Django auth用户认证模块
Django auth用户认证模块
- 1、Django auth用户认证
- 2、Django auth用户模型
- 3、自定义auth用户模型
- 4、数据迁移
- 5、web开发一个应用
-
- 5.1 定义路由
-
- 1.一级路由
- 2.二级路由
- 5.2 定义视图函数
- 5.3 定义模板
1、Django auth用户认证
Django auth用户认证自带了一套用户认证模块：
from django.contrib import auth
2、Django auth用户模型
Django auth用户认证，必然少不了该模块的模型(models)：
该模块的模型(models) :
1.AbstractBaseUser --> 他是一个基类
class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
password = models.CharField(_("password"), max_length=128)
last_login = models.DateTimeField(_("last login"), blank=True, null=True)
is_active = True
REQUIRED_FIELDS = []
_password = None
class Meta:
abstract = True
2.AbstractUser --> 继承AbstractBaseUser 也是一个抽象类
class AbstractUser(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
username_validator = UnicodeUsernameValidator()
username = models.CharField(_("username"),max_length=150,....)
first_name = models.CharField(_("first name"), max_length=150, blank=True)
last_name = models.CharField(_("last name"), max_length=150, blank=True)
email = models.EmailField(_("email address"), blank=True)
is_staff = models.BooleanField(_("staff status"),default=False,.....)
is_active = models.BooleanField(_("active"),default=True,....)
date_joined = models.DateTimeField(_("date joined"), default=timezone.now)
objects = UserManager()
EMAIL_FIELD = "email"
USERNAME_FIELD = "username"
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ["email"]
class Meta:
verbose_name = _("user")
verbose_name_plural = _("users")
abstract = True
3.User–> 继承AbstractUser
class User(AbstractUser):
class Meta(AbstractUser.Meta):
swappable = "AUTH_USER_MODEL"
3、自定义auth用户模型
我们只要重定义User就可以了，但是必须继承AbstractUser 类
并且在配置文件中需要定义：AUTH_USER_MODEL = "users.UserDetail"
users：是app应用名
UserDetail：是定义的类名
# users应用中models.py重定义auth用户模型
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
class UserDetail(AbstractUser):
age = models.DateField(null=True)
desc = models.TextField(null=True)
sex = models.CharField(max_length=4)
school_status = models.CharField(max_length=4)
grade = models.CharField(max_length=16)
4、数据迁移
自定义好模型，就是数据迁移
python manage.py makemigratation
python manage.py migrate
5、web开发一个应用
5.1 定义路由
1.一级路由
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.urls import re_path
from django.urls import include
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
re_path('^user/', include("users.urls")),
re_path('^user/', include("users.urls")),
# re_path(r'^user/',include(('users.urls',"users"),namespace="user"))
# 通过{% url 'user' %}访问
]
2.二级路由
from django.urls import re_path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
re_path('login/$', views.login, name='login'),
re_path('register/$', views.register, name='register'),
]
5.2 定义视图函数
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponseForbidden, JsonResponse
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate
from users.models import UserDetail
from utils.serializer import UserDetailSerializer
def login(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
return render(request, 'login.html')
else:
username = request.POST.get('username')
password = request.POST.get('password')
request_user = authenticate(request, username=username, password=password)
if request_user is not None:
return render(request, 'index.html', {'request_user': request_user})
else:
return render(request, 'login.html')
def register(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
return render(request, 'register.html')
else:
data = {
'username': request.POST.get('username'),
'password': request.POST.get('password'),
'age': request.POST.get('age'),
'desc': request.POST.get('desc'),
'sex': request.POST.get('sex'),
'school_status': request.POST.get('school_status'),
'grade': request.POST.get('grade'),
}
serializer = UserDetailSerializer(data=data)
if serializer.is_valid():
# 如果要使用authenticate()函数认证用户，必须要对password进行哈希加密处理，而create_user()创建用户，就对密码进行了哈希，最好使用create_user创建用户
request_user = UserDetail.objects.create_user(**serializer.data)
return render(request, 'index.html', {'request_user': request_user})
else:
return HttpResponseForbidden("注册失败")
5.3 定义模板
1、模板调用关系：login继承base，并包含form
2、模板调用关系：register继承base，并包含form
DOCTYPE html>
{% load static %}
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>{% block title %}{% endblock title %}title>
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'layui/css/layui.css' %}">
<script src="{% static 'layui/layui.js' %}">script>
head>
<body>
<div class="layui-header" style="background-color: bisque; display: flex;align-items: center">
<div class="layui-container">
<div class="layui-row">
{% if request_user %}
<div class="layui-col-md2 layui-col-md-offset10">
<i class="layui-icon layui-icon-user layui-circle" style="font-size: 24px; color: #f92e27; background-color: #eeeeee">i>
<button type="button" class="layui-btn layui-btn-primary">
<a href="#">注销a>
button>
div>
{% else %}
<div class="layui-col-md2 layui-col-md-offset10">
<div class="layui-btn-group">
<button type="button" class="layui-btn layui-btn-primary">
<a href="{% url 'user:login' %}">登录a>
button>
<button type="button" class="layui-btn layui-btn-primary">
<a href="{% url 'user:register' %}">注册a>
button>
div>
div>
{% endif %}
div>
div>
div>
<div class="layui-main">
{% block content %}
{% endblock content %}
div>
