.0.2, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- /usr/local/bin/python3.6 cachedir: .pytest_cache rootdir: /Users/chenshifeng/MyCode/PythonCode/SFDSZL/test_pytest, configfile: pytest.ini plugins: rerunfailures-9.1, dependency-0.5.1, ordering-0.6, assume-2.3.2 collecting ... collected 5 items test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] RERUN [ 20%] test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] RERUN [ 20%] test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] RERUN [ 20%] test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] RERUN [ 20%] test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] RERUN [ 20%] test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] RERUN [ 20%] test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] FAILED [ 20%] testcode/test_calc2.py:11 (test_add[int0]) 3 != 2 Expected :2 Actual :3a = 1, b = 1, result = 3 @pytest.mark.parametrize('a,b,result', [ (1, 1, 3), (2, 2, 4), (100, 100, 200), (0.1, 0.1, 0.2), (-1, -1, -2) ], ids=['int', 'int', 'bignum', 'float', 'fushu']) # 参数化 # 通过装饰器设置重跑次数 @pytest.mark.flaky(reruns=6, reruns_delay=2) def test_add(a, b, result): # cal = Calculator() > assert result == a + b E assert 3 == 2 test_calc2.py:23: AssertionError PASSED [ 40%]PASSED [ 60%]PASSED [ 80%]PASSED [100%] Assertion failed Assertion failed Assertion failed Assertion failed test_calc2.py::test_add[int1] test_calc2.py::test_add[bignum] test_calc2.py::test_add[float] test_calc2.py::test_add[fushu] =================================== FAILURES =================================== ________________________________ test_add[int0] ________________________________ a = 1, b = 1, result = 3 @pytest.mark.parametrize('a,b,result', [ (1, 1, 3), (2, 2, 4), (100, 100, 200), (0.1, 0.1, 0.2), (-1, -1, -2) ], ids=['int', 'int', 'bignum', 'float', 'fushu']) # 参数化 # 通过装饰器设置重跑次数 @pytest.mark.flaky(reruns=6, reruns_delay=2) def test_add(a, b, result): # cal = Calculator() > assert result == a + b E assert 3 == 2 test_calc2.py:23: AssertionError =========================== short test summary info ============================ FAILED test_calc2.py::test_add[int0] - assert 3 == 2 ==================== 1 failed, 4 passed, 6 rerun in 12.13s ===================== Process finished with exit code 1 Assertion failed Assertion failed Assertion failed Assertion failed
【2、多重校验 pytest-assume】
正常情况下一条用例如果有多条断言，一条断言失败了，其他断言就不会执行了，而使用pytest-assume可以继续执行下面的断言
安装 ： pip install pytest-assume
执行 ： pytest.assume(1==3)
for example：
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
"""
@author:chenshifeng
@file:test_calc2.py
@time:2020/09/16
"""
import pytest
def test_assume():
print('登录操作')
pytest.assume(1 == 2)
print('搜索操作')
pytest.assume(2 == 2)
print('加购操作')
pytest.assume(3 == 2)
运行结果：
Testing started at 10:23 下午 ... /usr/local/bin/python3.6 "/Applications/PyCharm CE.app/Contents/plugins/python-ce/helpers/pycharm/_jb_pytest_runner.py" --target test_calc2.py::test_assume Launching pytest with arguments test_calc2.py::test_assume in /Users/chenshifeng/MyCode/PythonCode/SFDSZL/test_pytest/testcode ============================= test session starts ============================== platform darwin -- Python 3.6.4, pytest-6.0.2, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- /usr/local/bin/python3.6 cachedir: .pytest_cache rootdir: /Users/chenshifeng/MyCode/PythonCode/SFDSZL/test_pytest, configfile: pytest.ini plugins: rerunfailures-9.1, dependency-0.5.1, ordering-0.6, assume-2.3.2 collecting ... collected 1 item test_calc2.py::test_assume FAILED [100%]登录操作 搜索操作 加购操作 testcode/test_calc2.py:11 (test_assume) tp =, value = None, tb = None def reraise(tp, value, tb=None): try: if value is None: value = tp() if value.