linux常用命令的英文单词缩写 2019-01-08

常用命令缩写：

命令	完整名称
ls	list(列出目录内容)
cd	Change Directory（改变目录）
su	switch user 切换用户
rpm	redhat package manager 红帽子打包管理器
pwd	print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径
ps	process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器)
ps -auxf	显示进程状态
df	disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。
-----------	-------
rpm	即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一
rmdir	Remove Directory（删除目录）
rm	Remove（删除目录或文件）
cat	concatenate连锁 cat file1 file2>>file3把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中
insmod	install module,载入模块
ln -s	link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式
mkdir	Make Directory(创建目录
touch	touch命令可更改文档或目录的日期时间，包括存取时间和更改时间,文件不存在则创建文件
man	Manual
pwd	Print working directory
su	Swith user
cd	Change directory
ls	List files
ps	Process Status
mkdir	Make directory
rmdir	Remove directory
mkfs	Make file system
fsck	File system check
cat	Concatenate
uname	Unix name
df	Disk free
du	Disk usage
lsmod	List modules
mv	Move file
rm	Remove file
cp	Copy file
ln	Link files
fg	Foreground
bg	Background
chown	Change owner
chgrp	Change group
chmod	Change mode
umount	Unmount
dd	本来应根据其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“C Complier”，所以命名为“dd”
tar	Tape archive
ldd	List dynamic dependencies
insmod	Install module
rmmod	Remove module
lsmod	List module
文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）	Resource configuration
Knnxxx / Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）	K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
.a（扩展名a）	Archive，static library
.so（扩展名so）	Shared object，dynamically linked library
.o（扩展名o）	Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
RPM	Red hat package manager
dpkg	Debian package manager
apt	Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）

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部分Linux名词缩写

缩写	简介
bin	BINaries #下面的是一些二进制程序文件
/dev	DEVices #下面的是一些硬件驱动
/etc	ETCetera #目录存放着各种系统配置文件, 类似于windows下的system
/lib	LIBrary
/proc	PROCesses
/sbin	Superuser BINaries
/tmp	TeMPorary
/usr	Unix Shared Resources
/var	VARiable ?
/boot	boot #下面的是开机启动文件
FIFO	First In, First Out
GRUB	GRand Unified Bootloader
IFS	Internal Field Seperators
LILO	LInux LOader
MySQL	My是最初作者女儿的名字，SQL : Structured Query Language
PHP	Personal Home Page Tools :PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
PS	Prompt String
Perl	"Pratical Extraction and Report Language": "Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"
Python	得名于电视剧Monty Python's Flying Circus
Tcl	Tool Command Language
Tk	ToolKit
VT	Video Terminal
YaST	Yet Another Setup Tool
apache	"a patchy" server
apt	Advanced Packaging Tool
ar	archiver
as	assembler
awk	"Aho Weiberger and Kernighan" 三个作者的姓的第一个字母
bash	Bourne Again SHell
bc	Basic (Better) Calculator
bg	BackGround
biff	作者Heidi Stettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。
cal	CALendar
cat	CATenate
cd	Change Directory
chgrp	CHange GRouP
chmod	CHange MODe
chown	CHange OWNer
chsh	CHange SHell
cmp	compare
cobra	Common Object Request Broker Architecture
comm	common
cp	CoPy
cpio	CoPy In and Out
cpp	C Pre Processor
cron	Chronos 希腊文时间
cups	Common Unix Printing System
cvs	Current Version System
daemon	Disk And Execution MONitor
dc	Desk Calculator
dd	Disk Dump
df	Disk Free
diff	DIFFerence
dmesg	diagnostic message
du	Disk Usage
ed	editor
egrep	Extended GREP
elf	Extensible Linking Format
elm	ELectronic Mail
emacs	Editor MACroS
eval	EVALuate
ex	EXtended
exec	EXECute
fd	file descriptors
fg	ForeGround
fgrep	Fixed GREP
fmt	format
fsck	File System ChecK
fstab	FileSystem TABle
fvwm	F*** Virtual Window Manager
gawk	GNU AWK
gpg	GNU Privacy Guard
groff	GNU troff
hal	Hardware Abstraction Layer
joe	Joe's Own Editor
ksh	Korn SHell
lame	Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder
lex	LEXical analyser
lisp	LISt Processing : Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses
ln	LiNk
lpr	Line PRint
ls	list
lsof	LiSt Open Files
m4	Macro processor Version 4
man	MANual pages
mawk	Mike Brennan's AWK
mc	Midnight Commander
mkfs	MaKe FileSystem
mknod	MaKe NODe
motd	Message of The Day
mozilla	MOsaic GodZILLa
mtab	Mount TABle
mv	MoVe
nano	Nano's ANOther editor
nawk	New AWK
nl	Number of Lines
nm	names
nohup	No HangUP
nroff	New ROFF
od	Octal Dump
passwd	PASSWorD
pg	pager
pico	PIne's message COmposition editor
pine	"Program for Internet News & Email" : "Pine is not Elm"
ping	拟声 又 :Packet InterNet Grouper
pirntcap	PRINTer CAPability
popd	POP Directory
pr	pre
printf	PRINT Formatted
ps	Processes Status
pty	pseudo tty
pushd	PUSH Directory
pwd	Print Working Directory
rc	runcom : run command, rc还是plan9的shell
rev	REVerse
rm	ReMove
rn	Read News
roff	RunOFF
rpm	RPM Package Manager :RedHat Package Manager
rsh, rlogin, rvim中的r	Remote
rxvt	ouR XVT
seamoneky	我
sed	Stream EDitor
seq	SEQuence
shar	SHell ARchive
slrn	S-Lang rn
ssh	Secure SHell
ssl	Secure Sockets Layer
stty	Set TTY
su	Substitute User
svn	SubVersioN
tar	Tape ARchive
tcsh	TENEX C shell
tee	T (T形水管接口)
telnet	TEminaL over Network
termcap	terminal capability
terminfo	terminal information
tex	τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art
tr	traslate
troff	Typesetter new ROFF
tsort	Topological SORT
tty	TeleTypewriter
twm	Tom's Window Manager
tz	TimeZone
udev	Userspace DEV
ulimit	User's LIMIT
umask	User's MASK
uniq	UNIQue
vi	VIsual :Very Inconvenient
vim	Vi IMproved
wall	write all
wc	Word Count
wine	WINE Is Not an Emulator
xargs	eXtended ARGuments
xdm	X Display Manager
xlfd	X Logical Font Description
xmms	X Multimedia System
xrdb	X Resources DataBase
xwd	X Window Dump
yacc	yet another compiler compiler
Fish	the Friendly Interactive SHell
su	Switch User
MIME	Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
ECMA	European Computer Manufacturers Association