苹果手机video标签播放视频问题(播放mp4视频遇到的坑)

1.场景描述
服务端上传MP4视频文件，iOS客户端通过URL播放该视频文件。提供视频接口，可以进行视频下载或者直接播放，但是iOS手机无法播放，且PC端safari浏览器也无法播放。
2.问题描述
安卓手机可以正常播放视频，iOS手机无法播放，且PC段safari浏览器也无法播放。
3.问题分析
（1）safari不支持整个文件流，服务器必须支持分段请求。
（2）safari对于文件流的请求需要包含一个请求头Range， 和一个响应头Content-Range

4.针对问题分析，进行文件分段传输，以下代码已经验证，可行，代码如下：

package com.example.yonyou.dyp.com;

import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestHeader;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * @description: iOS手机无法播放，且PC端safari浏览器也无法播放问题修复
 * @author Lancy
 * @date: 2023/12/8 17:11
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/videos")
public class VideoController {

    @GetMapping("/{videoFileName}")
    public ResponseEntity streamVideo(
            @RequestHeader(value = "Range", required = false) String rangeHeader,
            HttpServletRequest request
    ) throws IOException {

        String filePath = "D:/video/20230801_093526.mp4";

        // 获取视频文件的Resource对象（假设convertToLocalResource提供了这个方法）
        Resource videoResource = convertToLocalResource(filePath);

        // 处理Range请求
        if (rangeHeader != null && rangeHeader.startsWith("bytes=")) {
            return handleRangeRequest(videoResource, rangeHeader);
        } else {
            return handleFullRequest(videoResource);
        }
    }

    private ResponseEntity handleRangeRequest(Resource videoResource, String rangeHeader) throws IOException {
        // 解析Range请求头
        long[] range = parseRange(rangeHeader, videoResource.contentLength());

        // 获取视频的部分数据
        byte[] videoBytes = getPartialVideo(videoResource, range[0], range[1]);

        // 设置Content-Range头部
        HttpHeaders headers = createRangeHeaders(videoBytes.length, range[0], range[1], videoResource.contentLength());

        return new ResponseEntity<>(videoBytes, headers, HttpStatus.PARTIAL_CONTENT);
    }

    private ResponseEntity handleFullRequest(Resource videoResource) throws IOException {
        // 获取完整视频的数据
        byte[] videoBytes = getFullVideo(videoResource);

        // 设置Content-Range头部
        HttpHeaders headers = createFullHeaders(videoBytes.length, videoResource.contentLength());

        return new ResponseEntity<>(videoBytes, headers, HttpStatus.OK);
    }

    private long[] parseRange(String rangeHeader, long contentLength) {
        // 解析Range请求头
        String[] range = rangeHeader.substring(6).split("-");
        long start = Long.parseLong(range[0]);
        long end = range.length==1 || range[1].isEmpty() ? contentLength - 1 : Long.parseLong(range[1]);
        return new long[]{start, end};
    }

    private byte[] getPartialVideo(Resource videoResource, long start, long end) throws IOException {
        // 获取部分视频数据
        try (InputStream videoStream = videoResource.getInputStream()) {
            long length = end - start + 1;
            byte[] videoBytes = new byte[(int) length];
            videoStream.skip(start);
            videoStream.read(videoBytes, 0, (int) length);
            return videoBytes;
        }
    }

    private HttpHeaders createRangeHeaders(long contentLength, long start, long end, long totalLength) {
        // 设置Content-Range头部
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.setContentType(MediaType.parseMediaType("video/mp4"));
        headers.setContentLength(contentLength);
        headers.add("Content-Range", "bytes " + start + "-" + end + "/" + totalLength);
        return headers;
    }

    private byte[] getFullVideo(Resource videoResource) throws IOException {
        // 获取完整视频的数据
        try (InputStream videoStream = videoResource.getInputStream()) {
            byte[] videoBytes = new byte[(int) videoResource.contentLength()];
            videoStream.read(videoBytes, 0, videoBytes.length);
            return videoBytes;
        }
    }

    private HttpHeaders createFullHeaders(long contentLength, long totalLength) {
        // 设置Content-Range头部
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.setContentType(MediaType.parseMediaType("video/mp4"));
        headers.setContentLength(contentLength);
        headers.add("Content-Range", "bytes 0-" + (contentLength - 1) + "/" + totalLength);
        return headers;
    }

    public  Resource convertToLocalResource(String filePath) {
        File file = new File(filePath);
        if (file.exists() && file.isFile()) {
            return new FileSystemResource(file);
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("File does not exist or is not a regular file: " + filePath);
        }
    }

}

5.使用上述方案可以实现各环境的视频嵌套播放，已经验证过，可以直接用，各位根据自己的代码稍作调整即可。