华为企业组网实例：VRRP+MSTP典型组网配置
VRRP+MSTP典型组网配置
VRRP是一种容错协议，它保证当主机的下一跳路由器出现故障时，由另一台路由器来代替出现故障的路由器进行工作，从而保持网络通信的连续性和可靠性。
MSTP：多生成树协议，通过生成多个生成树，来解决以太网环路问题。
实验拓扑
一、VLAN配置
SW3配置
sy sw3
un in en
vlan batch 10 20 30 40
interface g0/0/2
port link-type access
port default vlan 10
q
interface g0/0/3
port link-type access
port default vlan 20
SW4配置
sy sw4
un in en
vlan batch 10 20 30 40
interface g0/0/2
port link-type access
port default vlan 30
q
interface g0/0/3
port link-type access
port default vlan 40
q
二、Trunk配置
SW3配置
interface g0/0/1
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
interface g0/0/4
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
SW4配置
interface g0/0/1
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 30 40
q
interface g0/0/4
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 30 40
q
SW1配置
sy sw1
un in en
vlan batch 10 20 30 40
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 30 40
SW2配置
sy sw2
un in en
vlan batch 10 20 30 40
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 30 40
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
三、链路聚合
SW1和SW2之间我们用两根网线，做成链路聚合。
SW1配置
[hxsw1]int Eth-Trunk 1
[hxsw1-Eth-Trunk1]mode lacp-static
[hxsw1-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport g0/0/2
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[hxsw1-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport g0/0/5
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
SW2配置
[hxsw2]int Eth-Trunk 1
[hxsw2-Eth-Trunk1]mode lacp-static
[hxsw2-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport g0/0/2
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[hxsw2-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport g0/0/5
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[hxsw2-Eth-Trunk1]
验证查看：
[hxsw1]dis eth-trunk
Eth-Trunk1's state information is:
Local:
LAG ID: 1 WorkingMode: STATIC
Preempt Delay: Disabled Hash arithmetic: According to SIP-XOR-DIP
System Priority: 32768 System ID: 4c1f-cc6a-6dff
Least Active-linknumber: 1 Max Active-linknumber: 8
Operate status: up Number Of Up Port In Trunk: 2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ActorPortName Status PortType PortPri PortNo PortKey PortState Weight
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 Selected 1GE 32768 3 305 10111100 1
GigabitEthernet0/0/5 Selected 1GE 32768 6 305 10111100 1
Partner:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ActorPortName SysPri SystemID PortPri PortNo PortKey PortState
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 32768 4c1f-ccb4-3bac 32768 3 305 10111100
GigabitEthernet0/0/5 32768 4c1f-ccb4-3bac 32768 6 305 10111100
[hxsw1]
配置trunk，允许所有vlan通过
sw1
[sw1]int Eth-Trunk 1
[sw1-Eth-Trunk1]port link-type trunk
[sw1-Eth-Trunk1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40
sw2
[sw2]int Eth-Trunk 1
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]port link-type trunk
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40
四、MSTP配置
公共配置
以下步骤必须在所有的有冗余的交换机上做，我们没有汇聚就算了，但是我们接入交换机有冗余所以要做。
stp region-configuration
region-name pokes01 #域名pokes01
revision-level 1 #修订好统一为1
instance 1 vlan 10 20 #将vlan10/20映射到实例1里面
instance 2 vlan 30 40
active region-configuration #激活才能生效
q
纯净版便于复制
stp region-configuration
region-name pokes01
revision-level 1
instance 1 vlan 10 20
instance 2 vlan 30 40
active region-configuration
q
SW1配置
stp instance 1 root primary #将SW1作为实例1的根桥
stp instance 2 root secondary #将SW1作为实例2的备份根桥
SW2配置
stp instance 1 root secondary
stp instance 2 root primary
分别在SW3、SW4上面验证
SW3配置
在下面的查看中，我们看不到实例2，那是因为我们在SW3的trunk没有允许VLAN30/40通过
[sw3]dis stp brief