__traceback__ is not tb: > raise value.with_traceback(tb) E pytest_assume.plugin.FailedAssumption: E 2 Failed Assumptions: E E test_calc2.py:14: AssumptionFailure E >> pytest.assume(1 == 2) E AssertionError: assert False E E test_calc2.py:18: AssumptionFailure E >> pytest.assume(3 == 2) E AssertionError: assert False /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/six.py:702: FailedAssumption Assertion failed Assertion failed =================================== FAILURES =================================== _________________________________ test_assume __________________________________ tp = , value = None, tb = None def reraise(tp, value, tb=None): try: if value is None: value = tp() if value.__traceback__ is not tb: > raise value.with_traceback(tb) E pytest_assume.plugin.FailedAssumption: E 2 Failed Assumptions: E E test_calc2.py:14: AssumptionFailure E >> pytest.assume(1 == 2) E AssertionError: assert False E E test_calc2.py:18: AssumptionFailure E >> pytest.assume(3 == 2) E AssertionError: assert False /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/six.py:702: FailedAssumption ----------------------------- Captured stdout call ----------------------------- 登录操作 搜索操作 加购操作 =========================== short test summary info ============================ FAILED test_calc2.py::test_assume - pytest_assume.plugin.FailedAssumption: ============================== 1 failed in 0.09s =============================== Process finished with exit code 1 Assertion failed Assertion failed Assertion failed Assertion failed
【3、设定执行顺序 pytest-ordering】
正常情况下，用例默认执行顺序是自上而下的，对于一些有上下文依赖关系的用例，可是通过 pytest-ordering 来设置执行顺序，当然，通过setup、teardown和fixture来解决也是可以的
安装插件 ： pip install pytest-ordering
使用方法 ： @pytest.mark.run(order=2)
需要注意的是，当有多个装饰器的时候，可能会发生冲突（比如参数化）
For example, this:
import pytest
@pytest.mark.run(order=2)
def test_foo():
assert True
@pytest.mark.run(order=1)
def test_bar():
assert True
Yields this output:
============================= test session starts ============================== platform darwin -- Python 3.6.4, pytest-6.0.2, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- /usr/local/bin/python3.6 cachedir: .pytest_cache rootdir: /Users/chenshifeng/MyCode/PythonCode/SFDSZL/test_pytest, configfile: pytest.ini plugins: rerunfailures-9.1, dependency-0.5.1, ordering-0.6, assume-2.3.2 collecting ... collected 2 items test_ordering.py::test_bar test_ordering.py::test_foo ============================== 2 passed in 0.02s ===============================
【4、用例依赖（pytest-dependency）】
使用该插件可以标记一个testcase作为其他testcase的依赖，当依赖项执行失败时，那些依赖它的test将会被跳过。
安装 ： pip install pytest-dependency
使用方法： 用 @pytest.mark.dependency()对所依赖的方法进行标记，使用@pytest.mark.dependency(depends=["test_name"])引用依赖,test_name可以是多个。
上用例：
import pytest
@pytest.mark.dependency()
def test_01():
assert False
@pytest.mark.dependency(depends=["test_01"])
def test_02():
print("执行测试2")
output：
=========================== short test summary info ============================ FAILED test_ordering.py::test_01 - assert False ========================= 1 failed, 1 skipped in 0.06s ========================= Process finished with exit code 1
【 5.分布式测试(pytest-xdist)】
- 平常我们功能测试用例非常多时，比如有1千条用例，假设每个用例执行需要1分钟，如果单个测试人员执行需要1000分钟才能跑完
- 当项目非常紧急时，会需要协调多个测试资源来把任务分成两部分，于是执行时间缩短一半，如果有10个小伙伴，那么执行时间就会变成十分之一，大大节省了测试时间
- 为了节省项目测试时间，10个测试同时并行测试，这就是一种分布式场景
分布式执行用例的原则：
-
-
-
- 用例之间是独立的，没有依赖关系，完全可以独立运行
- 用例执行没有顺序要求，随机顺序都能正常执行
- 每个用例都能重复运行，运行结果不会影响其他用例
-
-
插件安装：
pip3 install pytest-xdist -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple/ --trusted-host pypi.douban.com
使用方法：
pytest -n 2 (2代表2个CPU)
pytest -n auto
-
- n auto：可以自动检测到系统的CPU核数；从测试结果来看，检测到的是逻辑处理器的数量，即假12核
- 使用auto等于利用了所有CPU来跑用例，此时CPU占用率会特别高
【6.生成报告（pytest-html）】
pytest-html是一个插件，pytest用于生成测试结果的HTML报告。兼容Python 2.7,3.6
安装插件： pip install pytest-html
使用方法： pytest --html=report.html