<div class="layui-footer" style="background-color: bisque; display: flex;align-items: center; height: 60px">
{% block footer %}
{% endblock footer %}
div>
body>
{% block scripts %}
{% endblock scripts %}
html>
<form class="layui-form layui-form-pane" action="{% url form_type %}" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<div class="layui-form-item">
<label for="id_username" class="layui-form-label">用户名label>
<div class="layui-input-block">
<input class="layui-input" type="text" id="id_username" name="username" autocomplete="off"
lay-verify="required|tLength" required>
div>
{# <div class="layui-form-mid layui-word-aux">{{ huit_name }}div>#}
div>
<div class="layui-form-item">
<label for="id_password" class="layui-form-label">密码label>
<div class="layui-input-block">
<input class="layui-input" type="password" id="id_password" name="password" autocomplete="off"
lay-verify="required|tLength" required>
div>
{# <div class="layui-form-mid layui-word-aux">{{ huit_pwd }}div>#}
div>
{% if form_type == 'user:login' %}
<div class="layui-form-item">
<label for="id_check_code" class="layui-form-label">验证码label>
<div class="layui-input-block">
<input class="layui-input" type="text" id="id_check_code" name="check_code">
<img src="#" alt="验证码">
div>
{# <div class="layui-form-mid layui-word-aux"><img src="#" alt="验证码">div>#}
div>
<div class="layui-form-item">
<div class="layui-input-block">
<input type="checkbox" id="id_un_auth" name="un_auth" title="30天免密登录" lay-skin="primary">
div>
div>
<div class="layui-form-item">
<div class="layui-input-block">
<button class="layui-btn" lay-submit lay-filter="formDemo">立即提交button>
<button type="reset" class="layui-btn layui-btn-primary">重置button>
div>
div>
{% endif %}
{% if form_type == 'user:register' %}
<div class="layui-form-item">
<label for="id_auth_pwd" class="layui-form-label">确认密码label>
<div class="layui-input-block">
<input class="layui-input" type="text" id="id_auth_pwd" name="auth_pwd"
lay-verify="required|tLength" required>
<span class="err_auth_pwd">span>
div>
div>
<div class="layui-form-item">
<label for="id_age" class="layui-form-label">生日日期label>
<div class="layui-input-inline">
<input class="layui-input" type="text" id="id_age" name="age" autocomplete="off">
<span class="err_age">span>
div>
div>
<div class="layui-form-item layui-form-text">
<label for="id_desc" class="layui-form-label">性格描述label>
<div class="layui-input-block">
<textarea class="layui-textarea" type="text" id="id_desc" name="desc">textarea>
div>
div>
<div class="layui-form-item" pane>
<label for="id_sex" class="layui-form-label">性别label>
<div class="layui-input-block">
<input type="radio" id="id_sex" name="sex" checked title="男">
<input type="radio" id="id_sex" name="sex" title="女">
div>
div>
<div class="layui-form-item " pane>
<label for="id_school_status" class="layui-form-label">是否在读label>
<div class="layui-input-block">
<input type="radio" id="id_school_status" name="school_status" checked title="是">
<input type="radio" id="id_school_status" name="school_status" title="否">
div>
div>
<div class="layui-form-item">
<label for="id_grade" class="layui-form-label">年级label>
<div class="layui-input-block">
<select name="grade" lay-verify="required" id="id_grade">
<option value="1">一年级option>
<option value="2">二年级option>
<option value="3">三年级option>
<option value="4">四年级option>
<option value="5">五年级option>
<option value="6">六年级option>
<option value="7">七年级option>
<option value="8">八年级option>
<option value="9">九年级option>
select>
div>
div>
<div class="layui-form-item">
<div class="layui-input-block">
<button class="layui-btn" lay-submit lay-filter="formDemo">立即提交button>
<button type="reset" class="layui-btn layui-btn-primary">重置button>
div>
div>
{% endif %}
form>
<script>
//Demo
layui.use(['form', 'laydate'], function () {
let form = layui.form;
let laydate = layui.laydate;
form.verify({
tLength: function (value) {
let i = 0, sum = 0;
for (i = 0; i < value.length; i++) {
// console.log(value.charCodeAt(i)); 获取字符的Unicode编码0~65535(2^16,两个字节)
if ((value.charCodeAt(i) >= 0) && (value.charCodeAt(i) <= 255)) // 判断字符是什么类型编码
sum = sum + 1;
else
sum = sum + 2;
}
if (sum < 4) {
return '最少输入4个字符或者2个中文字';
} else if (sum > 16) {
return '最多输入32个字符或者16个中文字';
}
}
});
//提交
form.on('submit(formDemo)', function (data) {
layer.msg(JSON.stringify(data.field));
return true;
});
laydate.render({
elem: '#id_age', //指定元素
type: 'date',
{#format: 'yyyy-MM-dd'#}
});
});
script>
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% load static %}
{% block title %}大圣传媒股份有限公司{% endblock title %}
{% block content %}
{% include './pluges/form.html' with form_type='user:login' %}
{% endblock content %}
{% block footer %}
<div class="layui-footer footer footer-demo" style="background-color: bisque">
<p><a href="#">Risk of Mediaa> © 2022 <a href="">大圣传媒a> Licensed 免责声明 开源协议 深ICP备2022002563号p>
div>
{% endblock footer %}
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% load static %}
{% block title %}大圣传媒股份有限公司{% endblock title %}
{% block content %}
{% include './pluges/form.html' with form_type='user:register' %}
{% endblock content %}
{% block footer %}
<div class="layui-footer footer footer-demo" style="background-color: bisque">
<p><a href="#">Risk of Mediaa> © 2022 <a href="">大圣传媒a> Licensed 免责声明 开源协议 深ICP备2022002563号p>
div>
{% endblock footer %}