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI DISCARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/4 DESI FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI DISCARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/4 ALTE DISCARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/4 DESI FORWARDING NONE
SW4配置
在下面的查看中，我们看不到实例1，那是因为我们在SW3的trunk没有允许VLAN10/20通过
[sw4]dis stp brief
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ALTE DISCARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/4 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 DESI FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/4 DESI FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/4 ALTE DISCARDING NONE
五、VRRP配置
sw1配置
interface Vlanif10
ip address 192.168.10.253 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.10.1
vrrp vrid 10 priority 120
interface Vlanif20
ip address 192.168.20.253 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 20 virtual-ip 192.168.20.1
vrrp vrid 20 priority 120
interface Vlanif30
ip address 192.168.30.253 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 30 virtual-ip 192.168.30.1
interface Vlanif40
ip address 192.168.40.253 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 40 virtual-ip 192.168.40.1
sw2配置
interface Vlanif10
ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.10.1
interface Vlanif20
ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 20 virtual-ip 192.168.20.1
interface Vlanif30
ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 30 virtual-ip 192.168.30.1
vrrp vrid 30 priority 120
interface Vlanif40
ip address 192.168.40.254 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 40 virtual-ip 192.168.40.1
vrrp vrid 40 priority 120
检测验证
<sw1>dis vrrp brief
VRID State Interface Type Virtual IP
----------------------------------------------------------------
10 Master Vlanif10 Normal 192.168.10.1
20 Master Vlanif20 Normal 192.168.20.1
30 Backup Vlanif30 Normal 192.168.30.1
40 Backup Vlanif40 Normal 192.168.40.1
----------------------------------------------------------------
Total:4 Master:2 Backup:2 Non-active:0
[sw2]dis vrrp brief
VRID State Interface Type Virtual IP
----------------------------------------------------------------
10 Backup Vlanif10 Normal 192.168.10.1
20 Backup Vlanif20 Normal 192.168.20.1
30 Master Vlanif30 Normal 192.168.30.1
40 Master Vlanif40 Normal 192.168.40.1
----------------------------------------------------------------
Total:4 Master:2 Backup:2 Non-active:0
六、VRRP+MSTP的注意事项
- 拓扑图中所有的交换机都要创建vlan10/20/30/40
- sw1和sw2之间的聚合链路，两头都要配置。
八、路由器配置
SW1
[sw1]vlan 800
[sw1-vlan800]q
[sw1]int vlanif800
[sw1-Vlanif800]ip add 192.168.12.2 24
[sw1-Vlanif800]q
SW2
[sw2]vlan 801
[sw2-vlan801]q
[sw2]int Vlanif 801
[sw2-Vlanif801]ip add 192.168.23.2 24
[sw2-Vlanif801]q
R1
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]un in en
[R1]in g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.12.1 24
[R1]in g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.23.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R1]q
九、BGP跟踪的配置
作用：当设备假死的时候，我们使它能够自动切换。
[sw1]bfd #启用
[sw1-bfd]q
[sw1]bf
[sw1]bfd szpr01 bind peer-ip 192.168.12.1 source-ip 192.168.12.2 auto
[sw1-bfd-session-szpr01]com
[sw1-bfd-session-szpr01]commit
- szpr01是我起的名字
- peer-ip是对端地址
- source-ip是本地地址
[R1]bfd
[R1-bfd]q
[R1]bfd szpr01 bind peer-ip 192.168.12.2 source-ip 192.168.12.1 auto
[R1-bfd-session-szpr02]commit
注意：在这里szpr01的名字，要和SW1上一致。
查看
[sw1]dis bfd session all
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Remote PeerIpAddr State Type InterfaceName
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8192 0 192.168.12.1 Down S_AUTO_PEER -
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total UP/DOWN Session Number : 0/1