ubuntu22.04新机使用（换源，下载软件，安装显卡驱动，锁屏长亮）
换源
国内有很多Ubuntu的镜像源，包括阿里的、网易的，还有很多教育网的源，比如：清华源、中科大源。推荐使用中科大源，快得很。
/etc/apt/sources.list
编辑/etc/apt/sources.list文件, 在文件最前面添加以下条目(操作前请做好相应备份)：
中科大源
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
然后执行命令：
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
其他几份国内源如下，可按需添加：
清华源：
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
阿里源：
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
网易163源：
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
星火商店
使用linux不方便的一点是软件的下载，需要软件的linux版本，可以去软件的官网找到linux版本下载，推荐直接使用星火商店下载，十分方便。星火商店官网：https://spark-app.store/
选择软件本体下载，换源后可以安装软件本体可以自动安装依赖：
点击开始下载，选择第一个下载：
使用apt下载：
sudo apt install ./xxxx.deb
安装成功后可选择自己需要的应用下载，十分方便：
安装显卡驱动
1.官网下载驱动
根据自己显卡选择驱动，官网地址：https://www.nvidia.cn/Download/index.aspx?lang=cn#
下载后放到英文路径下，中文容易乱码。
2.关闭secure boot
查看secure boot
mokutil --sb-state
如果是enabled，开机时进入bios将secure boot调整为disabled。
3.更新软件列表和安装必要软件、依赖
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install g++
sudo apt-get install gcc
sudo apt-get install make
4.禁用默认驱动
在安装NVIDIA驱动以前需要禁止系统自带显卡驱动nouveau。
sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
在打开文件的末尾添加：
blacklist nouveau
options nouveau modeset=0
最后更新一下系统的initramfs镜像文件：
sudo update-initramfs -u
重启，lsmod没有输出的话就说明禁用了nouveau。
lsmod | grep nouveau
5.进入tty模式
sudo telinit 3
输入用户名和密码登录。
禁用X-window服务：
sudo service gdm3 stop
6.给下载的驱动文件权限，安装驱动
sudo chmod 777 NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-535.129.03.run
sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-535.129.03.run –no-opengl-files -no-x-check
7.安装选项：
这两个问题选No，其他的选accept，continue install，yes等正面词汇。
- Would you like to register the kernel module souces with DKMS? This will allow DKMS to automatically build a new module, if you install a different kernel later? No
- Nvidia’s 32-bit compatibility libraries? No
8.启动图形界面
sudo service gdm3 start
9.查看驱动
nvidia-smi
屏幕的分辨率可以调整了：
锁屏长亮
长按window键 + L 即可常亮锁屏。短按就是取消常亮锁屏